Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states.
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
117,667 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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A 67-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of nausea, anorexia and tarry stool. In the blood examination, serum α-fetoprotein(AFP)level was 1,650 ng/mL, and the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a large hemorrhage tumor at the gastric body. Abdominal enhanced computed tomography(CT)showed a solitary mass in segment 4 of the liver. We performed distal gastrectomy, and administered S-1 plus cisplatin thera
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Having intimate conversations often helped in targeting sexual recovery and affected the ease of transition in dealing with the transition to a ‘new normal’. Evidence showed that bad posture in adulthood is often formed from the childhood, and individuals with severe incorrect posture may be associated with the progress of scoliosis. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of incorrect posture in Chinese childr
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Seed imbibition and germination assays were performed, which indicated increased imbibition potential and germination promotion at low nanoparticle concentration. Such studies can be used in the development of simple prepackaged nanoprimer products, which can be used by farmers before sowing to provide a boost to their crops and productivity.The paper briefly presents goals, activities, challenges, and outcomes of t
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The size of a ΔK=0 M1 excitation strength has been determined for the first time in a predominantly axially deformed even-even nucleus. It has been obtained from the observation of a rare K-mixing situation between two close-lying J^π=1^+ states of the nucleus ^164Dy with components characterized by intrinsic projection quantum numbers K=0 and K=1. Nuclear resonance fluorescence induced by quasimonochromatic linearly polari
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Furthermore, RNA interference and baculovirus expression system combined with MTT cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that only SlCPR-X1 with the N-terminal membrane anchor as the major CPR potentially involved in S. litura indoxacarb resistance. The outcome of this study further expands our understanding of the important role of insect CPR in xenobiotics detoxification and resistance development, and CPR could b
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Morphometry of the claws of forelimbs is described using the Curvature Linear Index [1].Sono-photoacoustic (SPA) activation lowers the threshold of phase-change contrast agents by timing a laser shot to coincide with the arrival of an acoustic wave at a region of interest. The combination of photothermal heating from optical absorption and negative pressure from the acoustic wave greatly reduces the droplet’s combined vaporizat
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Along with the classical histological clues, evaluation of the clinical findings and less-defined histological features may enhance the diagnostic accuracy. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first original study focusing on the clinical and pathological aspects of CSMTs in our country.Anthropogenic metal contamination results in long-term environmental selective pressure with unclear impact
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Children were less physically active, and screen time was higher during and after the school closures due to the COVID-19 lockdown. This is alarming as an active lifestyle in children is crucial in preventing chronic diseases such as obesity.
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The accuracy of optical three-dimensional (3D) shape measurement is always influenced by the defocusing of a projection or imaging system. In this paper, a novel optical element made by picometer-differential twice-exposed holography, called a picometer comb, is proposed to generate the projection pattern for 3D shape measurement. Two interference fields with picometer-scale period difference are recorded on a substrate
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As the most common primary intracranial tumor, glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant tumor that originated from neuroepithelial tissue, accounting for 40-50% of brain tumors. Precise survival prediction for patients suffering from GBM can not only help patients and doctors formulate treatment plans, but also help researchers understand the development of the disease and stimulate medical development.
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Based on our findings, next-generation sequencing should be considered in patients with cryptogenic CP as the first line of genetic workup. IMPACT Sequencing techniques in CP of uncertain etiology provides a diagnostic yield of 55%. The appropriate selection of cases optimizes the diagnostic yield. NGS facilitate better understanding of new phenotypes of certain genetic diseases.Screening of novel feedstuffs, that
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STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine if there were differences in intraabdominal pressure (IAP) in supine, low lithotomy and high lithotomy positions. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING University medical center. PATIENTS 29 women undergoing surgery for prolapse or stress incontinence. INTERVENTIONS Relevant medial history, including the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) stage, BMI
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Calponin 2 is an actin cytoskeleton-associated protein and plays a role in regulating cell motility-related functions such as phagocytosis, migration, and division. We previously reported that overexpression of calponin 2 inhibits the rate of cell proliferation. To investigate the underlying mechanism, our present study found that the levels of endogenous calponin 2 in NIH3T3 and HEK293 cells rapidly decreased b
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Mutations in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) were assayed for 1021 tumour-related genetics via gene panel target capture-based next-generation sequencing. RESULTS Thirty-six clients with metastatic breast cancer treated with sirolimus plus endocrine treatment were included. The progression-free success (PFS) rates involving the sirolimus group and everolimus team had been
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