Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
69,582 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Fucoidan(FPS) is an effective component of the Chinese patent medicine named Haikun Shenxi, which treats schronic renal failure in clinics, and has the potential anti-aging effects. However, it is still unclear whether FPS can improve renal aging, especially the molecular mechanism of its anti-aging. The human proximal renal tubular epithelial cells(HK-2) in vitro were divided into normal group(N), D-gal
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In mice, the Binder of Sperm Homolog 1 protein is exclusively expressed in the epididymis. BSP proteins play a role in the membrane modification events that occur during sperm capacitation. In the current study, we investigated the role of mouse recombinant BSP homolog 1 (rec-BSPH1) in sperm-egg interaction. Mouse oocytes were co-incubated with different concentrations of rec-BSPH1 or control proteins and then inseminate
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The purpose of our study was to investigate the epidemiology of coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) responsible for bacteremia in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients and to determine the prevalence and the genetic background of methicillin resistance. The prevalence of CoNS bacteremia was 7.4% (54/728), higher in allograft (10.7%) than in autograft (4.7%) recipients. A sepsis or a septic shock w
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Community level physiological profiling analyses indicated distinct shift in metabolic abilities following carbon amendments. Our study for the first time may help to formulate a strategy in aerobic biotransformation of PG contaminated soil environment, yet appreciable rate by supplying adequate nutrients.The discharge of high levels of heavy metals into the environment is of concern due to its t
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This research informed a best-practice framework and outlines different models for developing community empowering and culturally affirming gathering places for improving Aboriginal people’s access to culturally appropriate health and support services, while simultaneously reducing health and social inequalities. Key elements of this framework that contribute to a successful gathering place include the peo
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Since glyphosate was classified as potentially carcinogenic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, public debate regarding the environmental impact and health risks from its use has intensified. Almost all regulatory agencies throughout the world have concluded that the judicious use of glyphosate does not pose risks to the environment and human health. However, on the last day of 2020 the Mexican government de
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The incidence of metabolic disorders in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) endemic settings is a prevailing burden in developing countries. Cholesterol homeostasis and fat metabolism are altered by HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART), thereby possibly contributing to complications such as gallstone formation.
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Research on the outcomes of leader humor has mainly focused on attitudinal or in-role behaviors, while proactive change-oriented behaviors have been neglected. Addressing these issues is important for scholars and practitioners to better understand how leader humor enables subordinates to behave proactively. By integrating the resource accumulation perspective and the motivational process of the Job Demands-Resources (
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A progressive loss of the methanogenic capacity towards a fully sulfidogenic UASB was explained by a progressive wash-out of methanogenic Archaea, which were outcompeted by sulfate-reducing bacteria. Desulfovibrio was found as the main sulfate-reducing genus in the reactor along time. A progressive reduction in the sulfidogenic capacity of the UASB was found in the l
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Microfluidic-based assays have become effective high-throughput approaches to examining replicative aging of budding yeast cells. Deep learning may offer an efficient way to analyze a large number of images collected from microfluidic experiments. Here, we compare three deep learning architectures to classify microfluidic time-lapse images of dividing yeast cells into categories that represent different stages i
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Background The importance of intracochlear pressure during cochlear electrode insertion for the preservation of residual hearing has been widely discussed. Various aspects of pre-insertional, intra-insertional, and post-insertional relevant conditions affect intracochlear pressure. The fluid situation at the round window during electrode insertion has been shown to be an influential factor. Aims/Objectives The
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Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Prognosis is quite grim at the exception of stage 1. When faced with failure of several therapeutic regimens and rapid progression of disease, considering alternative therapies such as radiopharmaceutical therapies may be an option. We describe the case of a 36 yo young gentleman with lung adenocarcinoma whom had imaging molecular character
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Background & objectives Iron supplementation is widely used public health measure to manage iron deficiency anaemia. In India, enteric-coated iron tablets are administered to adolescent boys and girls to avoid adverse effects such as gastritis, which reduces compliance, but this may result in poor iron absorption. Data on the absorption of iron from enteric-coated ferrous sulphate tablets are lacking. The prese
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