Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
487,975 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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To evaluate the accuracy of static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS) for tooth-supported free-end dental implantation with the aid/and without the aid of fixation pins to secure the surgical template through comparison between planned, 3D printed guide position and placement implant position.
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Collagen fibre degradation is a strain-dependent process, whereby the magnitude of experienced strain dictates the rate of enzymatic cleavage. Studies have identified conflicting conclusions as to whether stress inhibits or improves collagen degradation, which can be explained by the structure kind and tissue scale investigated, as well as the strain range considered. The goal of this research is
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We highlight the necessity to enhance educational approaches to introduce the key concepts of AMR and antimicrobial stewardship to the curriculum of healthcare students. © The Author(s) 2020.Background Early use of antimicrobials is a critical intervention in the treatment of patients with sepsis. The exact time of initiation is controversial and its early administration may be a difficult task in crowded emergency de
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Heat-sensory neurons from the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) play a pivotal role in detecting the cutaneous temperature and transmission of external signals to the brain, ensuring the maintenance of thermoregulation. However, whether these thermoreceptor neurons contribute to adaptive thermogenesis remains elusive. It is also unknown whether these neurons play a role in obesity and energy metabolism.
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gagement to strengthen quality of care by these providers and referral to the formal health sector is warranted.Background The relation between dietary and circulating linoleic acid (182 n-6, LA), glucose metabolism and liver function is not yet clear. Associations of dietary and circulating LA with glucose metabolism and liver function markers were investigated. Methods Cross-sectional analyses in 633 black South Afri
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Purpose To report a case of displacement of retained subretinal perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) through therapeutic retinal detachment (RD) induced by balanced salt solution (BSS) injection. Methods This is a surgical case report. We present a case of a 61-year-old woman who presented with subretinal PFCL at the papillo-macular bundle with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/200 at four weeks following RD surgery
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Hyperuricemia is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. However, the threshold value of serum uric acid levels for increased risk of mortality has not been determined. This large-scale cohort study used a nationwide database of 500,511 Japanese subjects (40-74 years) who participated in the annual health checkup and were followed up for 7 years. The association of serum uric acid levels at basel
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We investigate properties of the particle distribution near the tip of one-dimensional branching random walks at large times t, focusing on unusual realizations in which the rightmost lead particle is very far ahead of its expected position, but still within a distance smaller than the diffusion radius ∼sqrt[t]. Our approach consists in a study of the generating function G_Δx(λ)=∑_nλ^np_n(Δx) for the probabilities p_n
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05) all increased significantly in the rats 24 h after LPS injection; IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio increased progressively within 6 h after LPS injection and then subsided gradually. Compared with those in the corresponding sepsis model subgroups, the levels of S1P, IL-12 and IFN-γ increased while IL- 4 level decreased significantly (
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All patients from Goiás, homozygotes for intron 6 mutation, share with the Spanish patients identical-by-descent (IBD) genomic segments comprising the mutation. The entrance date for the Iberian haplotype at the village was calculated to be approximately 200 years old. This result is in agreement with the historical arrival of Iberian individuals at the Goiás state (BR). Patients from Goiás and the three families from Spai
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The economic costs associated with sleep disorders are substantial. The financial component of $10.0 billion is equivalent to 0.73% of Australian gross domestic product. The nonfinancial cost of $25.4 billion represents 3.2% of total Australian burden of disease for the year. Health system costs of these disorders are low relative to those associated with their
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The negative association remained even when the statistical model was adjusted for age, smoking status, alcohol use, and body mass index. Linear regression with bootstrap resampling confirmed that high tenascin-C levels inversely correlated with testosterone levels.
In men with MDD, high tenascin-C concentrations correlate with testosterone deficiency. The combination of elevated tenasc
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The difference of denture base metals and the difference of salivary proteins influences the adsorption behavior of salivary proteins.
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Conclusions Findings reflect the importance of highlighting the strengths of language diversity of preschool Latino dual-language learners instead of employing a monolithic, “one-size-fits-all” approach when considering how to best support them. Furthermore, the home environment plays an important role in supporting Spanish language skills, especially if such support is not necessarily provided at school.
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انگلیس، با دانشگاههای معتبر جهانی و محیطی پویا و چند فرهنگی، مقصدی جذاب برای دانشجویان بینالمللی است. اخذ ویزای تحصیلی انگلیس، گامی بزرگ به سوی تحقق اهداف آکادمیک و حرفهای شماست. اما این فرآیند نیازمند برنامهریزی دقیق و توجه به جزئیات است.
چرا انگلیس؟
کیفیت آموزش جهانی: دانشگاههای انگلیس به دلیل کیفیت بالای آموزش و تحقیقات خود در جهان شناخته شدهاند.
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BACKGROUND Pathological conditions of the thyroid hormone (TH) system are routinely diagnosed using serum concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which is sufficient in most cases. However, in certain conditions, such as resistance to TH due to mutations in THRB (RTHb) or TSH-releasing pituitary adenoma (TSHoma), TSH may be insufficient for a correct diagnosis, even in combination with serum TH co
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Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are key players in the maintenance of immune homeostasis by preventing immune responses to self-antigens. Defects in Treg frequency and/or function result in overwhelming CD4 and CD8 T cell immune responses participating in the autoimmune attack. Perpetuation of autoimmune damage is also favored by Treg predisposition to acquire effector cell features upon exposure to a proinflammatory challe
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The eyes are our windows to the brain. There are differences in brain activity between people who have their eyes closed (EC) and eyes open (EO). Previous studies focused on differences in brain functional properties between these eyes conditions based on an assumption that brain activity is a static phenomenon. However, the dynamic nature of the brain activity in different eyes conditions is still unclear. In this stud
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