Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
387,096 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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No quantitative literature examined shame in relation to infant feeding outcomes, warranting future research. The framework synthesis generated four distinct themes which explored guilt and/or shame in relation to infant feeding outcomes ‘underprepared and ineffectively supported’, ‘morality and perceived judgement’ (breastfeeding), ‘frustration with infant feeding care’ and ‘failures, fears and forbidden practi
LambertMcWilliams6762
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Purpose of review Update on the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of lupus nephritis. Recent findings The recent criteria enable the earlier classification of lupus nephritis based on kidney biopsy and compatible serology. Treatment of active nephritis includes low-dose intravenous cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate, followed by maintenance immunosuppression. Recent trials have suggested superiority of regimens c
SchultzGleason9247
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Clinical Research Information Service KCT0003170; https//cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01_en.jsp?seq=11642<ype=&rtype=.
Clinical Research Information Service KCT0003170; https//cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01_en.jsp?seq=11642<ype=&rtype=.
Asthma exacerbation is an acute or subacute episode of progressive worsening of asthma symptoms a
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A 65-year-old woman with systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus developed acute kidney injury (AKI), Coombs-positive autoimmune hemolytic anemia and autoimmune thrombocytopenia; therefore, she was diagnosed with Evans syndrome (ES). Intravascular hemolysis was suggested as the cause of AKI based on the presence of acute tubular injury and trace hemosiderin deposits on the renal biopsy. The renal functi
ShahHubbard2912
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Choosing a 4 Seater Grey Leather Sofa
A four-seater leather sofa is a wonderful option for any living space. It is important to select the right one for your space, however. It shouldn’t take up too much space or make the space feel cramped.
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NedergaardPerkins0629
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Performance in both test formats declined with age. Accounting for age, individual differences in FC memory performance were best explained by perceptual discrimination score, whereas YN memory performance was best explained by executive functions. A linear mixed model and dominance analyses confirmed the relatively greater importance of perceptual discrimination over executive functioning for FC performance,
KayaDouglas1577
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nt diversity for a range of machine learning (ML) applications in chemistry.Cysteine proteases comprise an important class of drug targets, especially for infectious diseases such as Chagas disease (cruzain) and COVID-19 (3CL protease, cathepsin L). Peptide aldehydes have proven to be potent inhibitors for all of these proteases. However, the intrinsic, high electrophilicity of
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Emotional intelligence is an important skill for nurses and midwives and leads them to cleverly work in various fields and contexts, successfully handling colleagues, patients and their families. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the relationship between emotional intelligence, sociodemographic and academic variables in current and former master’s degree students in nursing and midwi
LentzGlud9746
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ADHD Hyperactivity Symptoms in Adults
Sleep problems, anxiety and other mental health disorders can trigger symptoms similar to the symptoms of ADHD. To determine the correct diagnosis, the mental health professional or health care provider must perform a thorough assessment.
Treatment may consist of psychotherapy, medication and other techniques. The therapist
NeergaardPhelps0195
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ADHD Tests For Adults
To get an accurate diagnosis of ADHD adults should consult a mental health professional who is skilled in the evaluation of ADHD. Consult your physician or an ADHD support group in your area for an appointment.
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LundeRollins4549
PT2385
With standard maintenance doses, both patients with moderate and severe infection failed to achieve the target Cmin. 12 and 16 mg/kg/day were required to achieve a Cmin ≥ 10 and 15 mg/L, respectively. However, standard maintenance dose was adequate to achieve AUC24/MIC ≥ 125 for moderate infection, and 12 mg/kg/day was needed to achieve AUC24/MIC ≥ 345 for severe infection. Lower weight and serum creatinine were associated wi
BullardBille3383
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We show gene.iobio is a novel and effective approach that significantly improves upon and reimagines existing methods. In a radical departure from existing methods that present variants and genomic data in text and table formats, gene.iobio provides an interactive, intuitive and visually-driven analysis environment. We demonstrate that adoption of gene.iobio in clinical and resear
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6.5±9.1) mm vs. (13.4±2.5) mm,
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CunninghamAbrahamsen0929
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The total amount of soluble sugars was reduced by 40% compared to control, and starch accumulation was mainly observed in fronds exposed to BPA. Even if the response patterns of Lemna minor based on fresh and dry weight measurements were less sensitive in our experiment conditions, further studies should be addressed since BPA represents a threat to the dynamic equilibrium governing aquatic ecosystems.Noise-induced hearing loss
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In Colo-205 and U87MG xenograft designs, substances 10b and 10c additionally showed considerable tumor development inhibitions with controllable toxicities. All data confirmed that imidazo [1′,2’1,6]pyrido [2,3-d]pyrimidin derivatives 10b and 10c could possibly be encouraging drug candidates for cancer therapy. HIV-1 RT has been regarded as very essential goa
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홀덤사이트
홀덤사이트는 현대의 게임 애호가들에게 흥미로운 경험을 제공하는 온라인 플랫폼입니다. 기술 발전과 함께, 홀덤사이트는 단순한 카드 게임을 넘어 다양한 기능과 장점을 통해 플레이어들에게 더 나은 게임 환경을 제공합니다. 이 글에서는 홀덤사이트의 긍정적인 측면과 그 매력에 대해 다루어 보겠습니다.
홀덤사이트의 주요 특징
손쉬운 접근성
홀덤사이트는 어디서나 접속할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있습니다. 집, 카페, 혹은 이동 중에도 인터넷만 있으면 누구나 게임을 즐길 수 있습니다. 이는 많은 사람들이 여가 시간을 효과적으로 활용할 수 있는 기회를 제공합니다.
다양한 게임 모드
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If you have three children or you love hosting sleepovers with friends, a triple bunk bed can save space while allowing kids to be together. These beds can also be used for other purposes, as many of them can be divided into twin beds.
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In vitro metabolism requires liver fractions or the use of other metabolically capable systems, including primary hepatocytes or recombinant enzymes. Several newly developed in vitro metabolic methods, including HepaRG cells, three-dimensional (3D) cell models, and organ-on-a-chip technology, will also be discussed. These newly developed in vitro metabolism approaches offer significant progress in dissecting biological processes,
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미국 카지노에는 플레이어와 은행가라는 두 가지 유형의 블랙잭 테이블이 있습니다.
판매 기간 동안 고객은 양쪽에 베팅할 수 있으며 두 장의 카드만 사용됩니다.바카라 규칙에 대해 배우는 것은 필수적입니다.
Bakara에서 은행과 플레이어는 어느 쪽이 이길지 선택합니다. 이는 50/50 확률로 인해 수년 동안 꽤 인기가 있는 것으로 입증되었습니다. 온라인 바카라 사이트에서 바카라를 하고 싶지만 룰을 모르면 공부하고 연습하는 것이 좋습니다. 게임을 하기 전에 Bakara 규칙을 알아야 하며 게임을 함으로써 승률을 높이고 좋은 베팅 포인트를 얻을 수 있습니다.
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CSGO Case Battle offers a fun alternative to the game’s in-game case system. Players can compete against each other to open cases simultaneously which creates excitement and anticipation as the value of the items dropped changes. This mode requires an understanding of the case characteristics and drop rate.
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RosendahlDreier4246
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Symptoms of ADHD in Adults Females
The symptoms of ADHD in females who are adults are often misdiagnosed or missed. A correct diagnosis can make a difference in your life, both professionally and personally.
The signs include forgetfulness and inability to stay organised as well as impuls
KuhnLyng1506
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Extensive contusions of the tongue are not routine findings with strangulation but occur in about 25% of cases, especially those involving the elderly, and hemorrhage from the ear is rarely reported. This case illustrates uncommon and rare autopsy findings for strangulation, which under the right circumstances, deceived investigators into thinking that a gunshot wound had occurred.High-voltage electrocution is mostl
TuranGrimes8228
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ADHD Test For Adults – How to Get a Diagnosis
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To determine and report the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome in dogs with persistent right aortic arch (PRAA) with an aberrant left subclavian artery (ALS) that underwent thoracoscopic surgery.
Dogs with PRAA and an ALS (n = 5).
Short case series.
Medical records were reviewed from 2014 to 2019. Dogs t
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Is Online ADHD Testing Right For You?
Online testing is becoming increasingly popular as people become more aware of ADHD and the stigma around it has decreased.
However, a thorough evaluation requires more than the simple test or questionnaire. It involves direct observation and a face-to-face i
GravesLausten8761
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The Best Bunk Beds For Teenagers
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9 ± 2.9 months. Patient reported outcome measures (PROM’s) were reported in 86% of studies. There was limited reporting of performance statistics, rehabilitation guidelines, return to sport criteria, and information regarding SLAP diagnosis in the available studies. None of the included studies reported post-surgical athletic performance or career longevity.
Limited evidence suggest
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There was no CSPC in the groups with PHI <27.0, and Gleason score 7 began to appear in groups with PHI ≥27.0. In particular, patients with Gleason score 8 and 9 were distributed only in the groups with PHI ≥36.0.
The diagnostic accuracy of detection of CSPC could be increased when prostate biopsy is performed in patients with a PHI ≥36.0. In this study, there was a clear Gleas
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There have been 14 studies that found the inclusion criteria. The structural dataset comprised 242 tinnitus clients and 217 coordinated healthy subjects (HS), whilst the functional dataset included 130 tinnitus clients and 140 matched HS. Our analysis disclosed structural modifications into the exceptional temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus (MTG), ang
SallingOvergaard7240
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ical systemic and infectious diseases. The diagnosis of an endocrinological metastatic primary lung adenocarcinoma for patients without respiratory symptoms is often delayed due to a lack of correlation between endocrinological symptoms and lung cancer. The main originality of our case is the concomitant diagnosis of both endocrinological failures, as it was initiated with a diabetes insipidus and followed by an acute
CohenJuel1464
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Assessment of level of anesthesia after subarachnoid block (SAB) is essential. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of vibration sense as a criteria to determine the level of surgical anesthesia.
The study included patients, scheduled for various surgeries under SAB. The baseline values of vibration sense perception using VibraTip™, motor power using the modified Bromage sc
KenneyBehrens9018
Ferrostatin-1 nmr
Increasing severity of Coats disease is significantly associated with the AH concentrations of VEGF, IL-8, MCP-1 and MIP-1α. Further clinical treatment aimed to reduce vascular leakage and antagonize neovascularization and inflammation may be useful in preventing the progression of Coats disease.BACKGROUND Tinnitus is a particularly common condition and can have debilitating psychological consequences for ce
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HbA1c significantly decreased in patients after 180 days of sensor wear (-0.43% ± 0.69%, 5 ± 8 mmol/mol, P less then 0.0001). As expected, CGM-naïve patients achieved the greatest reduction in HbA1c (-0.74% ± 0.48%, 8 ± 5 mmol/mol). TIR significantly increased and TAR and mean daily sensor glucose significantly decreased while TBR did not change after 180 days of sensor wear. CONCLUSIO
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홀덤사이트
홀덤사이트는 현대의 게임 애호가들에게 흥미로운 경험을 제공하는 온라인 플랫폼입니다. 기술 발전과 함께, 홀덤사이트는 단순한 카드 게임을 넘어 다양한 기능과 장점을 통해 플레이어들에게 더 나은 게임 환경을 제공합니다. 이 글에서는 홀덤사이트의 긍정적인 측면과 그 매력에 대해 다루어 보겠습니다.
홀덤사이트의 주요 특징
손쉬운 접근성
홀덤사이트는 어디서나 접속할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있습니다. 집, 카페, 혹은 이동 중에도 인터넷만 있으면 누구나 게임을 즐길 수 있습니다. 이는 많은 사람들이 여가 시간을 효과적으로 활용할 수 있는 기회를 제공합니다.
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BertramYde1673
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Early-life adversity (ELA) is associated with lifelong memory deficits, yet the responsible mechanisms remain unclear. We impose ELA by rearing rat pups in simulated poverty, assess hippocampal memory, and probe changes in gene expression, their transcriptional regulation, and the consequent changes in hippocampal neuronal structure. ELA rats have poor hippocampal memory and stunted hippocampal pyramidal neurons associate
LevyDonnelly0695
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The approach is explored by analyzing MRF measurements of a phantom consisting of several tubes across which MR relaxation times are constant. The proposed uncertainty quantification is quantitatively consistent with the observed within-tube variability of estimated relaxation times. Furthermore, calculated uncertainties are shown to characterize well observed differences between the MRF estimates and the results
PenningtonMccall6826
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Collective metastasis is defined as the cohesive migration and metastasis of multicellular tumor cell clusters. Disrupting various cell adhesion genes markedly reduces cluster formation and colonization efficiency, yet the downstream signals transmitted by clustering remain largely unknown. Here, we use mouse and human breast cancer models to identify a collective signal generated by tumor cell clusters supporting metast
KochGuldbrandsen8716
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How to Tell If a Leather Couch is Real Or Faux
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Aedes albopictus is an important vector of dengue worldwide. Eliminating dengue in Sri Lanka depends entirely on controlling the vector and human-vector contact. Thus, studying the bionomics and behavior of Ae. albopictus is paramount. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the excreta of cow, goat and pig on the attraction, oviposition and development of Ae. albopictus. Bioassay cha
LocklearHickey2478
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Look at Neuropathological Characteristics within the SOD1-G93A Minimal Copy Amount Transgenic Computer mouse Label of Amyotrophic Side to side Sclerosis.
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The pragmatic and easily implementable STROKE-CARD care programme reduced cardiovascular risk and improved health-related quality of life and functional outcome in patients with acu
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블랙 잭은 21을 만들어야 하는 게임입니다. 카드를 받을 수 있는 사람의 수에는 제한이 없기 때문에, 테이블을 탭하거나 딜러에게 테이블을 다시 치도록 요청하여 카드를 요청할 수 없습니다. 또는 스탠드나 손바닥을 아래로 하여 한두 번 흔들어 줍니다.
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두 장의 A 카드를 사용하면 A 카드를 두 개로 나누어 혼자서 두 번 하는 효과를 볼 수 있습니다. 즉, 추측한 것과 같은 금액으로 다시 한 번
ChurchStrange3242
SKIII
The diverse potential of durum wheat varieties in triggering CD immune response was demonstrated. Saragolla is not indicated for celiacs, yet it has a limited potential to trigger adverse immune response.Halophytes are the category of plants growing under harsh conditions of super-salinity, and are wide-spread in the coastal Mediterranean climatic conditions and desert oasis. They are adept at surviving through maintaining exc
RaynorGoode8094
Mivebresib
Chest wall resection following wide local excision for bone tumor results in a large defect. Reconstructing this defect is complex and requires skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction. We describe the reconstruction of a large skeletal defect with a three-dimensional (3-D) printed custom-made, anatomically designed, titanium alloy ribs and hemi-sternum implant.
To desig
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