Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
499,887 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Severe macaws are sociable and comical birds that are bonded with their owners. They are adept at training and are quick learners. They are some of the best talking parrots, with clear voices and large vocabulary.
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Urology Lean work reduced new patient clinic access time (119 to 21 days) and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in clinic treatment time (180 to 105 min). The average proportion of urology on-time surgeries was better than the overall surgery on-time surgeries (71% v 61%). CONCLUSIONS Urology Lean work successfully applied DMS in a service specific yet holistic approach. Urology Lean work improved reside
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Short message service (SMS) reminders coupled with a small monetary incentive conditioned on prompt vaccination have been shown to improve first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) uptake. We assessed whether SMS reminders and unconditional monetary incentives-more amenable to programmatic implementation-can improve MCV1 uptake in Kenya.
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Different definitions have been used to measure functional dependency (FD) in Mexico. This study aims to explore if different definitions of FD lead to low consistency between the estimations of its prevalence. Accurate estimations of FD are useful to estimate the potential demand for long-term care (LTC) services in the country.
A literature review i
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Similarity of the amino acid sequence to those of known allergens was searched and no match was found. The Panel considered that, under the intended conditions of use, the risk of allergic sensitisation and elicitation reactions by dietary exposure cannot be excluded, but the likelihood for this to occur is considered to be low. Based on the data provided, in particular, the QPS statu
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With the increase in temperature, the framework expanded, and the cage clusters were reversibly distorted. Meanwhile, the chromophore S3- could be oxidized, and it faded following the framework shrinkage during the cooling process. Moreover, the reversible forced equilibrium of the ITM formation had a limit temperature indicating that the annealing treatment and spectroscopy analysis of lazurite blocks and samples might be u
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001). A significant improvement of pruritus was also observed (P = .02). This proof of concept clinical trial is first to explore the impact of a non-systemic doxycycline treatment on AD patients. Our results provide evidence to investigate novel AD treatment strategies targeting cutaneous proteases activity.In the United States, there are a large number of incarcerated individuals, resulting in high numbers of previously inca
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of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication is a well-recognised complication in patients receiving disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Limited data exist on HBV reactivation among patients with RA treated with janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. The objective of the current study was to assess HBV reactivation in clinical trials of baricitinib, an oral selective JAK1 and JAK2 inhibi
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Findings, however, varied and there is therefore a need for further studies to clarify the occurrence of these symptoms. This would help to provide early diagnosis and reduce contagion by the virus.
The present study concludes that the onset of symptoms of loss of smell and taste, associated with COVID-19, occurs 4 to 5 days after other symptoms, and that these symptoms last from 7 to 14 days.
DoyleHumphries8257
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PURPOSE The Marx Activity Rating Scale (Marx Scale) is a commonly used activity-related patient-reported outcome which evaluates the highest activity level within the last year, whereas the Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (HSS Pedi-FABS) assesses highest activity level within the last month. This study aims to determine whether the different timeframes used for the common items of Marx S
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This article reflects on the foundational contributions of Rosalie A. Kane to the rise of assisted living in the 1980s and 90s. The author, called the founder of the “Oregon model of assisted living,” offers an insider’s perspective of how Dr. Kane’s insights – and personality-inspired a shift in the options for long term care from a model based on safety and medical treatment to one based on personal choice and independen
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We compared all-atom explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations of three types of Aβ(1-40) fibrils brain-seeded fibrils (2M4J, with a threefold axial symmetry) and the other two, all-synthetic fibril polymorphs (2LMN and 2LMP, made under different fibrillization conditions). Fibril models were constructed using either a finite or an infinite number of layers made using periodic images. These studies yielded four conclu
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In this work we look at the past in order to analyze four key variables after one year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Galicia (NW Spain) new infected, hospital admissions, intensive care unit admissions and deceased. The analysis is presented by age group, comparing at each stage the percentage of the corresponding group with its representation in the society. The time period analyzed covers 1
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EOD were significantly impaired in attention/processing speed and global cognitive function at baseline but did not experience more rapid decline as compared to NDC. Those with LOD compared to both NDC and EOD performed worse in all domains at baseline and experienced more rapid decline in verbal skills and delayed memory ability. Our findings suggest that baseline impairment may lower the threshold for those
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Mesenchymal stem-cell (MSC)-based therapies have been recognized as promising strategies for the treatment of various injuries or diseases because of their unique characteristics, such as self-renewal, differentiation potential, and secretion of various bioactive molecules. However, MSC transplantation often results in low efficacy, including a cell viability loss and a low therapeutic activity. Alternatively, MSC
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A schematic model is presented to illustrate the corrosion mechanism.Chautauqua Lake, New York, is a two-basin lake with a deeper, cooler, and less nutrient-rich Northern Basin, and a warmer, shallower, nutrient-replete Southern Basin. The lake is populated by a complex mixture of cyanobacteria, with toxigenic strains that produce microcystins, anatoxins, and paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins (PSTs). Samp
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An immunoassay was developed that utilized plasmonic coupling between immobilised gold nanorods and colloid gold nanospheres to detect the marine toxin domoic acid (DA). The aspect ratio of the nanorods was optimised and the effects of variation in acidity, silver to gold ratio, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) concentration and seed addition in the growth solution on the yield, size variance and LSPR peak position w
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There was no correlation between risky sexual behaviour, contraceptive use, and socio-demographic factors. CONCLUSION Women with early coitarche and a high cumulative number of sexual partners have more unwanted pregnancies and STDs; moreover, those with regular coital activity without contraception are less frequently vaccinated against HPV.We report epidemiologic, laboratory, and clinical findings for 7 patient
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Cancer immunotherapy is set to emerge as the future of cancer therapy. However, recent immunotherapy trials in different cancers have yielded sub-optimal results, with durable responses seen in only a small fraction of patients. Engineered multifunctional nanomaterials and biological materials are versatile platforms that can elicit strong immune responses and improve anti-cancer efficacy when applied to cancer immunothera
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Ding, Yanping, Jianfeng Liu, Yuanqing Xu, Xiaoqing Dong, and Baoping Shao. Evolutionary adaptation of aquaporin-4 in yak (Bos grunniens) brain to high-altitude hypoxia of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. High Alt Med Biol 00000-000, 2020. Background In high-altitude animals, brain cell resilience against hypoxia stress is one critical evolutionary step
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Wolbachia is an endosymbiotic bacterium that naturally infects several arthropods and nematode species. Wolbachia gained particular attention due to its impact on their host fitness and the capacity of specific Wolbachia strains in reducing pathogen vector and agricultural pest populations and pathogens transmission. Despite the success of mosquito/pathogen control programs using Wolbachia-infected mosquito releas
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The 6WT demonstrated a persistent OFI (487 m vs. 488 m). This patient was considered a nonresponder and underwent surgical treatment. This case series illustrates the feasibility of the smartphone-based 6WT as a tool to assess OFI in patients undergoing ESI for lumbar DDD.OBJECTIVE Lumbar fusion with implantation of interbody cage is a common procedure for treatment of lumbar degenerative diseas
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