Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
70,338 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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The effects of flexion-extension and internal-external rotation on LL error were smaller for the top of the iliac crest than for the iliac tubercle, though OS error was similar for both pin positions. For LL, the permissible range of the combined limb position was wider for the top of the iliac crest than for the iliac tubercle.
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HooverMendez1518
ALK signaling pathway
ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of iodine staining in the margin determination in transoral laser microsurgery for early glottic carcinoma. Method35 patients with early glottic laryngeal cancer（Tis-T2） were enrolled in this study from January 2016 to December 2017.All patients were applied with 1.5% Lugol iodine solution to vocal cords for 3 times after general anesthesia，and the coloration of the laryngeal cavity was obser
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PURPOSE The Marx Activity Rating Scale (Marx Scale) is a commonly used activity-related patient-reported outcome which evaluates the highest activity level within the last year, whereas the Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (HSS Pedi-FABS) assesses highest activity level within the last month. This study aims to determine whether
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8% and 80.4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis found that tumor size and the route of lymph node removal were independent prognostic factors for recurrence.
When LRH was first introduced into Japan, we found that the route of lymph node removal was an independent prognostic factor for recurrence in addition to large tumors (≥ 2cm). Our results suggest that prognosis may b
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Although phosphine is ubiquitously present in anaerobic environments, little is known regarding the microbial community dynamics and metabolic pathways associated with phosphine formation in an anaerobic digestion system. This study investigated the production of phosphine in anaerobic digestion, with results indicating that phosphine production mainly occurred during logarithmic microbial growth. Dehydrogenase and hydro
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To ensure timely data and good data quality, the IT infrastructure within the public health system has to be further modernized and the electronic notification system should be further strengthened.
Oral ivermectin can be used to treat scabies. Evidence for safe and effective use in young children in individual treatment situations has been developed and published. In order to also ensure abody weigh
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This synonymous variant in P-glycoprotein may influence the risk of CMV reactivation by altering the efflux of cyclosporine and tacrolimus from donor lymphocytes. In the GWAS analysis, the donor CDC42EP3 rs11686168 genotype approached the significance threshold for association with CMV reactivation, although we could not identify a mechanism to explain this association. The results of this study suggest that most gen
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Intake of sufficient amounts of iron by adolescents is a matter of great concern. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the factors that may influence iron intake in this specific population. The present study aimed to analyze the environmental determinants of the intake of heme and nonheme iron in a national homogenous sample of Polish adolescents. Adolescents (aged 15-20 years) were randomly chosen fro
CrawfordCalhoun8411
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53; 95%CI 0.28-0.97, p = 0.041) and among those were older than 30 years compared to younger GPs (aOR 0.61; 95%CI 0.39-0.96, p = 0.033). GPs working in private clinics had less knowledge compared to GPs in community health centers (aOR 0.55; 95%CI 0.31-0.99, p = 0.047). In conclusion, knowledge of monkeypox among GPs in Indonesia is relatively low in all groups. Increasing knowledge of mo
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Mycophenolic datasheet
A facile, sensitive and unmodified Hg2+ homogeneous electrochemical sensor based on bisferrocene signal markers and catalytic hairpin self-assembly (CHA) was built on a gold disk electrode. Three hairpin probes were designed, in which thiol was labeled at both ends of the hairpin probe 1(HP1), while bisferrocene, a redox signal marker, was labeled at both ends of the hairpin probe 2(H
GammelgaardMcCollum5201
Apitolisib in vivo
In this study, we ascertained the chest CT data of 60 patients admitted to 3 hospitals in Chongqing with confirmed COVID-19. We conducted anatomical and pathological analyses to elucidate the possible reasons for the distribution, morphology, and characteristics of COVID-19 in chest CT. We also shared a semiquantitative scoring of affected lung segments, which was recommended by our local medical associat
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However, DMSO-mediated curing appears to also be associated with other quality control systems. While the induction of autophagy alone does not lead to curing, we found that DMSO-mediated curing is dramatically impaired in autophagy related (atg) gene mutants, suggesting that other factors influence this DMSO mechanism of curing. Our data suggest that DMSO-mediated curing is not simply dependent upon Hsp104 overexpres
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Neurological complications after coronary angiography are rare but associated with significant mortality and morbidity. These include ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, and transient ischemic attacks. Rarely, contrast media can cross the blood brain barrier causing transient neurological symptoms including confusion and seizures. On imaging, it can mimic a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Blood can be differentiate
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Introduction Skeletal dysplasia is a condition associated with various abnormalities of the skeleton and comprises multiple groups of disorders. Antenatal ultrasonographic assessment of the skeletal dysplasia requires a robust and systematic assessment of the long bones, fetal thorax, skull, spine, pelvis, hands and the feet. Large number of diseases, their overlapping phenotypic features and the lack of s
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Correlations between seafood intake and serum EPA and DHA were also moderate (0·39-0·43). A negative correlation between serum TAGs and serum EPA, as well as positive correlations between serum cholesterol (total cholesterol, LDL and HDL) with serum EPA and DHA were observed, whereas no significant correlations between seafood intake and serum lipid profiles. Based on this model, we estimated 61-98 g/week of seafo
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Nonoperative management of adhesive small bowel obstruction (SBO) is successful in up to 80% of patients. Current recommendations advocate for computed tomography (CT) scan in all patients with SBO to supplement surgical decision-making. The hypothesis of this study was that cumulative findings on CT would predict the need for operative intervention in the setting of SBO.
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Furthermore, Gal d 7 cross-reactive allergens were also detected in other poultry species, suggesting that rGal d 7 can be used as a diagnostic marker allergen for poultry meat allergy. The high thermal stability, refolding capacity and resistance to gastrointestinal enzymes might explain why Gal d 7 can act as a potent sensitizing agent. CONCLUSION Gal d 7 represents a novel major chicken meat allergen. Re
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, wearing masks has become necessary, especially within health care. However, to our knowledge, the consequences of mask wearing on communication between surgeons and patients have not been studied.
To evaluate the effects of clear vs standard covered masks on communication during surgical clinic encounters.
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Based on the porous internal structure, we also demonstrate some potential applications of the hydrogels for assembly of nanomaterials, such as Au nanorods for remote sensing system and model protein of insulin for drug controlled release. Moreover, the process proved to be versatile, allowing the use of most natural polymer including gelatin, alginate, and so on. Thus, coupling of such straightforward fabrica
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The discussed strategy of developing novel, non-toxic, and PSMA specific antibody conjugated liposomes carrying genistein and plumbagin drugs may also be used for encapsulating other drugs and inhibit the growth of different types of cancers.Harvesting the low molecular weight (LMW) proteins from the cellular exudates is a big challenge for early disease detection. Here, we introduce a unique probe composed
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Development of new biologic drug targeting type 2 cytokines provides novel therapeutic interventions for atopic dermatitis.
Development of new biologic drug targeting type 2 cytokines provides novel therapeutic interventions for atopic dermatitis.
Mast cell disorders (MCDs) are rare, chronic, debilitating diseases with a varied and complex clinical trajectory that creates challenges to physic
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We recommend initiating more data-sharing collaborations to prevent unnecessary duplication of research and integration of value-based measurements in clinical care to enhance acceptance by health-care professionals. Finally, we invite researchers and regulators to adopt this approach to ensure a timely implementation of digital measurements and value-based thinking in clinical trial design and health care. SIGNIFICANCE
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Conclusion We present a clinical odyssey showing the natural progression and history of FCPs in TSC and comment on the mechanistic pathways allowing potential interventions in this disfiguring condition. TSC cases can be successfully managed and complications – particularly in the brain and kidney, can be avoided over an entire lifetime. This is encouraging for long term prospects for patients with T
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KejserLadegaard1581
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This Special Issue of Sexual Health aims to collate the latest evidence base focussed on understanding the current epidemic and transmission of gonorrhoea, choice of treatment, molecular epidemiology application, concerns about antimicrobial resistance and alternative prevention and control for gonorrhoea.Numerous variables affect invitro blastocyst development following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IC
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Retina is a crucial tissue for capturing and processing light stimulus. It is critical to describe the characteristics of retina at the single-cell level for understanding its biological functions. A variety of abnormalities in terms of morphology and function are present in the trisomy 21 (T21) retina. To evaluate the consequences of chromosome aneuploidy on retina development, we identified the single-cell transcr
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¿Estás pensando en adquirir tu primer mazo de tarot? Elegir el tarot adecuado puede ser una experiencia abrumadora, especialmente con la amplia variedad de opciones disponibles hoy en día. Desde los clásicos mazos de Rider-Waite hasta los modernos y temáticos, encontrar el mazo que resuene contigo es fundamental para desarrollar una conexión profunda y auténtica con la práctica del tarot.
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The new species D. brevicancria nov. is described, and Koch’s postulates were confirmed for D. brevicancria nov. and D. eres. D. brevicancria nov. produced the largest cankers in greenhouse pathogenicity trials, and dual inoculations of D. brevicancria nov. and D. eres produced intermediate cankers.Wheat stem rust (causal organism Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) is an important fungal disease that causes significant y
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Serum Zn and Cu concentration was significantly increased due to the supplementation of organic zinc in both male and female breeders. The fertility and hatchability percentage were higher (P less then 0.05) in the T2 group. It could be concluded that the additional supplementation of organic Zn (zinc-methionine) at 40 mg/kg to the basal diet improved the reproductive performance in broiler breeders.Cathelicidins a
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There are numerous cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19, some of which are unique to children such as EM-like lesions and skin findings for MIS-C. Livedoid lesions do not commonly occur in the pediatric population. In mild cases, supportive care is indicated, whereas severe cases warrant intensive care and hospitalization.
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NSSI did associate with increased suicide ideation frequency. Future likelihood of, implicit association with, and intrapersonal effectiveness of NSSI were important.Purpose Violence against women is a global epidemic. Such violence occurs in sport, although previous research has focused on child/youth sexual abuse or elite sport. Despite sport being identified as having a role in preventing violence against women, litt
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A high degree of instrumental and emotional online social support was associated with a greater incidence of annual patient-provider conversations about screening. This combination of perceived online social support was especially useful for patients with COPD.BACKGROUND Basal insulin is often recommended as the initial therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes who require insulin treatment. Adequate adherence is cr
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Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is an effective intervention for preterm and low birth weight infants. Effective implementation of KMC relies on a multidisciplinary team centering on the newborn’s caregiver, who delivers care with support from health care workers. This study explored the experiences of caregivers on the implementation of KMC.
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Tyrosinase is considered a key contributor to melanogenesis, and safe, potent tyrosinase inhibitors are needed for medical and cosmetic purposes to treat skin hyperpigmentation and prevent fruit and vegetable browning. According to our accumulated SAR data on tyrosinase inhibitors, the β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated carbonyl scaffold in either E or Z configurations, can confer potent tyrosinase inhibitory
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One hundred and sixty-seven B. juncea varieties were genotyped on the 90K Brassica assay (42,914 SNPs), which led to the identification of sixteen candidate ge
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Rehabilitation and physical therapies can recover people suffering from neurological disorder. Due to limited medical personnels, there are not enough medical personnels help patients with their posture diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a 3D gait tracking method to help medical personnels monitor patients. Based on acoustic signals, our approach derives displacement by only one integration of velocity. When one walks, his
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