Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
100,906 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Bariatric surgery affects the quantity of food individuals can eat, yet some individuals still experience loss of control (LOC) while eating. This cross-sectional study examined a new classification system for binge/LOC eating following bariatric surgery.
A total of 168 individuals who underwent bariatric surgery 6 months earlier and reported LOC eating were administered the Eatin
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The aim of the study was to assess the factors associated with mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. The study design is a retrospective cohort. The population consisted of 323 HIV-positive mothers and their newborns, attended at the Perinatal Nucleus/HUPE-UERJ, municipality of Rio de Janeiro, in the period of 2007-2018. The average age of mothers was 27 years (14-44), with 12.7% (41) of ado
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L. is the largest genus of the family Lamiaceae, which includes approximately 1000 species. According to recent studies, 100 Salvia species in total grow in Turkey. At the same time, 53% of them are endemic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic relationships among 15
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Background In knee osteoarthritis (OA), there is more pronounced cartilage damage in the medial compartment (‘lesion zone’) than the lateral compartment (‘remote zone’). This study fills a gap in the literature by conducting a systematic comparison of cartilage and chondrocyte characteristics from these two zones. It also investigates whether chondrocytes from the different zones respond distinctly to changes in the phys
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The development of three-dimensional aperiodic energy storage devices is in part impeded by the lack of appropriate aperiodic templates that can withstand the thermal conditions required to deposit energy storage materials within their void space. Herein, the feasibility of an aperiodic three-dimensional architecture for energy storage is demonstrated for the first time by constructing a tricontinuous conductor-insulator-
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ADHD in Adult Women Symptoms
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With this aim in mind, we review the 12 currently available paediatric RHI studies, and summarise their key methodological choices and conceptual definitions. We highlight a number of important discrepancies, particularly where seemingly equivalent analysis choices might significantly affect the interpretation of results, and make recommendations for future studies. We hope this will allow this important and emerging fi
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Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a widely-reported oncogene in many human cancers, but its role in the peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) has yet to be studied. The expression level of STAT3 in GC patient tissues was assessed. Stable shRNA knockdown (KD) of STAT3 was established in GC cell line AGS, followed by examination of its effect on AGC cell viability and prolif
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The 95th-percentile HQ for girls (3.16) and boys (3.18) from the consumption of lake trout was relatively high, and to a lesser extent, so was the HQ for walleye and pike. The consumption of some species of fish increases the exposure to methylmercury, however, taking a balanced approach, there are health benefits associated with the consumption of fish that must be considered. To mitigate fu
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In this paper, we present the data set of surface electromyography (sEMG) and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) against human muscle activity during routine activities. The Myo Thalamic Armband is used to acquire the signals from muscles below the elbow. The dataset comprises of raw sEMG, accelerometer, gyro and derived orientation signals for four different activities. The four activities, which are selected f
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To determine if an individual is suffering from ADHD, a physician will review the person’s health and development history dating back to childhood, as well as their work and family life. The doctor will also request important people in the person’s family to fill out an assessment scale of symptoms and t
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