Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
77,284 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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erms of these two issues, thereby improving the health of themselves and their children, and ultimately, community health.
The Internet has drastically affected human behavior, and it has positive and negative effects; however, its excessive usage exposes users to internet addiction. The diagnosis of students’ mental dysfunction is vital to monitor their academic progress and success by preventing
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Dietary fats may affect blood lipid levels and the development of cardiovascular diseases. Offal, may contribute to food security in marginalised communities and information on the contribution to dietary fat intake is needed to inform dietary guidelines and recommendations and consumers. This study aimed to describe the fatty acid profile, cholesterol content and indexes of lipid qual
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Defective stress erythropoiesis was evident in Blvrb-/- spleens and in bone marrow erythroid development, occurring in conjunction with defective lipid peroxidation as a marker of oxidant mishandling. Cell autonomous effects on megakaryocyte lineage bias were documented using multipotential progenitor assays. These data provide the first physiological function of murine Blvrb in a non-redundant pathway of stress cytop
AshworthMcgowan6633
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Vitamin C is an essential water-soluble nutrient that functions as a key antioxidant and has been proven to be effective for boosting immunity. In this study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of adding high-dose intravenous vitamin C (HDIVC) to the regimens for patients with severe COVID-19 disease.
An open-label, randomized, and controlled trial was conducted on patients with severe
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95%), MET (n = 14, 0.81%), HER2 (n = 47, 2.72%), HRAS (n = 3, 0.17%), and other genes(n = 232, 13.4%). Females expressed 55.38% vs. males 44.62% mutations. Among subjects with known smoking histories, 32.82% smokers, 67.15% non-smokers were observed. Generally, 51.80% patients were above 60 years vs. 48.20% in younger patients. Pathological types found includes LUADs 71.11%, SQCCs 1.68%, ASC 0
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Rheumatoid arthritis is a multisystemic in˜flammatory disease. Lungs are the commonest site of extra-articular involvement. Rheumatoid lung nodules occur infrequently and can undergo necrosis giving rise to necrobiotic lung nodules. Infections, malignancy and granulomatosis with polyangiitis are more common causes of cavitating lung nodules. Presence of rheumatoid factor, history of smoking and use of methotrexate increas
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With the present study, the number of Ixodes species in Brazil increases from 9 to 12. We propose a new identification key for females and males of Ixodes species currently recognized in Brazil. BACKGROUND “f” antigen is a compound antigen in Rh blood group system. Anti f has haemolytic potential as described in literature. Its occurrence in an infant as autoantibody with another blood group system ie Jka is very rare. Case rep
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StenderWillard1342
Selleck PF-4708671
To investigate the value of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighed magnetic resonance imaging (IVIM-DWI) in discriminating the pathological grades of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC).
Thirty-seven HC patients were enrolled and received routine and advanced DWI scanning with multiple b-values. IVIM-DWI images were obtained using echo-planar imaging sequence.
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PilgaardStrauss0243
SKF-34288
Copyright © 2020 Li, Wang and Xie.Working memory (WM) performance varies substantially among individuals but the precise contribution of different WM component processes to these functional limits remains unclear. By analyzing different types of responses in a spatial WM task, we recently demonstrated a functional dissociation between confident and not-confident errors reflecting failures of WM encoding an
CohenAndresen1805
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Environmental and ecological risk assessments are defined as the process for evaluating the likelihood that the environment may be impacted as a result of exposure to stressors. Although this definition implies the calculation of probabilities, risk assessments traditionally rely on nonprobabilistic methods such as calculation of a risk quotient. Bayesian network (BN) models are a tool for probabilistic and ca
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Furthermore, the dynamic gas treatment results showed that the respective activated carbon can successfully treat gaseous toluene under varying gas flow rates, gas concentrations and activated carbon bed depths. An increase in the carbon bed depth and decrease in toluene gas concentration and/or flow rate, yielded higher breakthrough time (BT) and exhaustion time (ET) values. Adsorption modeling employing th
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rophylactic negative pressure wound dressings for closed emergency laparotomy incisions were associated with a significant reduction in surgical site infections, wound breakdown, and overall wound complications, thus supporting its clinical use.
Cancer is a major public health problem in Algeria. The aim of this article was to estimate trends in cancer incidence in Oran, Algeria, ov
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Inflammatory biomarkers and inflammatory indexes demonstrated marked heterogeneity among patients, and were significantly higher in non-responders (e.g., CRP (p less then 0.001), ANC (p = 0.002), and PCM (p less then 0.001)). Change in whole-body tumor burden after two cycles of PRRT was significantly associated with CRP (p = 0.0157) and NLR (p = 0.0040) in multivariate regression analysis. A cut-off of 2.5 mg/L for CRP (AU
VilstrupPruitt3925
selleck
Based on the limited reports of REE effects, the review highlights the need for more detailed studies on the hormetic effects of REEs. Aquatic biota is a cheap, robust, and efficient platform to study REEs’ toxicity, mobility of REEs, and biomagnification in water bodies. REEs’ diverse effects on aquatic life forms have been observed due to the lack of safety limits and extensive use in the various sectors. In accordance wit
RosendahlCamp1868
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Activities that decrease autonomic drive or rebalance autonomic and parasympathetic tone such as vagal stimulation might be pursued as effective interventions for people with FM. PERSPECTIVE This article presents evidence of preservation of neural circuitry that underpins response suppression and evidence of neural circuit disturbance mediated by autonomic drive-in people with FM. These results are impo
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To assess the effects of hearing rehabilitation with cochlear implants on a subset of cognitive domains in older patients (≥65 yr).
Prospective observational study.
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main.
Patients aged between 65 and 86 years who have received u
OlsonShelton2484
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在當今數字化時代，搜尋引擎正在變成鑰匙手段人們查找信息，產品和服務。一點和中型企業，你可能有實現如何伸出來在網站定位當你看著激烈的競爭市場。這是任務我們的公司 – 螺旋您的業務意識到搜索引擎營銷（SEO），改善排名搜索結果，吸引更多潛在的前景並增加業務收入。
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VaughnMiles2956
ABBV-CLS-484
To investigate the effect of the degree of displacement of a femoral shaft fracture with the third fragment on fracture healing after intramedullary nailing.
In total, 216 patients with closed comminuted femoral fracture admitted to Lianyungang Hospital affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University from February 2010 to February 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Among these pati
GravesLudvigsen6963
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Background The effect of metformin on the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) requires confirmation. This retrospective cohort study compared the incidence of hospitalization for AF in ever and never users of metformin. Methods Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus during 1999-2005 were enrolled from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database. Analyses were conducted in both an unmatched cohort of 173,398 ev
EhlersMalmberg9252
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在電流中數字時代，SEO（SEO）（搜索引擎優化）已經變成了一個極其重要的組成部分在線營銷。通過有效的SEO策略，公司可以改善他們的網站排名搜尋引擎例如Google，從而吸引更多潛在客戶。中心提供裁縫製作答案與需要與本地市場。SEO服務提供這些業務包括網站優化，關鍵字研究，文章營銷和反向連接構造提升可見性這網站。
以及基本SEO優化，香港SEO專家甚至會充分帳戶特殊需求例如外貿SEO和英語SEO只是幫助公司成功國際市場。隨著行業競爭的加強，很多公司有開始尋求專業SEO服務增強他們的品牌形象和市場份額。這些服務是不限傳統搜索引擎優化，但是也包括社交網絡促銷和SEM（搜索引擎營銷）全面增強在線的感覺企業的存在。
在這個領域，這是至關重要的知道幾種類型SEO工具真的是利用SEO查詢工具或進行網站SEO，
CaspersenTimmons5626
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The first phase of this study aimed to evaluate the environmental impact of combined sewer overflow (CSO) events originated from 35 spillways on the Rio Vallescura catchment (Central Italy) and to understand their contribution to the deterioration of the coastal bathing water quality. A specific analytical campaign was carried out in the sewer system and a dynamic rainfall-runoff simulation model was developed and integra
DickersonChappell6430
Tezacaftor
RESULTS A total of 101 articles were identified on initial search query. After full-text review and final screening of all articles and review of included studies’ references, 28 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. CONCLUSION There continues to be a substantial need for evidence-based guidelines in the plastic surgery literature. Mitigating postoperative pain can improve health-related quality of life,
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Selleck Autophinib
Patients with combined AI and HI had the worst survivorship free from dislocation at 2, 5, and 10 years (77%, 68%, and 55%), respectively. In contrast, patients with neither HI nor AI experienced zero dislocations. There were no failures associated with bearing wear. CONCLUSION Off-the-shelf tripolar articulations were associated with reasonable survival at midterm follow-up. In patients with both AI and HI, t
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Recent progress in targeted interrogation of basal ganglia structures and networks with deep brain stimulation in humans has provided insights into the complex functions the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Beyond the traditional role of the STN in modulating motor function, recognition of its role in cognition was initially fueled by side effects seen with STN DBS and later revealed with behavioral and electrophysiological stu
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The results showed distinct metabolic profiles of urine samples not only between CHD patients and healthy controls, but also between the two subtypes of CHD. Pathway analysis of the significantly varied metabolites revealed that there were subtype-related differences in the activity of pathways. Therefore, urinary metabolomics can reveal the pathological changes of CHD in different subtypes, make the diagnosis of CHD i
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ABR-238901
resources for better understanding changes in transcriptomics and human diseases. They are also potentially useful for studying cell-cell interactions in the tissue microenvironment. Bulk level analyses neglect tissue heterogeneity, however, and hinder investigation of a cell-type-specific expression. The CDSeqR package may aid in silico dissection of bulk expression data, enabling researchers to recover cell-type-spe
McCarthyMadden3677
Cl-amidine nmr
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of chronic hyperglycemia driven by insulin deficiency or resistance, imposing a significant global burden affecting 463 million people worldwide in 2019. This review has comprehensively summarized the application of nanomedicine with accurate, patient-friendly, real-time properties in the field of diabetes diagnosis and monitoring, and em
HartvigSanders2335
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We analyzed the effects of a single 14-day course of teplizumab treatment on metabolic function and immune cells among participants in a previously reported randomized controlled trial of nondiabetic relatives at high risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D). In an extended follow-up (923-day median) of a previous report of teplizumab treatment, we found that the median times to diagnosis were 59.6 and 27.1 month
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Activation of hypothalamic-pituitary axes during puberty combined with genetic and epigenetic molecular determinants, together with stromal fibroblasts, extracellular matrix, and immune signalling factors in the mammary gland, act in concert to drive breast development and the relative abundance of different cell types in the adult breast. Here, we discuss the key cellular and molecular mechanisms throug
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It is shown that the proposed multiscale modeling approach can generate a higher resolution of stress and strain field distributions within the coronary atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque system and allow the assessment of the local concentration stress around the microcalcifications in plaque cap layers. A comparison of stress field distributions within cap layers with and without inclusion of microcalcifications is also
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