Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
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It is important to be aware of certain rules before you drive on French roads if you are an international resident moving to France. You will need to exchange your driving license first.
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Of the 31 patients with brain circulatory activity, 8 (25.8%) were clinically brain dead and 23 (74.2%) were alive. TCD showing brain circulatory collapse had a sensitivity of 89.6%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 74.2%.
TCD is highly specific (100%) and sensitive (89.6%) as a method to confirm the clini
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We have seen good examples of this, such as multi-language helplines and the IOM/GLAA providing information on workers’ rights in some languages. We would like to see this provision extended (for example, offering information in Central Asian languages). As discussed in Chapter 2, there is no English language requirement on this scheme although some scheme operators have their own rules around language (for example requiring Russia
DorseyParrish8111
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tate the identification of anaerobic and unculturable bacteria. These findings are planned to pave the way for further research to determine the role of each bacterial species/strain in the insect ecology, as well as in antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities. Copyright © 2020 Maleki-Ravasan, Ahmadi, Soroushzadeh, Raz, Zakeri and Dinparast Djadid.Lake Chaohu, one of the five larges
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Elevated inflammatory signaling has been shown to play an important role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We previously developed a new anti-inflammatory compound LG4. In the present study, we have tested the hypothesis that LG4 could prevent DKD by suppressing inflammation and identified the underlying mechanism.
Streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice were used to
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01-0.07; P = .011) and the odds ratio of fracture was 0.94 (95% CI, 0.91-0.98; P = .003). The associations persisted with similar magnitude after adjustment for height. The association was consistent for fracture but not for eBMD after excluding genetic instruments that might directly influence these outcomes. The association between IGF-1 and fracture was somewhat attenuated after adjustment for eBMD (odds ratio 0.9
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in English, Russian Описаны два сложившихся на сегодняшний день в судебной медицине подхода к эргометрической оценке силы удара, повлекшего перелом черепа. В рамках каждого из них анализируются особенности частных методик, типичные экспертные ошибки, пути и способы их предотвращения. Представлены количественные данные о вкладе различных исходных параметров (вид перелома, возраст, толщина кости, радиус кривизны черепа, масс
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EV extracellular vesicle; PRISM PRogramming of Intergenerational Stress Mechanisms pregnancy cohort; LSCR Life Stressor Checklist-Revised survey; NLE negative life event; CRISYS-R Crisis in Family Systems-Revised survey; KEGG Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes; NYC New York City; SD standard deviation; IQR interquartile range; Cq relative cycle threshold values; PCA principal component analysis.Obj
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To evaluate the results of ultrasonography-guided hydrostatic reduction in primary and recurrent ileo-colic intussusception in children.
The children (<18 years of age) who were managed for ileocolic intussusception between January
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Double glazing is a great option to reduce your energy bills and keep your home warm. It could be a wise investment.
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Results Among 550 pregnant women surveyed, 347 (63.1%) of the pregnant women slept under a long-lasting insecticidal net the night before the survey. Urban residence (OR [95% CI] = 1.9 [1.22-3.01]), family size of 3-5 and >5 (2.8 [1.53-5.22] and 2.4 [1.20-5.03], respectively), and history of malaria during their current pregnancy (3.0 [1.95-4.86]) were found to be the factor
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P2X7 receptors are ion-gated channels activated by ATP. Under pathological conditions, the extensive release of ATP induces sustained P2X7 receptor activation, culminating in induction of proinflammatory pathways with inflammasome assembly and cytokine release. These inflammatory conditions, whether occurring peripherally or in the central nervous system (CNS), increase blood-brain-barrier (B
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How Much Does a Driving License Cost in 2024?
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Juvenile hormone (JH) plays important roles in almost every aspect of insect development and reproduction. JHs are a group of acyclic sesquiterpenoids, and their farnesol backbone has been chemically modified to generate a homologous series of hormones in some insect lineages. JH III (methyl farnesoate, 10,11-epoxide) is the most common JH in insects, but Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) and ‘higher’ Diptera
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The emerged resistance in Typhoidal Salmonella has limited the treatment options for typhoid fever. In this scenario, there is a need to find alternate treatment modalities against this pathogen. Amongst the therapeutic agents currently being used to treat enteric fever, quinolones have enjoyed considerable success since past three decades. These drugs act upon DNA gyrase and the acquired resistance is due to mutations
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Relaxor ferroelectrics, which can exhibit exceptional electromechanical coupling, are some of the most important functional materials, with applications ranging from ultrasound imaging to actuators. Since their discovery, their complex nanoscale chemical and structural heterogeneity has made the origins of their electromechanical properties extremely difficult to understand. Here, we employ aberration-corrected scanning trans
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Studies investigating postural orientation in uninjured youth athletes are scarce. Understanding how postural orientation during functional performance tests change with age in uninjured athletes has the potential to enhance awareness of changes in performance after injury and to set realistic goals for injured athletes. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore postural orientation during functional tasks a
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This study represents the first step of a wider study aimed at enhancing knowledge about air fungal contamination.Physical activity is recognised as a major health determinant, with positive effects on health, environmental sustainability and economy. National surveillance data show that one out of three Italians – adult and elderly alike – declares to be sedentary, with a progressively increasing trend. From the ur
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Preoperative diagnosis of cholecystocolonic fistula (CCF) is difficult and the contribution of gallbladder cancer or colon cancer is unclear when there is associated malignancy. We present a case that was diagnosed with acute cholecystitis associated with CCF by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) preoperatively and malignant neoplasm during emergency surgery. She was finally diagnosed with gallbladder
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Conclusively, our findings demonstrated that NOT could arrest osteoclastogenesis and bone resorptive activity by attenuating RANKL-mediated MAPK, NF-κB, calcium and NFATc1 signaling transduction pathways and enhancing ROS scavenging enzymes in Nrf2/Keap1/ARE pathways in vitro, and prohibit bone loss induced by OVX in vivo. Taken together, NOT may be identified to be a natural and novel treatment for osteolytic
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