Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
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rtionally increases the risk of the typical cancers of childhood to around the same level.This study sought to examine the active stiffness of semitendinosus (ST) and biceps femoris long head (BFlh) during a knee flexor isometric contraction at 20% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction until failure in elite footballers (n=50, age 22.3±5.3 years; height 1.82±0.08 m; body mass 74.7±9.0 kg). Active stiffness
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Ovarian carcinoma is one of the major causes of gynecological cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the association of CYP1 family polymorphism with the risk of ovarian carcinoma and chemotherapy resistance. Positive selection was detected among human CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP1B1, and other species. Several positive sites were detected by site models and brach-site models. Meta-analysis was conducted for the sit
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Choosing a Double Glazing Installation Near Me
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A genuine leather sofa is a visually appealing addition to any space. The natural imperfections and variations of color are a major draw for people looking to buy leather furniture. You should always inspect the leather prior to buying the sofa.
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MNTI is a rare tumor of indeterminate histogenesis and molecular signature. We performed methylation and copy number variation (CNV) profiles in patients with MNTI (n = 7) and PAT (n = 1) compared to the methylation brain tumor classifier v11b4 (BT-C) and the medulloblastoma (MB) classifier group 3/4 v1.0 (MB3/4-C). The patients’ mean age was 8 months (range 4-48). The BT-C classified five MNTIs and one PAT (relapse)
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牽頭式債務舒緩計劃又稱綜合債務舒緩計劃，其實與債務舒緩計劃相似，同樣無需經過法庭程序，無需律師或會計師參與，可節省堂費、律師費等高額開支，亦能保持高私隱度。他們最大的相異之處，就是債務人只需向最大債權人（即牽頭銀行）協商，討論新的還款方案。因為無需與所有債權人逐個安排談判，申請手續得以簡化。
市面上有不少提供債務重組服務的機構，例如香港債務重組協會、盈富專業方案事務所等等，服務範圍覆蓋卡數、銀行個人貸款、金融公司貸款、高利息貸款、信用社貸款、學生助學貸款、稅收等等。
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This produces decadal changes in EKE, with a similar pattern than that of strong EP El Niño events, resulting in a significant negative (positive) long-term trend off Peru (central Chile).Since melanomas often retain wild type p53, we developed an adenoviral vector, AdRGD-PG, which provides robust transduction and transgene expression in response to p53. Previously, this vector was used for inte
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Although health professionals understand the barriers and facilitators of interprofessional teams in the provision of patient care, this study concludes that interprofessional capacity building is needed for successful interprofessional teamwork at a tertiary level public hospital setting.
This study sought to assess the effect o
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The time to first analgesic request was significantly delayed in the TAP block group compared to the wound infiltration group [240 (131, 375) min vs 170 (128, 187) minutes. P = 0.006]. The proportions of patients with NRS score ≤3 at the time of first analgesic requests were significantly more in the TAP b
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The Sawtooth Oak, Quercus acutissima Carruth., is an economically and ecologically important tree species in the family Fagaceae with a wide distribution in China. Here, we examined its intraspecific chloroplast (cp) genome variability using available and a newly sequenced genome. The new cp genome comes from a Q. acutissima individual collected from Shenyang (Northeast China; “Q. acutissima Shenyang”
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The altered interaction between Spa and ribosomes likely results from new contact points for D67 and R83 residues of S14C- with U1138 and C1184 of 16S rRNA helix 34, respectively. Given that M. tuberculosis induces ribosome remodeling during progression from the acute to chronic phase of lung infection, our findings highlight new considerations in the development of Spa as effective drugs against tuberculosis.Although
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While several recent evaluation studies have shown the efficacy of parent training programs for children with neurodevelopmental disorders, manual-based training in German is still scarce. To address this gap, we developed a specific modularized training program for parents of children from preschool to pre-adolescent age with Autism Spectrum Disorder (FETASS). The overarching purpose of the FETASS interve
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Overexpression of miR-30a-5p enhanced the effects of curcumol on cell invasion and migration, and the Hippo signaling pathway in CRC cells. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-30a-5p reversed the effects of curcumol on cell invasion and migration, and the Hippo signaling pathway in CRC cells. These findings identified novel signaling pathways associated with miR-30a-5p and revealed the effects of curcumol on miR-30a-5p ex
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Current guidelines recommending rapid revascularisation of symptomatic carotid stenosis are largely based on data from clinical trials performed at a time when best medical therapy was potentially less effective than today. The risk of stroke and its predictors among patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis awaiting revasculari
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During conflict, children and adolescents are at increased risk of mental health problems and in particular, anxiety and depression. However, mental health screening in conflict settings is problematic and carries risk making the need for fast, easy-to-administer, screening instruments paramount. The shortened version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-25) is one method of rapidl
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Improved observational understanding of urban CO2 emissions, a large and dynamic global source of fossil CO2, can provide essential insights for both carbon cycle science and mitigation decision making. Here we compare three distinct global CO2 emissions inventory representations of urban CO2 emissions for five Middle Eastern cities (Riyadh, Mecca, Tabuk, Jeddah, and Baghdad) and use independent satellite observations from
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The tumor microenvironment (TME) constitutes a complex milieu of cells and cytokines that maintain equilibrium between tumor progression and prognosis. However, comprehensive analysis of the TME and its clinical significance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains to be unreported. In this study, based on large-scale RNA sequencing data pertaining to single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy number varia
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No marked depletion of mtDNA nor mitochondrial mass was caused by the splicing variant. However, defects that the impaired capacity of OXPHOS, reduced ATP generation, increased ROS and decreased membrane potential were observed in the mutant cells, which promoted a ubiquitin-binding mitophagy instead of apoptosis. Conclusions The novel splicing variant, c.1444-2A>C resulted in OPA1 haploinsufficiency
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Purpose To investigate the recurrence rate of Helicobacter pylori infection after eradication in Jiangjin District, Chongqing, China, and to analyze the related causes. Methods Outpatients who were eradicated of H. pylori infection with standard therapy between August 2014 and August 2017 were included in this study. The recurrence rate was investigated 1 year later. Data regarding gender, smoking, alcohol intake, f
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An intra-pancreatic microbiota was recently discovered in several prominent studies. Since pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, and the intratumor microbiome was found to be a significant contributor to carcinogenesis in other cancers, this study aims to characterize the PAAD microbiome and elucidate how it may be associated with PAAD prognosis. We further explored the associati
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Atrial contractile dysfunction contributes to worse prognosis in hypertensive heart disease (HHD), but the role of cardiomyocyte dysfunction in atrial remodelling in HHD is not well understood. We investigated and compared cellular mechanisms of left (LA) and right atrial (RA) contractile dysfunction in pigs with HHD.
In vivo electrophysiological and magnetic res
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Case studies and small series have demonstrated that beverage ethanol may pose a serious poisoning hazard to infants. Intoxicated infants may not present with the classic signs or symptoms of ethanol poisoning. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of beverage ethanol exposures among infants reported to the United States poison control centers.
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Background and purpose To evaluate the feasibility of dose-guided adaptive radiotherapy (ART) based on deformable image registration (DIR) using fractional megavoltage cone-beam CT (MVCBCT) images from Halcyon system that uses identical beams for treatment and imaging and to retrospectively investigate the influence of anatomic changes on target coverage and organ-at-risk (OAR) sparing across various tumor sites. Mat
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牽頭式債務舒緩計劃又稱綜合債務舒緩計劃，其實與債務舒緩計劃相似，同樣無需經過法庭程序，無需律師或會計師參與，可節省堂費、律師費等高額開支，亦能保持高私隱度。他們最大的相異之處，就是債務人只需向最大債權人（即牽頭銀行）協商，討論新的還款方案。因為無需與所有債權人逐個安排談判，申請手續得以簡化。
市面上有不少提供債務重組服務的機構，例如香港債務重組協會、盈富專業方案事務所等等，服務範圍覆蓋卡數、銀行個人貸款、金融公司貸款、高利息貸款、信用社貸款、學生助學貸款、稅收等等。
申請人與牽頭債權人經過洽談，若雙方接受新的還款建議，又獲得其餘債權人的同意，債務人所有債款便將歸納於牽頭債權人下，根據新方案規定的較低的利息，日後債務人只需每月向這個單一債權人定額定息還款，直到還清債項，無需再同時與多個債務人周旋。
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Tau accumulation is a prominent feature in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders and remarkable effort has been expended working out the biochemistry and cell biology of this cytoplasmic protein. Tau’s wayward properties may derive from germline mutations in the case of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-MAPT) but may also be prompted by less understood cues-perhaps environmental or from molecular damage as
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Presbyopia is increasing globally due to aging and the widespread use of visual display terminals. Presbyopia is a decrease in the eye’s amplitude of accommodation (AA) due to loss of crystalline lens elasticity. AA differs widely among individuals. We aimed to determine the factors that cause presbyopia, other than advanced age, for early medical intervention. We examined 95 eyes of 95 healthy volunteers (33 men,
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Promising strategies to prevent food allergy in children with atopic dermatitis include early skincare with emollients and treatment with topical steroid, and early introduction of highly allergenic foods. SUMMARY Further studies are required to identify risk factors for atopic dermatitis to help prevent the development of food allergy in this high-risk population.PURPOSE OF REVIEW The discovery of podosomes in
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Objectives Chronic postoperative pain is prevalent after robot-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy for endometrial cancer. Preoperative Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) has been utilized to identify patients at risk of developing chronic postoperative pain after a range of surgical procedures. The aim of this prospective, observational study was to (1) determine the prevalence of chronic postoperative pain, (2) assess selected preoperative
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Plasma ANXA1 levels indicate an increase in paracrine release in patients with LL.
The data indicate that ANXA1 expression is enhanced in the leukocytes and plasma of patients with LL, and may contribute to the inhibition of leukocyte action, leading to inadequate functioning of the immune system and thus contributing to the spread of M. leprae infection.
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However, these two extensions require high number of repeated measurements to be adjusted correctly. Using human chorionic gonadotropin trajectories after curettage for hydatidiform mole, the standard classification model classified trajectories mainly according to their levels whereas the two extended models classified them according to their patterns, which provided more clinically relevant groups. In conclusion, for studies
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Proper Use and Maintenance of a Wood Heater Stove
A wood stove is an excellent way to warm up your home, and it can also heat the entire home. However, some of these appliances release harmful gases, like creosote, which can be dangerous to your health and property.
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現在數字時代，SEO（SEO）（搜索引擎營銷）已經成長為一個必不可少的組件在線營銷。通過有效的SEO策略，公司可以提升他們網站排名搜尋引擎例如例如Google，從而吸引更多潛在客戶。中心提供裁縫製作方法與需要關於本地市場。SEO服務給出這些公司包括網站優化，關鍵字研究，內容創建和反向連接構造增強可見性與網站。
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The hospitals that perform highly complex procedures, just like those large and special ones, obtained a better performance. Public federal hospitals, with municipal management, also had the best results, as well as hospitals from the Southern and Southwestern regions of the country.
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