Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
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債務舒緩破產分別
債務重組 是 過程 到達 一個新 面對債權人通過與債權人進行談判的還款計劃 財務困難 為了 減少 還款的壓力和 增加 財務狀況。這個過程通常 涉及 重新分配債務的條件， 可能是 包括延長還款期，減少 利率，，，， 還有 減少一些債務 許多人 誰會 在經濟困難中，債務重組是一個可行的解決方案 那會有所幫助 他們 避開 破產的嚴重後果。
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該研究將抗議定義為人們以與政權相衝突的方式表達不滿或推進自己的利益時的行為——這可能發生在現場或網上。此類事件無論規模多麼小，在中國仍然具有影響力，即使是孤獨的抗議者也會很快被追蹤並拘留。
申請人與牽頭債權人經過洽談，若雙方接受新的還款建議，又獲得其餘債權人的同意，債務人所有債款便將歸納於牽頭債權人下，根據新方案規定的較低的利息，日後債務人只需每月向這個單一債權人定額定息還款，直到還清債項，無需再同時與多個債務人周旋。
落實債務重組條件及方案，欠債人按時向代名人供款，而代名人則按分配比例發放給其債權人，債務人每月向代名人還款，再由代名人安排還款予債權人。
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如欠債人在供款期間不幸被解僱或遭減薪，只要出示有關證明文件，並獲債權人同意，就可暫時停供還款。
該研究將抗議定義為人們以與政權相衝突的方式表達不滿或推進自己的利益時的行為——這可能發生在現場或網上。此類事件無論規模多麼小，在中國仍然具有影響力，即使是孤獨的抗議者也會很快被追蹤並拘留。
申請人與牽頭債權人經過洽談，若雙方接受新的還款建議，又獲得其餘債權人的同意，債務人所有債款便將歸納於牽頭債權人下，根據新方案規定的較低的利息，日後債務人只需每月向這個單一債權人定額定息還款，直到還清債項，無需再同時與多個債務人周旋。
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如欠債人在供款期間不幸被解僱或遭減薪，只要出示有關證明文件，並獲債權人同意，就可暫時停供還款。
申請債務重整並不涉及刑責，因此即使某些計劃需要經過法庭處理，縱使申請不成功，也不會對申請人的信貸紀錄或生活留下負面影響。唯申請債務重組失敗便表示申請人的債務暫時無法解決，因此或需要尋求其他方法以解決債務問題。
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