Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
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Palmar hyperhidrosis is a common disorder of excessive sweating due to over-stimulation of cholinergic receptors on eccrine glands.
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BACKGROUND Frameless neuronavigation allows neurosurgeons to visualize and relate the position of surgical instruments to intracranial pathologies based on preoperative tomographic imaging. However, neuronavigation can often be inaccurate. Multiple factors have been proposed as potential causes, and new technologies are needed to overcome these challenges. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the accuracy of neuronavigation
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The synthesized compatibilizer-blended composite showed better mechanical properties than the industrial one, which indicates the potential application of this composite (around 62% recycled material) in the manufacture of packaging materials and commodity products.Luteolin is an anti-inflammatory flavonoid commonly found in many edible plants. The compound is popularly consumed as a supplement regardles
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LDA therapy during pregnancy can reduce the risk of severe preeclampsia in patients with stage 3-5 CKD. Prospective studies are needed to further explore the p
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Family medicine residency program directors (PD) oversee the training of every new family physician in the United States. The median tenure of family medicine PDs is 4.5 years, and factors relating to length of tenure and reasons for departure are not well known. This exploratory study examined why family medicine PDs leave their position.
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Trait creativity is found to negatively moderate the relationship between the two means of novelty seeking and boredom. Specifically, novelty output negatively predicts the state boredom of individuals with high creativity, while novelty input positively predicts the state boredom of individuals with low creativity. Our findings suggest that different novelty-seeking behaviors may have different effects on the bo
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[11C] choline PET/CT may serve as a noninvasive biomarker for patients with cirrhosis.
[11C] choline PET/CT may serve as a noninvasive biomarker for patients with cirrhosis.The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum thrives in radically different host environments in mosquitoes and humans, with only a limited set of transcription factors. The nature of regulatory elements or the
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Prognostication in canine anal sac adenocarcinomas (ASACs) is difficult due to conflicting evidence regarding metastatic rates and median survival times (MSTs). The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a prognostic predictor in several human cancers. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess STAT3 expression in ASACs and to explore its association with clinical present
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Anticoagulated patients are often seen unnecessarily in the emergency department (ED) for epistaxis, leading to increased healthcare costs. Patients are often unaware of preventative and management techniques for handling epistaxis in the home.
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The classical surgical anatomy of the female pelvis is limited by its gynecological oncological focus on the parametrium and burdened by its modeling based on personal techniques of different surgeons. However, surgical treatment of pelvic diseases, spreading beyond the anatomical area of origin, requires extra-regional procedures and a thorough pelvic anatomical knowledge. This study evaluated the feasibil
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Following the image-guided X-ray PDT and anaerobic C. novyi- NT combination treatment, apoptotic cell death in cancer tissues, including both peripheral and central tumor regions, is significantly higher than in the control groups. This combination therapy approach using a nano-bio therapeutic emulsion is expected to overcome the limitations of conventional cancer therapy, resulting in increased cancer-therapeutic effica
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(1) Background Omega-3 fatty acids (ω3FAs) are known to improve protein anabolism, increase the sensitivity to anabolic stimuli, decrease lipogenesis, and stimulate lipid oxidation. We aim to investigate whether ω3FAs are associated with the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO). (2) Methods Data were obtained from the 2014-2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The ratio of daily ω3FA intake to en
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