Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
392,818 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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BACKGROUND Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are widely prescribed antihypertensive agents. Intriguingly, case reports and clinical trials have indicated that ACEIs, including captopril and lisinopril, may have a rapid mood-elevating effect in certain patients, but few experimental studies have investigated their value as fast-onset antidepressants. METHODS The present study consisted of a series of exper
HsuKure1954
Tamoxifen Antineoplastic and Immunosuppressive Antibiotics chemical
This paper presents the feasibility study of dynamic flow measurements using the concept of a rotatable electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor. The experiment considered horizontal flow in a pneumatic conveying flow loop in the case of dense phase flow. Slugs and settled layers were imaged and a comparison was made between no rotation or rotation of the se
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Higher pre-operative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was associated with higher cumulative odds of severe/moderate versus mild low cardiac output on post-operative day 1 (odds ratio 2.86; 95% confidence interval 1.18-6.93; p = 0.02). Pre-operative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was not significantly associated with time to inotrope free or vasoactive-inotrope score. Post-operative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was also n
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Metalation of anchored porphyrins is essential for their functionality at hybrid interfaces. In this work, we have studied the anchoring and metalation of a functionalized porphyrin derivative, 5-(4-carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin (MCTPP), on an atomically-defined CoO(100) film under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. We follow both the anchoring to the oxide surface and the self-metalation by surface Co
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BP1102
5%) HFs between (VM1a vs HFVUM). Consistency between MSF vs NHMIS was associated with receiving one or more SS visits in the previous month (p=0.001), data collection tools availability (p=0.001), recent attendance to monthly LGA RI review meeting and availability of trained staff. Data consistency between VM1a form and the HF VU summary was associated with a recent documented SS visit (p=0.05) and availability of trained s
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EGFR inhibitor review
Double-eyelid surgery remains a popular esthetic surgery in East Asian people. The partial-incision method provides the benefits of full-incision and nonincision techniques. It can create a predictable and durable double-eyelid crease.
To create a long-lasting double-eyelid crease with a minimal scar, the author has described the modified partial incision technique with a small
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Tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 receptor antagonist, has been used to treat critically ill patients with coronavirus disease-2019. We present the case of a previously immunocompetent man with coronavirus disease-2019 who developed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis after treatment with tocilizumab, illustrating the importance of considering opportunistic infections when providing immune modulating therapy.R
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Paratuberculosis is an infectious disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). MAP is an intracellular pathogen with a possible zoonotic potential since it has been successfully isolated from the intestine and blood of Crohn’s disease patients.Since no cure is available, after the detection of the disease, animal culling is the sole applicable containment strategy. H
WagnerAguilar7945
Nevirapine
Clara likely met Maximinian de Crinis, an SS officer and high-ranking member of the NS health administration, through contacts within their respective corps. De Crinis supported Clara decisively in the anatomist’s appointments as chair of anatomy at the University of Leipzig and later at the University of Munich. Initially, Clara began his academic career at the Institute of Histology and Embryology in Innsb
TerryByers5768
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As the worldwide use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) continues to grow, there is a critical need to assess the safety of these treatment parameters and the potential adverse health effects of their use in adults and their offspring. While key elements remain similar across nations, geographic variations both in treatments and populations make generalizability challenging. We describe and compare the demographic
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BooneMercer2148
Lysipressin
This paper investigates the medical law and ethics (MEL) learning needs of Foundation doctors (FYs) by means of a national survey developed in association with key stakeholders including the General Medical Council and Health Education England. Four hundred sevnty-nine doctors completed the survey. The average self-reported level of preparation in MEL was 63%. When asked to rate how confident they felt in appro
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Selleck VU661013
ellular appendages in the GI tract. In addition, export of the adhesive moonlighting proteins mediated by EVs may promote bifidobacterial colonization. This study provides new insight into the roles of EVs in bifidobacterial colonization processes as these bacteria adapt to the GI environment.Vibrio natriegens is the fastest-growing microorganism discovered to date, making it a useful model for biotechnology and b
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The doctor will also go over the patient’s symptoms, their work or school records, and other pertinent information. They may also interview family members and friends.
A rating scale or questionnaire can be used to evaluate symptoms such as impulsivity and inattention. They will also check
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PLB-1001 molecular weight
In this work, the synthesis of graphene-like nanosheets (GNS) by an electrochemical exfoliation method, their microstructural characterization and their performance as fillers in a ceramic matrix composite have been assessed. To fabricate the composites, 3 mol % yttria tetragonal zirconia (3YTZP) powders with 1 vol % GNS were processed by planetary ball milling in tert-butanol to enhance the GNS distribu
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ABBV-CLS-484 in vitro
Catheter ablation is an effective method of rhythm therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF). AF recurrence is a common problem after catheter ablation. The aim of this study was to investigate influence factors of early recurrence after catheter ablation for AF. One hundred and three consecutive patients with AF were enrolled and underwent catheter ablation. Venous blood (Marked as A) was collected before ab
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SteensenReynolds7356
Elexacaftor in vitro
Knockdown of TTTY15 increased cell viability, and inhibited apoptosis of hypoxia-induced AC16 cells. TTTY15 bound to and inversely regulated let-7b. Likewise, MAPK6 was a target of let-7b and was negatively regulated by let-7b. Silencing of TTTY15 ameliorated the impact of let-7b downregulation or MAPK6 upregulation on hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury. TTTY15 modulated MAPK6 enrichment by sponging let-7
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In Pennsylvania and New Jersey, mopeds and motor-driven vehicles requ
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Biofilm formation (BF) and production in the food processing industry (FPI) is a continual threat to food safety and quality. Various bacterial pathogens possess the ability to adhere and produce biofilms on stainless steel (SS) in the FPI due to flagella, curli, pili, fimbrial adhesins, extra polymeric substances, and surface proteins. The facilitating environmental conditions (temperature, pressure, variat
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YM201636
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of laminoplasty and laminectomy with fusion in the treatment of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).
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We report the precision measurement of the absolute frequencies, hyperfine splitting, and 2P fine structure splitting in cold atoms of ^6Li. Using the stabilized optical frequency comb and developed heterodyne detection technique, the photon shot-noise limited optical spectroscopy is achieved. The measurement of absolute frequencies of D_1 lines is reached with an uncertainty of about 1 kHz, which is 1 order of ma
HolbrookHerbert0002
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In lymph nodes (LNs), the magnitude of the SIV gp140-specific ASC responses also followed the viral load kinetics. In contrast, the number of SIV gp140-specific ASCs presented did not correlate with frequencies of circulating activated monocyte (CD14+CD16+) or Tfh cells.
Blood and/or LN viral loads may regulate the onset and magnitude of SIV gp140-specific ASCs du
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Combined cement- and screw-retained restorations (CCSRRs) incorporate the simplicity of the cement method and the retrievability of the screw method, offering good resistance, allowing the removal of the excess of cement before clinical placement of the restoration, and providing another alternative for dental implant rehabil
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05). These differences were more pronounced after 24 h of cold preservation time (p less then 0.05). This study demonstrated that Custodiol-N protects uterus grafts from cold ischemic injury better than standard Custodiol® most likely via inhibition of oxidative stress and tissue edema. It seems that iron chelators in the composition of Custodiol-N play an important protective role against cold ischemia.Glioblastoma (
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nti-VEGF after the activation of platelets, potentially contributing to arterial thromboembolic events. Clathrin-coated vesicles seem to be more prominent in the transport of bevacizumab than ranibizumab and aflibercept. Nevertheless, whether the different localization and transport of bevacizumab are truly related to specific differences of receptor-mediated endocytosis has to be revealed by further research.
ZimmermannMurphy9064
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Analysis of particulate matter (PM) is important for the assessment of human exposures to potentially harmful agents, notably combustion-generated PM. Specifically, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) found in ultrafine PM have been linked to cardiovascular diseases and carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. In this study, we quantify the presence and concentrations of PAHs with lower molecular weight
VaughnSvenstrup7608
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Visual statistical learning (VSL) refers to the ability to extract associations and conditional probabilities within the visual environment. It may serve as a precursor to cognitive and social communication development. Quantifying VSL in infants at familial risk (FR) for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) provides opportunities to understand how genetic predisposition can influence early learning processes which may, in turn, la
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Seven patients had heterotopic ossification. Lucent lines were noted predominantly in humeral implant zone V. No lucent lines were noted around the ulnar component in any radiographic zone. Complications occurred in 9 patients (22%) and 2 revisions were performed one for infection and one for a late periprosthetic fracture.
Total elbow arthroplasty for fracture in elderly patient
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Harvesting energy from ambient moisture and natural water sources is currently of great interest due to the need for standalone self-powered nano/micro-systems. In this work, we report on the development of a cost-effective nanogenerator based on a carbon paper-Al2O3 nanoparticle layer-carbon paper (CAC) sandwich structure, where the 3D Al2O3 layer is deposited via vacuum filtration. This t
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A hospital built environment can affect patients’ treatment satisfaction, which is, in turn, associated with crucial clinical outcomes. However, little research has explored which elements are specifically important for psychiatric in-patients. This study aims to identify which elements of the hospital environment are associated with higher patient satisfaction with psychiatric in-patient care.
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Cytoskeletal Signaling inhibitor
Ultrasound is increasingly used by physicians at the bedside to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions and is particularly useful in the resource-limited setting. The purpose of this study was to determine whether point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) performed by physicians changed the diagnosis or treatment of patients in mobile clinics in rural Uganda. Patients presenting to mobile clinics in
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Data suggest that sensing of endogenous nucleic acids through the STING pathway may be partially responsible for the type I IFN gene signature but not autoimmunity in NOD mice. Our results show that the STING pathway may play an unexpected intrinsic role in sup
TruelsenSahl1495
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Pathomorphologic lesions were somewhat different from those previously reported in wild waterfowl.Despite routine vaccine use, sporadic outbreaks of infectious coryza in poultry continue to occur in Taiwan. This study was designed to determine the serotypes and the complete nucleotide sequences of a hemagglutinin gene (HMTp210) of Avibacterium paragallinarum isolated in Taiwan between 1994 and 2017. Hemaggluti
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The context is any setting globally. Studies for consideration will have qualitative data, including any mixed methods studies.
This qualitative systematic review will be conducted according to JBI methodology. Databases to be searched for published studies include CINAHL, PubMed, APA PsycINFO, Embase, Sociological Abstracts,
BuckBecker8965
Veliparib
To make a holistic, comprehensive analysis of scientific publications on the subject of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) between 1980 and 2019 using bibliometric methods, and by determining global research trends, to establish an important resource for future studies.
All the scientific documents were accessed which had the key word “vesicoureteral reflux” in the “Title” section in the W
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Restraint stress handling increased CBG and decreased GnIH mRNA expression in the liver and hypothalamus, respectively. MR, GR, 11βHSD1, and 11βHSD2 mRNA expression in the brain, pituitary gland, and liver did not change. No correlations were found between gene expression and baseline or stress-induced plasma corticosterone levels. No rapid changes of MR, GR, 11βHSD1, and 11βHSD2 m
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We confirmed the importance of increased PA and proper nutritional intake in elderly people. Therefore, it is believed that practical measures such as nutrition education and nutrition guidance and PA education are urgently needed to reduce the incidence of MetS among the elderly.Considering the potential of hydrogels to mimic the cellular microenvironment, methacryloyl gelatin (GelMA) and methacryloyl mucin (MuMA) were se
FitzgeraldMcclure9916
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FINDINGS Forty-nine students participated in the game. All students provided written feedback, and 15 students participated in the debriefing session. Emergent themes included (1) inherent biases affecting communication and patient outcomes, (2) importance for an effective group leader, (3) importance for respect for other opinions, and (4) words can affect people. SUMMARY Effective communication and collab
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thor311
Menjadi salah satunya juragan atau agen dari sebuah permainan adalah hal yang paling beri keuntungan buat siapa bukan. Tiap-tiap orang yang pengin jadi agen tentu saja tidak sembarangan orang dan harus mempunyai syarat-syarat khusus. Lalu anda pengin jadi agen atau juragan apa nih. Di musim ini kali di dapatkan markanya permainan yang udah masuk luas ke seluruhpermukaan bumi di bumi ini. salah satunya permainan yang mempunyai akibat paling besar dari
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The empirical findings also confirm the existence of a J-shaped relationship between foreign direct investment inflows and CO2 emissions, which indicates that India is in the transient phase moving from pollution halo towards pollution heaven with progressive foreign direct investment development. Trade openness is also found to have a beneficial effect on environmental quality implying the trade policy of India en
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The effects of copper (Cu) exposure on growth and physiological characteristics of three genotypes (CN-12, Cim-Sanjeevani and Cim-Arogya) of Artemisia annua L. were elucidated. The plants were grown under naturally illuminated greenhouse conditions and were harvested after physiological maturity (120 days after sowing). Results suggest that 10 mg kg- 1 Cu significantly enhanced the growth and physiological parame
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We present a case of a 13-year old patient with partially reversibly post-operative heart block who underwent leadless pacemaker placement. After post-anesthesia wretching/gagging episode she developed device microdislodgement and increased/intolerable capture thresholds. The device was removed and another placed with adequate thresholds for good longevity. BACKGROUND Although emergency medical service- (EMS-) witnesse
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MLN0128 mouse
displayed decent cytotoxicity potential relative to the standard drug, doxorubicin. Further investigations are needed to establish the detailed mechanism of action of the developed novel quinazolinone acetamides.
Wnt signaling cascades play important roles in cell fate decisions and their deregulation has been documented in many diseases, including malignant tumors and leukemia. One mechanism of abe
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