Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
76,538 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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The negativity of both tests had a 94% (95% CI 87-100) negative predictive value. Comparison of the areas under the curve showed no differences in the diagnostic accuracy of IPT, SF-EMG, and their combinations.
IPT and SF-EMG have similar diagnostic accuracy in patients with OM presenting with ptosis. The negativity of both tests strongly suggests another diagnosis.
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EnnisEllegaard7291
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The Purdue Pegboard test (PPT) assesses upper-extremity dexterity and motor skills. We hypothesized that PPT skill would predict functional and cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease (PD), independent of observer-rated measures of motor impairment.
We utilized data from 399 PD participants enrolled in the deprenyl and tocopherol antioxidative therapy of Parkinsonism trial. Unified
BertelsenJones1562
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Purpose To determine whether unilateral acute anterior uveitis (AAU) induces ipsilateral changes in the tear fluid proteome. Methods Five patients (25-77 years old) with unilateral AAU were included. Tear fluid samples were obtained using Schirmer’s test strips. The healthy eye served as control. Proteins were identified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results Two hundred forty-two tear fluid sample
ParksErnstsen1254
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26 weeks (range 4-200 weeks). Both FFI and FADI showed statistically significant improvement at 12 months in all the four groups (p value less then 0.0001 for all groups). However, groups 2, 3 and 4 were observed to show statistically better results in terms of heel pain reduction (FFI) as compared to group 1 (ANOVA, p value less then 0.0001 for group 1 vs. 2, group 1 vs.
HawkinsHoff7697
UNC3866
BACKGROUND The international movement of used tyres is a major factor responsible for global introductions of Aedes invasive mosquitoes (AIMs) (Diptera Culicidae) that are major disease vectors (e.g. dengue, Zika, chikungunya and yellow fever). Surveillance methods are restricted by expense, availability and efficiency to detect all life stages. Currently, no tested method exists to screen imported used tyres for eggs in di
DitlevsenBryan3173
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The aim of this study is to identify and highlight the positive and negative indirect environmental impacts of COVID-19, with a particular focus on the most affected economies (USA, China, Spain, and Italy). In this respect, the empirical and theoretical dimensions of the contents of those impacts are analyzed. Research findings reveal a significant relationship between contingency actions and posit
VendelboJohannessen1922
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債務及理財輔導專線由註冊社工接聽，為遇上債務困擾的人士或其家屬提供有關債務重組、破產、資產變賣等債務處理手法的資訊，並就著不同個案作債務危機評估，提供合適的債務解決方案。遇上因債務問題而受情緒困擾的人士，社工會提供熱線情緒支援和
HinrichsenCampos5448
Cytoskeletal Signaling inhibitor
Moreover, enzyme kinetics studies suggested that the representative compound 44g acted as a competitive-type inhibitor for FXIa, and molecular modeling revealed that it could tightly bind to the S1, S1′ and S2′ pockets of factor XIa. Furthermore, in vivo efficacy in the rabbit arteriovenous shunt model suggested that compound 44g demonstrated dose-dependent antithrombotic efficacy. Therefore, these res
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Results In this study, males were mostly effected (64.3%) with buccal mucosa (49%) to be the commonly involved site for OSCC. Majority of cases were moderately differentiated (62.1%) and 50.7% tumors were Stage IV. HER-2/neu was found to be positive (2+) in one case of OSCC, however weak to moderate complete membrane staining was observed in >10% of the tumor cells. One hundred and thirty nine cases were HER-2/neu neg
LauritsenEskesen3336
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The pathogenesis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) is complex and unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the noncanonical pathway of pyroptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of IIM, and the intervention effect of drugs glyburide and bright blue G (BBG).
After the drug intervention, we detected the expression of the caspase-4, caspase-5, ca
AlbrightRowland4971
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Recorded data, the analytical model, and simulations show good agreement. We also show how the presented analytical model can easily be expanded to contain more complex beam paths and, thus, be used to estimate coupling losses for experimentally relevant optical benches under load.An improved quartz crystal microbalance measurement method is described, which allows us to determine erosion, implant
LarssonWard0145
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Rats exposed to reward downshift (from 32 to 4% sucrose) increase 2% alcohol intake in a 2-h, free-choice preference test which also offered water. This effect was accompanied by augmented general activity in the elevated plus maze (Donaire et al., 2018, Behav Proc, 150, 59-65). In the present study we analyzed the effect of alcohol consumption induced by reward downshift on anxiety behaviors registered in the hole-b
OlsonMatthews8874
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04), for bleeding and ulceration/erosion than for vascular pattern at day 42 [63% and 65% vs. 33% (n=54); p<.001 for both] and at day 98 [78% and 92% vs. 56% (n = 50); p = .007 and p < .001]. Global endoscopic remission rates at day 98 were higher in patients treated with infliximab than with cyclosporine [73% vs. 25% (n = 26 and 24); p < .001].
PachecoSander8208
Navoximod in vivo
Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are biphasic tumors accounting for 0.3-1.5% of all breast tumors. Epithelial membrane proteins (EMPs) have been reported in various malignant tumors but their expression in PTs is unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression of EMP1, EMP2, and EMP3 in breast phyllodes tumors (PTs), and to investigate their clinical implications.
In tot
CooneyJessen6698
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03). Serotypes 14, 18C, 9V and 6B, which were identified before vaccination, never colonized afterwards. Number of siblings and having sibling with older age of five were determined to be significant effective factors for SP colonization presence after vaccination and antibiotic use was negatively associated with pneumococcal carriage but associated with penicillin non-susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS Nasopharyngeal carriage
PoulsenMorales3881
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The host receptor for SARS-CoV-2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), is highly expressed in small intestine. Our aim was to study colonic ACE2 expression in Crohn’s disease (CD) and non-inflammatory bowel disease (non-IBD) controls. We hypothesized that the colonic expression levels of ACE2 impacts CD course.
We examined the expression of colon
PilegaardSchwarz1545
In today’s fast-paced world, innovation is key, and BackpackBoyz Disposable is a shining example of how the cannabis industry is evolving to meet the needs of modern consumers. With a commitment to high-quality products, ease of use, and convenience, BackpackBoyz Disposable vape pens have become a popular choice for enthusiasts and casual users alike. Here’s a closer look at why BackpackBoyz Disposable products are gaining so much attention and how they are transforming the way people experience
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Kids’ bunk beds with steps are a perfect blend of safety, style, and practicality. They’re an excellent alternative to ladders for young children and can help save bedroom space.
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The issues mentioned above merit consideration in China’s future law revisions and judicial practice. In China and other societies where gender inequality remains high, it is recommended to regulate sexual harassment as a form of discrimination and to set clear compliance standards for employers in preventing and correcting sexual harassment.
The issues mentioned above merit considerati
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How Does the ADHD in Adults Test Work?
To determine if an individual is suffering from ADHD, a physician will review the person’s health and development history going back to childhood, their family and work lives. The doctor might also ask important people who are in the life of the person to complete a symptom-rating scale and then di
NicolaisenFuentes8693
Vismodegib in vivo
VPA treatment was delivered for the generalized or intractable partial seizures at standard dosage. No patient experienced hepatic toxicity following VPA exposure. DNA sequencing data showed no patient had either a homozygous mutation or compound heterozygous mutation of POLG. Single heterozygous mutations of c.1150G>T and p.D384Y were found in 2 patients, and single heterozygous mutation of c.156_158dupGCA w
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Research shows that concussions cause long-term deficits in executive functions when tested using challenging tasks with high cognitive load. The neurophysiological mechanism(s) associated with executive dysfunction are not well understood. Pupillometry provides a non-invasive index of arousal and cognitive load; therefore, the current study investigated whether pupillometry could help explain the persi
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ProtosappaninB
SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE This is the first reported case of using rapid micro-induction as a bridge to initiate BUP-XR. By reducing the length of induction to 4 days and minimizing withdrawal, this induction method can make BUP-XR more accessible to patients who would otherwise refuse the medication due to concerns of enduring withdrawal. (Am J Addict 2020;0000-00). © 2020 American Academy of Addiction Psychia
PowerDowney8325
RGDyK
Estrogen (E2) deficiency has been related to uterine metabolic dysfunction, which could be accompanied by infertility in the reproductive ages. Despite having adverse effects, estrogen replacement therapy is considered the fundamental treatment strategy for this problem. The current study sought to determine the palliative effects of quercetin (Q) and vitamin E (Vit.E) on some of the uterine’s metabolism-related factors
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When the sun is scorching, your seat is burning hot, or when the cold snap hits the cold snap, you can start your vehicle remotely by pressing the button on your key fob.
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Gas safety certificates are required by law for all rental properties. These inspections allow tenants to occupy the rental property with confidence knowing that it has met all safety standards.
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65-0.91, P=0.002). Non-inferiority between carbetocin and Syntometrine was not shown. Use of Syntometrine reduced non-drug PPH treatments compared with oxytocin (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.42-0.97) but not carbetocin (P=0.64). Rates of PPH and blood transfusion were not different. Syntometrine was associated with an increase in maternal adverse effects and reduced ability of the mother to bond with her ba
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Daratumumab
Accordingly, the design conditions for the gains of event-triggered dynamic output feedback (DOF) controllers and the parameters of decentralized event-triggering mechanisms (DETMs) are presented. Finally, simulations for verifying the system stability with and without cyber attacks are given.To deal with the coordination problem for multi-manipulator trajectory tracking systems with parametric uncertainties, this p
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The Importance of a Gas Safety Check
Gas safety checks are an important way to verify that the gas appliances within the building are functioning correctly. This service is vital and can prevent carbon monoxide poisoning, fires and explosions, and save lives. Only a Gas Safe registered engineer c
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5. In addition, the column resulted in baseline separation of all the peptides with very good resolution, enhanced peak capacity, and better retention time span.The most common method for RNA detection involves reverse transcription followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis. Commercial one-step master mixes-which include both a reverse transcriptase and a thermostable polymera
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We highlight significant differences between the sexes in the natural history of cardiovascular disease, including those disease entities that are more common in women, such as sudden coronary artery dissection or microvascular dysfunction. Given the rapidly rising incidence of maternal cardiovascular disease and associated complications, special consideration is given to the risk
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The metalloporphyrin ligand bearing incorporated anion-exchanger fragment, 5-[4-(3-trimethylammonium)propyloxyphenyl]-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrinate of Co(II) chloride, CoTPP-N, has been tested as anion-selective ionophore in PVC-based solvent polymeric membrane sensors. A plausible sensor working mechanism includes the axial coordination of the target anion on ionophore metal center followed by the formed
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Adolescent SSB consumption during adolescence also altered the gut microbiome, including elevated abundance of two species in the genus Parabacteroides (P. distasonis and P. johnsonii) that were negatively correlated with hippocampal function. Transferred enrichment of these specific bacterial taxa in adolescent rats impaired hippocampal-dependent memory during adulthood. Hippocampus transcriptome analys
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Installing a Conservatory Wood Burner
A conservatory wood burner is a fantastic way to heat your conservatory and it’s less expensive than electric or underfloor heating heaters. need to choose the correct watts for your conservatory, and make sure that it complies with the building regulations.
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A total of 50 out of 150 papers was included. Based on the current body if evidence, hADMs appear to bring several advantages, such as protection of deep structures (eg, tendons, bones, cartilage and nerves); stimulation of a functional new dermis (rather than a scar); reduction of wound closure time; control of pain and exudate. Finally, hADMs may represent the best treatment option for hard-to-heal wound not
GallegosRubin2699
MK-5108
In Gaza, 2 million people have been affected by more than 13 years of strict land, air, and sea blockades and three wars, during which over 4000 people have been killed and many more have been injured. Additional severe effects have been seen on lives, aspirations, and prospects. Given the conditions, medical students have many competing reasons for and against studying medicine abroad. We investigated motives, acade
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Oscillometric noninvasive blood pressure and/or invasive intra-arterial blood pressure are commonly used to measure the systolic, diastolic, and mean components of blood pressure. Agreement between the two methods has been reported in adults, children, and infants, but rarely in neonates, especially under general anesthesia.
This retrospective study compared the agre
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Conclusion The integrated pathway analysis indicated the role of these genes in important physiological responses, such as cell cycle regulation, WNT, hedgehog, MAPK, and calcium signaling pathways during colorectal cancer. These pathways are involved in cell proliferation, chemotaxis, cellular growth, differentiation, tissue patterning, and cytokine production. The study shows the regulatory role of these gen
OverbyGravesen5567
Gossypol
These findings advance our understanding of the foundational wiring principles of the mammalian connectome.Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors bear great promise for application in optoelectronic devices, but the low diffusivity of excitons stands as a notable challenge for device development. Here, we demonstrate that the diffusivity of excitons in monolayer MoS2 can be improved from 1.5 ± 0.5 to 22.5 ± 2.5 square centim
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LG refrigerators are packed with innovative features. Some of them include a Door-in-Door-panel that turns transparent with two knocks to give you an instant look inside the fridge without opening it and letting air cool out.
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在香港， 許多公司有開始意識到的意義seo.hong kong seo提供各種服務，包括關鍵字研究，內容創建，網站優化等只是幫助公司改善他們的排名搜尋引擎例如Google。這些服務是不限進行簡單的技術優化，但此外包括對市場趨勢和用戶行為的分析，進一步增強總體表現這網站。
香港SEO專家通常使用各種各樣SEO查詢和分析工具確保他們的策略將基於數據驅動的決策。例如，他們可能利用Google SEO檢查工具判斷表演關於網站，
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Crenolanib in vitro
Combat exposure has been linked to increased risk of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and death by suicide, and suicidality has been linked with altered testosterone levels. In this study, we examined morning baseline free and total testosterone levels and the effect of dexamethasone administration on testosterone levels in male combat veterans with or without a history of suicide attempt. Demog
LamontMoser9342
ATI-450
Although, cannabis users call these substances “cannabis”, synthetic cannabinoids have different pharmacological properties, which make them dangerous substances leading to more serious complications. Physicians dealing with cannabis users should be aware of these differences between vegetal cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids.Novel insight into suicidal behavior. This article presents four short examples of new insigh
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553% ± 3.312%, 12.588% ± 3.538%, 12.355% ± 3.352%, 13.075 ± 2.258%, 5.552 ± 3.275%, and 2.600 ± 0.521%, respectively, indicating that mucosal tissues (skin, gills, and gut) contained a high ratio of IgT+ B cells. Accordingly, the high protein levels of IgT were also detected in these mucosal tissues, suggesting that IgT may play a role in mucosal immunity in large yellow croaker. Taken together, our data demonstrated t
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1%); and 5. septic pulmonary thromboemboli (1/14, 7.1%). Pulmonary thrombi in mid-sized arteries were noted in 5 of 14 (35.7%) patients, causing pulmonary infarction and/or pulmonary hemorrhage. All patients had evidence of chronic cardiac disease, including myocardial hypertrophy (13/14, 92.9%), mild to marked coronary artery atherosclerosis (14/14, 100%) and focal myocardial fibrosis (3/14, 21.4%). Acute myocardial
McCurdyNorton8101
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The National Institute on Drug Abuse and Joint Institute for Biological Sciences at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory hosted a meeting attended by a diverse group of scientists with expertise in substance use disorders (SUDs), computational biology, and FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability) data sharing. The meeting’s objective was to discuss and evaluate better strategies to integ
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Automated Drug Supplying and management System (ADS) are effective devices that secure drug’s circuit and reduce hospital’s expenses. The purposes of this study are to estimate the earnings made from ADS through a cost-benefit medical economic study, to highlight its impact on Central Chemotherapy Preparation Unit’s (CCPU) global organization, its ergonomy and staff’s satisfa
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