Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
101,787 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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We observed a reduction in intraoperative opioid administration over time, with variability in dose ranging between sexes and by procedure type. Furthermore, there was substantial variability in opioid use between institutions even when adjusting for multiple variables.
We observed a r
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To evaluate the interaction between NAc cannabinoidergic system and morphine, the noneffective dose of ACPA and AM-251 were administered with a noneffective dose of morphine (0.75 mg/kg) on both MS and SN animals. Obtained results indicated that MS groups had a leftward shift in the rewarding effect of morphine and conditioned with low doses of morphine. However, they had a rightward shift in the rewarding e
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Using the mathematical model of drug-α-glucosidase interaction, the drug-α-glucosidase binding kinetic characteristic curves of ECG in different administration processes were obtained, which indirectly proved that the synergistic effect of multi-component combination of traditional Chinese medicine and the clinical characteristics of repeat administration were scientific and reasonable.The present study aim
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y CMR imaging as a diagnostic tool in the investigation of patients with MINOCA. (Stockholm Myocardial Infarction With Normal Coronaries [SMINC]-2 Study on Diagnosis Made by Cardiac MRI [SCMINC-2]; NCT02318498).
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Based on the data generated in this study, we propose that combination therapy with drugs that work synergistically against conserved and unique targets can help increase efficacy and lower the usage of antibiotics for treating bacterial infections. However, these data need further validations in animal models of infection.
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It is important to have a wide perspective to provide appropriate medical care for the oldest-old individuals. In terms of daily clinical practice, polypharmacy is an important factor that affects cognitive decline in older adults. The neuropathologic changes of dementia in the oldest-old individuals are associated with Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy body disease, cerebrovascular disease, primary age-related tauopat
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The first step towards becoming a fully-fledged driver on a motorcycle is to get an A1 license. It offers more training and enhanced riding privileges.
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Thus, we observed a phenotypic plasticity between both subspecies, which did not correspond with a real genotypic variability nor different environmental or ecological conditions. Basing on these results, we could consider that there are no solid arguments to consider these two ‘morphosubspecies’ as two different taxa. We propose that C. b. boisseauorum should be considered as a junior synonym of C. a. allani.OBJECTIVE To d
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Background To determine the lung function of children admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for a severe asthma exacerbation in the medium- to long-term following hospital discharge. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of children ≥6 years of age admitted to the ICU for a severe asthma exacerbation at a tertiary care center from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2013. Lung function was ascertained dur
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The process of buying trike licenses can be difficult. There are a variety of options. Here are some things to think about before buying trikes.
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The synthetic techniques that we developed could also be extended to the preparation of other Stemona alkaloids.This study reports the association of ICS use and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Swedish patients with COPD using data from real-world, primary care settings. A total of 7078 patients with COPD were included in this analysis and the 5-year cumulative incidence rate per 100,00
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How to Go About Repairing Double Glazing Windows
Double glazing windows often come with warranties that protect them for up to 20 years. If you find a problem it’s worth checking with the company you bought them from to see what their policy on repairs.
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How to Select the Best Home Professional Oven
Ovens let you bake or roast your culinary creations. There are a variety of ovens, each with their unique features, settings, and advantages.
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© 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.The dimensions that explain which societal groups cooperate more with which other groups remain unclear. We predicted that perceived similarity in agency/socioeconomic success and conservative-progressive beliefs increases cooperation across groups. Self-identified members (N = 583) of 30 society-representative U.S. groups (gays, Muslims, Blacks, upper class, women, Dem
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Types of Ovens
Hobs are the heart of any kitchen, whether you’re cooking an kettle or roasting a chicken. There are many different designs and sizes to choose from and different hob styles that include electric, ceramic domino, and electric.
Electric hobs have smooth surfaces and are easy to clean, but they take a while to warm up or co
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打鼓 是現代音樂中不可或缺的一部分，負責提供節奏和動感，無論是在流行音樂、搖滾還是爵士樂中，鼓的存在都至關重要。以下是新手應該掌握的基本知識：
節拍與時間感：鼓的主要功能是穩定樂曲的節奏，因此學習基本的拍點（如4/4拍、6/8拍）是每個鼓手的第一步。
基本鼓組結構：了解鼓組的各部分，包括軍鼓（Snare Drum）、底鼓（Bass Drum）、嗵鼓（Tom）以及踩銅（Hi-Hat）和其他配件，是學習 打鼓 的基礎。
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爵士鼓 的魅力在於其多樣性與自由度，是即興演奏的核心之一。以下是 爵
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CS2 Case Battles
CS2 Case Battles are an exciting and fun way to add excitement to your CSGO Experience. These competitions can take on various forms, including contests between participants and one-on-one challenges.
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This review examines vascular responses in the ocular surface to contact lens wear and its relation to lens fitting characteristics and contact lens-related discomfort. A search of PubMed was performed to find original research in English, within the past 10 years, that studied the ocular surface, including lid-wiper vascular responses to the lens. The interaction between the lens and ocular surface tri
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The PS-OCT images showed a gradual decrease in birefringence from normal tissue to advanced tumor tissue. The quantitative analysis provided a more detailed comparison among different stages of the rabbit laryngeal tumor model, which was validated by the corresponding histological findings.
Differences in tissue birefringence was evaluated by PS-OCT phase retardation m
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This is the first report of the ternary mixture of phenolic acid-flavonol-anthocyanin which could be used as promising food red-colorants. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.High-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has proven to be a valuable tool to analyze petroleum products but has never acquired widespread acceptance in routine work in oil refinery due to the high cost. The advent of compact, reliabl
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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among elderly patients especially for patients in ICU. Previous studies revealed the impact of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) on predicting onset of AF. However, the prognostic value of RDW in critically ill patients with AF remains largely unknown. Thus, this study aims to explore the potential value on predicting in- and out-of-hospital
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4mm [±6.7] and 59.8mm [±8.1], p<0.001). There were no differences in the frequencies of death from any cause, re-hospitalization for any cause, stroke, or thromboembolic events. Compared to women with PPCM-noHTN, women with PPCM-PE had a greater likelihood of left ventricular recovery (LVEF≥50%) (adjusted OR 2.08 95% CI 1.21-3.57) and an adverse neonatal outcome (composite of termination, miscarriage, low birth
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The potential benefits of keeping Zebu cattle in silvopastoral systems are well described in tropical regions. In order to obtain information on European breeds of beef cattle (Bos taurus taurus) in temperate climate zones, individual records of body weight and welfare indicators were obtained from 130 beef cattle. These belonged to four herds and were randomly allocated to two contiguous plots Silvopastoral
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During a pandemic, narrowing ethics into silos such as clinical and public health does not help the cause of ethics, which often gets neglected in desperate times. Our response to a recently published article in this journal, tries to take this discussion forward. Keeping medical ethics at the centre of our response to the Covid-19 pandemic would benefit healthcare systems at all levels. This would also help us be prepared for fut
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Which Ovens Hobs Are Right For You?
Hobs in the oven are an essential kitchen appliance, but selecting the right type can be a challenge. We’ll help you make the best choice for you, no matter if you’re considering electric, gas or induction hobs.
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Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI) are an acute surgical condition with high morbidity and mortality. Timely identification, resuscitation and aggressive surgical management has significantly decreased inpatient mortality. However, reduced inpatient mortality has shifted the burden of disease to long-term mortality associated with persistent organ dysfunction.
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Wood Burning Fires Need to Be Hot and Clean
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Chronic pain is theoretically conceptualized from a biopsychosocial perspective. However, research into chronic pain still tends to focus on isolated, biological, psychological, or social variables. Simultaneous examination of these variables in the prediction of outcomes is important because communalities between predictors exist. Examination of unique contributions might help guide research and interv
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Family violence against transgender people is a common issue and affects their mental health. Very few if any interventions have been designed to reduce family violence against transgender youths. This RCT will evaluate the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the violent behaviors towards transgender people.
This study is a random
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Dans un monde où l’information circule à une vitesse fulgurante, les petites annonces en Algérie ont trouvé leur place sur la scène numérique. Ces plateformes reflètent non seulement la diversité de l’offre et de la demande, mais aussi la richesse de la culture locale. Parmi les acteurs majeurs, Loozap se distingue par sa simplicité d’utilisation et la variété de ses annonces, allant des biens immobiliers en passa
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A major QTL on chromosome 2 associated with leptine biosynthesis and Colorado potato beetle resistance was identified in a diploid S. chacoense F2 population using linkage mapping and bulk-segregant analysis. We examined the genetic features underlying leptine glycoalkaloid mediated Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) host plant resistance in a diploid F2 mapping population of 233 individuals derived from So
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Case Battle in CS:GO
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Our data collectively suggest that the newly identified MnToll gene belongs to the TLR family in shrimp and is potentially involved in innate host defense, especially against WSSV.Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), prevalent in many low- and middle-income countries. In high-income territories, typhoid fe
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CONCLUSIONS The proposed method uses the IGENT software, which is free available, simple and fast, and detects pure interactions on unconventional genetic models. Our results demonstrate that this modification is an attractive complement to established analysis methods.BACKGROUND An early diagnosis of CHARGE syndrome is challenging, especially for the primary care physicians who often take care of neonates with mult
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Youths at high risk for depression have been shown to have problems in repairing their own sad mood. Given that sympathetic arousal has been implicated both in the experience and regulation of affect, an atypical pattern of arousal may be one of the factors that contribute to mood repair problems. In the current study, we measured sympathetic arousal of never-depressed youths at high (n = 56) and low (n = 67) familial ri
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Bunk beds for children add storage and sleeping space to rooms. They are perfect for children who share a bedroom, but also for families who are planning to expand their space.
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