Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
296,419 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Role of biomarkers for promotion of tumor proliferation (BPTPs) and for promotion of apoptosis (BPAs) in thymic malignant tumors is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between BPTPs and/or BPAs and malignancy of thymic malignant tumors.
Studies on thymic malignant tumors and biomarkers were searched in PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Embase databas
ClementsMolina0361
Pixantrone
CONCLUSION This study indicates that use of a basal-bolus insulin regimen with an insulin analogue is safer with respect to severe hypoglycaemia in patients with T1D than the use of a basal-bolus human insulin only regimen. © 2020 The British Pharmacological Society.BACKGROUND Early-life wheezing-associated respiratory infection with human rhinovirus (RV) is associated with asthma development. RV infection of
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The original article was published on February 15, 2020 and corrected on March 26, 2020. The revised version of the article amends the table and figure, while leaving the text largely unchanged. The changes appear in the revised online PDF copy of this article.Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a congenital disorder characterized by localized or generalized absence of skin. Bullous aplasia cutis congenita (BACC) is
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EPR experiments identify a new defect type from Nb5+ doping, which alters the physical mechanisms available for transmittance modulation. Our new NCs are economic to synthesize and highly suitable for switchable photochromic applications, e.g., smart windows for modulating visible light and infrared transmittance in built-environments.Oxidation of micropollutants (MPs) by ozonation proceeds via the r
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ning up and industrial agglomeration. (6) Xinjiang is an extremely arid and water-scarce region. These are the keys and prerequisites for saving water resources and strengthening the comprehensive utilization of water resources. Whether in the industrial areas or in the agricultural and animal husbandry areas, water conservation should be given top priority.Polycyclic arom
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Increasing adoption of social media have revolutionized communications between individuals, groups, and organizations This research study was designed to assess the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of internal medicine physicians’ awareness and engagement with social media (sometimes referred to as #SoMe) within the digital landscape of healthcare delivery.
An audience-respo
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6% to 104.2%. The results demonstrated that the Fe3O4@NHCS modified electrode had the characteristics of high sensitivity, good selectivity and reliability. The recent rapid advances in the synthesis, functionalization and application of nanomaterials have enabled scientists to develop metal nanoclusters (MNCs) stabilized with a variety of scaffolds/protecting ligands including thiols, polymers, proteins, dendr
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Glycochenodeoxycholic acid in vitro
Freeze-dried cell factories led to improved results as compared with non-freeze dried. When lactase was substituted with L. casei, ethanol and lactic acid were produced simultaneously at high concentrations, but in a much longer fermentation time. The cell factories can be considered as models for white biotechnology using lactose containing raw materials. This suggested cell f
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001; r2 = .01) and women (r = .12; P less then .001; r2 = .01). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In children and adolescents, frequent involvement in cooking at home may promote better cooking skills in later life. Additional prospective research into the impact of cooking classes and interventions on developing cooking skills in children and adolescents is warranted. This article describes the processes em
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[Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 46(12), 42-50.].The current study examined potential gender differences in the associations between informal caregiving, poor mental health, and subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Data were obtained from the U.S. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N = 16,042; 9,410 women, 6,632 men). Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to obtain adjusted βs a
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Identifying the mechanisms by which diseases spread among populations is important for understanding and forecasting patterns of epidemics and pandemics. Estimating transmission coupling among populations is challenging because transmission events are difficult to observe in practice, and connectivity among populations is often obscured by local disease dynamics. We consider the common situation in whic
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Therefore, the excellent capacitive behaviors render the B, N-DHCM promising electrode materials for application in supercapacitors and other energy storage systems. Structure control is widely admitted as a feasible strategy to restrain volume change and enhance electrical conductivity for chalcogenide anode materials. Herein, three-dimensionally hierarchical structure Co0.85Se@N-doped graphene hybrid is wel
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long term learning outcomes. Copyright © 2020, Abdellatif et al.Congenital hypoplasia of depressor angularis oris muscle (CHDAOM) is an uncommon cause of asymmetric crying facies in neonates. Although its etiology is mostly unknown, it has been increasingly recognized as a marker for the presence of other less easily identifiable congenital abnormalities associated with genetic syndromes such
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Due to the heterogeneity of the structural abnormalities, and the wide variety of surgical and interventional procedures, there are no standard methods for dissecting the heart at autopsy. In this paper, we describe the most common types of CHDs that a pathologist could encounter at autopsy, including the various types of surgical and percutaneous procedures and major pathological manifestations. We also propose a p
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Pifithrinα
BMS-986142 has been developed as an innovative Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor for treatment of several autoimmune diseases. The drug substance of BMS-986142 may contain three potential atropisomeric impurities due to its unique structural characteristics. Developing a single liquid chromatography (LC) method to separate all four highly structurally related atropisomers and other process impurities from each o
LarkinRoche1403
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Controlling droplet deposition with a minute amount of polymer additives is of profound practical importance in a wild range of applications. Previous work ascribed the relevant mechanisms to extensional viscosity, normal stress, wetting properties, etc., but the mechanism remains controversial. In this paper, we employ molecular dynamics simulations systematically for the first time to investigate the origin of rebound su
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lure. Further research is needed to assess patients’ risk and account for acute conditions. This project used best practice guidelines for routine patient care and added transparency to a previously unmeasured event.
Family members of patients admitted to the intensive care unit must tolerate high levels of stress, making them emotionally and physically vulnerable. However, little is kno
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ture pandemics, natural hazard risks, and market shocks.Spontaneous emissions of S. dentata Aiton and S. scabra Thunb., as well as the essential oil (EO) composition of the cited species, together with S. aurea L., were investigated. The chemical profile of the first two species is reported here for the first time. Moreover, in vitro tests were performed to evaluate the antifungal activity of these EOs on Trichophyton men
McgowanHuber6818
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Moreover, 54% reported difficulty swallowing. On the SWAL-QOL questionnaire, 37% reported choking when eating food, 44% reported choking when drinking liquids, 29% reported coughing during meals, and 77% reported difficulty chewing. The present study revealed an important prevalence of complaints related to swallowing difficulties among older people in the city of Santos with structural and physiological changes
CurryCortez5332
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ffect cell proliferation and apoptosis.[This retracts the article DOI 10.2147/OTT.S88233.].
This study was to explore the biological roles and underlying mechanism of circRNA WD repeat domain 27 (circWDR27).
The expression of circWDR27, microRNA-215-5p (miR-215-5p) and tripartite motif containing 44 (TRIM44) were measured by quantitative real-time polyme
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More than half of Earth’s freshwater resources are held by the Antarctic Ice Sheet, which thus represents by far the largest potential source for global sea-level rise under future warming conditions1. Its long-term stability determines the fate of our coastal cities and cultural heritage. Feedbacks between ice, atmosphere, ocean, and the solid Earth give rise to potential nonlinearities in its response to tem
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ht current gaps in quality of care measurement for ICHD, and this initial work should provide programs with a starting point to combine highly rated indicators with newly developed indicators into a concise balanced scorecard that supports quality improvement initiatives across all aspects of ICHD care.
not applicable.
not applicable.Malignant hypertherm
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ML364 potentiates the pro-degradation effects of HSP90 inhibitors on ErbB2 and hence sensitizes ErbB2-positive breast cancer cells to HSP90 inhibition. The combination of USP2 and HSP90 inhibitors effectively restrains ErbB2-positive breast cancer xenograft growth in vivo. Based on these observations, we conclude that USP2 safeguards ErbB2 surface levels by antagonizing its ubiquitylation-mediated en
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Clearance decreases through childhood and higher infusion rates in children would achieve target concentration rapidly without the need to titrate initial infusion rate. An infusion rate of 4.5mgh
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HamrickAguirre6465
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Tropical mountains are cradles of biodiversity and endemism. Sundaland, tropical Southeast Asia, hosts three species of Rattus endemic to elevations above 2,000 m with an apparent convergence in external morphology Rattus korinchi and R. hoogerwerfi from Sumatra, and R. baluensis from Borneo. A fourth one, R. tiomanicus, is restricted to lowland elevations across the whole region. The origins of these e
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Image fusion is a very practical technology that can be applied in many fields, such as medicine, remote sensing and surveillance. An image fusion method using multi-scale decomposition and joint sparse representation is introduced in this paper. First, joint sparse representation is applied to decompose two source images into a common image and two innovation images. Second, two initial weight maps are generated by fi
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Therefore, 18F-labelled pyrrolopyrimidines can reflect real-time LRRK2 expression changes implicated in Parkinson’s disease, which paves the way for LRRK2-related neurodegenerative precise therapy.We have previously reported that dual 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptor ligands might find utility as treatment options for various CNS related conditions including cognitive and anxiolytic impairments. We ha
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The movement in a joint is facilitated by a pair of muscles that pull in opposite directions. The difference in the pair’s muscle force or reciprocal activity results in joint torque, while the overlapping muscle force or the cocontraction is related to the joint’s stiffness. Cocontraction knowingly adapts implicitly over a number of movements, but it is unclear whether the central nervous system can acti
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These 40 potential biomarkers could effectively reflect the clinical progression of the disease. Our findings provide some new insights into host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, which are valuable for understanding of COVID-19 disease progression. This study also identified potential biomarkers that could be further validated, which may support better predicting and monitoring progression to severe COVID-19
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The aim of the present review is to offer a comprehensive and updated overview of studies addressing the therapeutic potential of AMPs in mixed infections, highlighting the opportunities offered by this class of antimicrobials in the fight against polymicrobial infections, but also the limits that may arise in their use for this type of application.The IL-12 family cytokines are a group of unique heterodimeric
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The purchase of a macaw can be costly. If you adopt from a shelter or rescue the initial cost could be significantly lower.
It is also important to consider the ongoing costs of food, toys, veterinary services, cages or aviaries. In addition, macaws are flock species and require constant at
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The scattering of an ultrashort laser pulse by an air bubble in water is investigated by means of the Lorenz-Mie theory and the Debye expansion. A 70 fs, 800 nm pulse is considered as a plane wave with a Gaussian temporal envelope. The transient response is treated with the theory derived from Gouesbet and Gréhan [Part. Part. Syst. Charact.17, 213-224 (2000)], taking now into account chromatic dispersion and absorptio
MagnussonNymann0664
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A positive correlation was also found between the number of visual auras and tracer uptake in occipital PMT. INTERPRETATION A strong persistent extra-axial inflammatory signal was found in meninges and calvarial bone overlying the occipital lobe in migraine with visual auras. Our findings are reminiscent of CSD-induced meningeal inflammation and provide the first imaging evidence implicating inflammation in the pathop
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Five-year overall survival was 93.3% [CI 75.8-98.3] and ten-year overall survival was 89.1% [CI 69.6-96.4]. After a mean follow-up of 151months (range 0-433), the biochemical cure rate for MEN-1 related gastrinomas was 61%.
In MEN1 patients, pancreatoduodenectomy can be used to control hormone secretions (gastrin, glucagon, VIP) and to remove large NETs. PD was fou
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88 × 10-13 W/Hz1/2, and D* increasing to 5.6 × 108 Jones. Our research has important guiding significance in adjusting the band gap of MoS2 and enhancing the photoelectric performance of MoS2 photodetectors.Viscoelastic polymer solutions have been widely employed as suspending liquids for a myriad of microfluidic applications including particle and cell focusing, sorting, and encapsulation. It has been rece
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05). RMSE had a median (IQR) of 0.75 (0.60-1.35) weeks for normal outcome and 1.35 (1.15-1.55) for abnormal outcome, while δmax had a median of 0.90 (0.70-1.70) and 1.90 (1.20-2.90) weeks, respectively. Abnormal outcome trajectories were associated with clinically defined dysmature and disorganised EEG patterns, cementing the link between early maturational trajectories and neurodevelopmental outcome.Type 2 di
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Both neural and behavioral effects of oxytocin occurred independent of whether subjects thought the massage was applied by a male or female masseur. These findings support the importance of oxytocin for enhancing positive behavioral and neural responses to social touch in the form of manually administered massage and that a combination of intranasal oxytocin and massage may have therapeutic potential in autism.
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5% with no association with anti-VEGF therapies.The therapeutic management of simultaneous liver metastasis of colorectal cancer(SCRLM)remains controversial. Although hepatic metastasectomy is the first choice for resectable liver metastasis of colorectal cancer, radiofrequency ablation (RFA)is one of the least invasive application for patients who refuse more invasive treatment such as hepatectomy and lo
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The incidence of MDD was higher among females (69%, n=18/26) compared to males (29%, n=14/47), in patients > 75 years (66%) and those with multiple comorbidities (45%). Eighteen percent of the patients had moderate depression, while 15% and 22% had moderately severe and severe depression, respectively. Only 26% (n=7/27) of eligible patients were receiving treatment for depression at the time of this surv
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Cough is one of the most common complaints encountered in every setting; however, complications associated with coughing have received relatively little attention. An exhaustive systematic review of the English literature revealed an exceedingly large and varied spectrum of cough-induced complications affecting many systems, including upper airways, chest wall and thorax, abdominal wall, heart and aor
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90, p=0.0003). Carvedilol did not reduce hemodynamic severity compared to vehicle. RV ejection fraction (EF) was lower in both PAH groups compared to control (p<0.05), and was not further reduced by carvedilol. Carvedilol improved SNS function in the LV with significant increases in the HED DV, and decreased tracer washout in the LV (p<0.05) but not RV.
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alf of American Neurological Association.INTRODUCTION Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, and AD patients are commonly sensitized to house dust mite (HDM). Of the several treatment options available, allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) has been recognized as an effective treatment modality that is directed toward the immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated nature of AD, and subcutaneous admini
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Modified cokes with improved resistance to CO2 reaction were produced from a high volatile coking coal (HVC) and different concentrations of boron carbide (B4C) in a laboratory scale coking furnace. This paper focuses on modification mechanism about the influence of B4C on coking behavior and chemical structure during HVC carbonization. The former was studied by using a thermo-gravimetric analyzer. For th
McKennaMay2934
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Subungual squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare malignant tumour with an indolent course and unknown aetiology. It is usually misdiagnosed as a benign lesion, resulting in delayed treatment. Although psoriasis is not a precancerous skin condition, the treatment modalities cyclosporine and psoralen with ultraviolet A (PUVA) might increase the risk of developing cutaneous SCC, although a relationship has n
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The lowest dose of the combination [Metformin (0.25 mM) and berberine (5 μM)] also synergistically reduced the expression of the FAS and SREBP-1c genes in HepG2 cells treated with high glucose. The combination of Metformin and berberine exerted synergistic lipid-lowering effects on HepG2 cells by reducing total lipid content, triglyceride level, and the expression of the genes involved in lipogenesis.Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Pro
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INTRODUCTION Many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience a sustained worsening in symptoms termed an acute exacerbation (AECOPD). AECOPDs impact on patients’ quality of life and lung function, are costly to health services and are an important topic for research. Electronic health records (EHR) are increasingly being used to study AECOPD, requiring accurate detection of AECOPD in EHRs t
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