Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
350,942 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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cytology based on sonographic criteria as for the general population and American Thyroid Association guidelines.BACKGROUND This study aimed to highlight cultural barriers faced by surgeons pursuing a surgical career faced by surgeons at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. As more females opt for a surgical career, barriers faced by female surgeons are becoming increasingly evident, many of which are rooted in cu
WinsteadSanchez1578
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These findings provide useful insights into the development of potent inhibitors for targeting Nef protein functions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Aims and objectives This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the psychometric quality of two single-item pain-intensity measures the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and the Verbal Rating Scale (VRS). Background Measuring pain intensity is a vital ste
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Specifically, our findings warrant the adoption of public health campaigns that provide health information and build trust in scientific knowledge.
Public health leaders must confront fear of the virus, improve knowledge, and bolster trust in science as these factors may evoke negative attitudes toward Asians and increase prejudice and discrimination. Specifically, our findings warrant the adopti
HolmeBarrera1346
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6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphate-4 (PFKFB4) is a key factor that plays an important role in tumorigenesis. However, its role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression needs to be further validated. We investigated whether PFKFB4 is directly involved in the oncogenic signaling networks of TNBC.
First, we assessed the expression level of PFKFB4 in tumor tissue
HussainHess3187
Vanzacaftor in vitro
Southernwood, Artemisia abrotanum L., is a plant that has been cultivated for centuries. Most probable is that it has its origin in the eastern Mediterranean area. It has been kept for its fragrance and has a history of being a medicinal and insect-repellent plant. In earlier centuries, the plant was commonly found in peasants’ gardens in Sweden and utilised especially as a component in the bouquets brought
HollisMunksgaard5808
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One of the approaches to cure human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the use of therapeutic vaccination. We have launched the Provir/Latitude 45 study to identify conserved CTL epitopes in archived HIV-1 DNA according to the HLA class I alleles in aviremic patients under antiretroviral therapy (ART). A HIV-1 polypeptidic therapeutic vaccine based on viral sequence data obtained from circulating blood was proposed;
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m past SARS-CoV-2 infection with high accuracy within 2 minutes compared to commercial CLIA or in-house ELISA. It can help track SARS-CoV-2 disease progression, population screening, and vaccination response. The ease of use of the assay without requiring any instruments while being semi-quantitative provides the avenue of its implementation in remote areas around the globe, where conventional serodiagnosis
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To determine the relationship between age and rate of lymph node metastasis, nodal burden of disease, as well as rate of lateral neck disease in papillary thyroid cancer, especially in patients aged <30 years.
Population-based cross-sectional study.
Population-based cancer database.
Data were ex
DoughertyGustafsson7306
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Patients with cirrhosis and significant coronary artery disease (CAD) are at risk of peri-liver transplantation (LT) cardiac events. The coronary artery disease in liver transplantation (CAD-LT) score and algorithm aim to predict the risk of significant CAD in LT candidates and guide pre-LT cardiac evaluation.
Patients who underwent pre-LT evaluation at Indiana
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Quarfloxin
Hydration of ions/molecules in nanometer-sized clusters or nanoscopic pores is ubiquitous and plays a key role in many chemical and physical systems. In this work, guanidine-H2O reactions with n = 1-8 water molecules were systematically studied by ab initio methods. The result suggests that the reduced availability of water molecules greatly inhibits the strong base guanidine from producing OH-. That is, guanidine exhibi
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Since the early studies of William J. McCormick in the 1950s, vitamin C has been proposed as a candidate for the treatment of cancer. A number of reports have shown that pharmacological concentrations of vitamin C selectively kill cancer cells in vitro and decrease the growth rates of a number of human tumor xenografts in immunodeficient mice. However, up to the date there is still doubt regarding this possible therapeutic
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Imagine a scenario where your team thrives, not just in their roles but as cohesive units. Visualize the excitement electrifying the atmosphere, with each participant stretching their capabilities and reaching unprecedented levels collectively. This goes beyond mere athletic ability; it’s about creating a space that nurtures resilience, flexibility, and collaboration. The collaboration fostered in these moments
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To conduct a systematic review of reviews to summarize the (1) risk for development and (2) prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and surgical treatment and (3) compare prevalence rates between surgical and nonsurgical treatment of ACL injury.
Five electronic databases were searched using medical subject heading and text words
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Recurrence of hiatus hernia reduced QoL. Surgery resulted in resolution of symptoms other than dysphagia which was incompletely improved. Patients’ overall satisfaction with surgery was high.
Composite repair of giant PEH is safe with overall good outcomes. Majority of hernia recurrence are small and asymptomatic. Hernia recurrence negatively affected long-term QoL scores.
StrandPatrick2880
Olaparib
Going forward, it will be important to implement these methods to more thoroughly protect the food supply for a wide variety of targeted and non-targeted chemical residues and contaminants while also having the regulatory framework in place to effectively manage the results of these comprehensive analyses. Graphical abstract.Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy enables the chemical characterization and
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The cytosolic delivery of hydrophilic, anionic molecular probes and therapeutics is a major challenge in chemical biology and medicine. Herein, we describe the design and synthesis of peptide-cage hybrids that allow an efficient supramolecular binding, cell membrane translocation and cytosolic delivery of a number of anionic dyes, including pyranine, carboxyfluorescein and several sulfonate-containing Alexa dyes. This sup
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Silmitasertib datasheet
Significantly, the RHEPIMWβ-CD and RHGAMWβ-CD could effectively purify acid battery effluent containing Pb(II) for meeting regulatory requirement. Overall, the fast fabrication, excellent adsorption and recycling performance facilitate the development of tailored adsorbents for Pb(II) elimination in wastewater.This study analyses the role of green growth in promoting a sustainable environment.
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heast Michigan, one of the early COVID-19 epicenters in the US, none of the EEG findings were significantly correlated with outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Although seizures and status epilepticus could be encountered in COVID-19, the occurrence did not correlate with the patients’ functional outcome.
In this large multicenter study from Southeast Michigan, one of the early COVID-19 epicente
HyldgaardHester4455
MYF0137
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive spherical bacterium that commonly causes various infections which can range from superficial to life-threatening. Hospital strains of S. aureus are often resistant to antibiotics, which has made their treatment difficult in recent decades. Other therapeutic alternatives have been postulated to overcome the drawbacks of antibiotic multi-resistance. Of these, photodynamic therapy (PD
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Pargyline in vivo
61)], women who had less than four antenatal visits [AOR 1.93(CI 1.23-3.03)], and emergency cesarean section [AOR 3.87(CI 2.51-5.98)]. Hypertensive disorders remain the commonest cause of the high maternal mortality at KBTH. Formal education and improvement in antenatal visits may help prevent these deaths.Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) has recently emerged as a global health issue especially in pregnant
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Background Arginases (ARG isoforms, ARG-1/ARG-2) are key regulatory enzymes of inflammation and tissue repair; however, their role after neonatal brain hypoxia (H) and hypoxia-ischemia (HI) remains unknown. Methods C57BL/6 mice subjected to the Vannucci procedure on postnatal day (P9) were sacrificed at different timepoints. The degree of brain damage was assessed histologically. ARG spatiotemporal localization
BarberEllegaard5975
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patients), area of life, and time point (before vs. during COVID-19) were observed, it can be concluded that the COVID-19 situation changed the subjective attribution of meaning concerning different aspects of life similarly in therapists as well as patients. While mental and physical health gained subjective importance, the opposite was observed for work.”Drug repositioning” is a current trend which
ValentineStanley2197
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BACKGROUND The 2009 China Intensive Care Units (ICU) prevention guidelines lack venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk assessment. This survey was conducted to assess the risk of VTE, develop and establish a diagnosis, and provide prevention and treatment guidelines for ICU VTE. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of ICU doctors ICUs was conducted online in the tertiary and secondary hospitals of Zhejian
MeyersLau9235
VVD-214
The severity and outcome of COVID-19 cases has been associated with the percentage of circulating lymphocytes (LYM%), levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), lactic acid (LA), and viral load (ORF1ab Ct). However, the predictive power of each of these indicators in disease classification and prognosis remains largely unclear.
We retrospectively co
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An online pH detection system is very critical in monitoring the sudden change of pH, especially in strongly acidic and alkaline conditions. We developed a pH sensing chip which works in the range of 5 M [H+]-pH 3.0 and pH 6.0-2 M [OH-] with response time of 90 s. The sensing chip was formed by coating a pH sensing membrane onto the wall of a microfluidic chamber. The pH sensing membrane was prepared b
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Phacoemulsification is the accepted first-line treatment for cataracts. This study aims to explore the changes in visual function and quality of life in patients with senile cataracts following phacoemulsification, and its risk factors.
The clinical data of 104 patients (202 eyes in total) with senile cataract who underwent phacoemulsification in our hospital from August 2017 to Augu
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uld be a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for chemoresistant GBM.
Epilepsy extends far beyond seizures; up to 80% of children with epilepsy (CWE) may have comorbid cognitive or mental health problems, and up to 50% of parents of CWE are at risk for major depression. Past research has also shown that family environment has a greater influence on children’s and parents’ health-rela
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The first comparative study of the expression of PD-L1 and immunohistochemical MSI markers, which has been conducted on a small sample, fails to draw unambiguous conclusions, but shows the need to investigate this phenomenon on large samples and by using genetic methods.The article presents published and own data about Takotsubo syndrome, a relatively rare heart disease that is similar to acute coronary synd
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In the presence of serine, either nuclear volume or magnetic isotope effects were observed depending on the wavelength of light and the extent of Hg(II) complexation by serine. In the presence of ethylenediamine, MIF was negative. Our Hg stable isotope results suggest that MDF and MIF are induced at different steps in the overall photochemical reduction reaction, and that MIF does not depend on the r
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Our hypothesis is that the diet supplement may be used to counteract the inflammatory processes triggered by glial cell activation, thus leading to spared RGC loss and the preservation of visual dysfunction. In this respect, the present compound may be viewed as a potential remedy to be added to the currently approved drug therapies for improving RGC protection. The effect of unmodified chitosan na
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In this study, a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor dominated by freshwater anammox bacteria (FAB) was used to study the performance and stress index of the anammox bacteria at various saline conditions. The reactor with an effective volume of 1.8 L was operated for about 160 days. The nitrogen-loading rate was maintained at 0.364 kg-N m-3d-1 throughout the operational period. At the start-
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Embolization with NL12 was impossible in the other two aneurysms due to leakage and adhesion of NL.
The configuration of NLI changed at each ratio. NLI231 is a feasible and safe liquid embolic material for balloon-assisted embolization of wide-necked aneurysms in swine.
The configuration of NLI changed at each ratio. NLI231 is a feasible and safe liquid embol
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e, prognosis and survival.This study analyzes the influence of grandmothers’ household residency on the presence of low height-for-age and excessive fat (FMI = fat mass [kg]/height [m2]), waist circumference, and sum of triceps and subscapular skinfolds in a sample of 247 6- to 8-year-old urban Maya children from Yucatan, Mexico. Between September 2011 and January 2014, we obtained anthropometric and bod
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Archaea (less than 8% of the total community of each tested spring) belonged to Bathyarchaeota, Aigarchaeota, and Thaumarchaeota. The geographical location and the predominantly autotrophic microbial community, built on mechanisms other than the sulfur cycle-based ones, make CHS a special and unique terrestrial geothermal ecosystem.The selection of T cells during intra-thymic d evelopment is crucial to obtain a fun
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Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among women globally. To facilitate early detection, all 40-74-year-old female residents of Sweden are invited to participate in a population-based mammographic screening programme. Approximately 20% of all invited women decline the offer, and if this is due to systematic differences that can be adjusted, it can indicate inequity in healthcare. Assessment of and
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g protected against PPM occurrence. Severe PPM was independently associated with all-cause mortality.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the degree of aortic angulation (AA) affects outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) using newer-generation transcatheter heart valves (THVs).
AA≥48° has been reported to adversely infl
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Significance. These findings suggest that visual attention has positive effects on both tactile P300 BCI performance and user-evaluation. Copyright © 2020 Zongmei Chen et al.Bioethicists and institutional review boards often worry that paying human subjects too much money for research participation might compromise informed consent by coercing or unduly influencing individuals to enroll in studies against their b
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Fruit sensitivities in latex allergic patients have been well established as Latex-fruit syndrome. Our case highlights the association of latex sensitization and jackfruit anaphylaxis.
We present a case of Jackfruit anaphylaxis associated with latex allergy in a non-healthcare worker from Midwestern United States. As jackfruit becomes more popular in non-endemic regions, its possible cros
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ALW II-41-27
consideration. No significant loss of function in the remaining lower moiety was found.
To report our novel technique and mid-term follow-up for robotic-assisted laparoscopic vaginectomy (RALV), a component procedure of staged gender-affirming penile reconstructive surgery.
The records of patients seeking gender-affirming penile reconstructive surgery who
CruzJuhl9931
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Prior to the effective use of local anesthetics to achieve profound pulpal anesthesia before extirpation, whether in the form of a nerve block or infiltration, or in some cases the use of intrapulpal injections,1, 2 the clinician was faced with a challenge to ensure that the patient would be pain free during the procedure. In these cases the use of nitrous oxide and oxygen was common. Not so common was t
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A bedside crib is an infant cot with a bassinet-style design that is securely attached to your bed. It can be rotated so that mums can easily reach their infant at night for feeding and soothing.
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© 2020, Lee et al.All of the known porcine sapeloviruses (PSVs) currently belong to a single genotype in the genus Sapelovirus (family Picornaviridae). Here, the complete genome of a second, possibly recombinant, genotype of PSV strain SZ1M-F/PSV/HUN2013 (MN807752) from a faecal sample of a paraplegic pig in Hungary was characterized using viral metagenomics and RT-PCR. This sapelovirus strain showed only 64 % nuc
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ERK inhibitor clinical trial
BACKGROUND We need an effective treatment to cure COVID-19 patients and to decrease virus carriage duration. METHODS We conducted an uncontrolled, non-comparative, observational study in a cohort of 80 relatively mildly infected inpatients treated with a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin over a period of at least three days, with three main measurements clinical outcome, contagiousness as assessed b
JokumsenFulton0023
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The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of rituximab (RTX) in the management of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) antibody-positive dermatomyositis (DM), with or without rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD).
Medical records of DM patients with anti-MDA5 antibodies treated with RTX therapy were reviewed retrospectively. S
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No statistically significant difference was found in the number of the tumor(s) and heart failure.
Fetal cardiac tumors can have serious perinatal mortality. The cardiac tumor size was found to be associated with perinatal mortality. The survival is not different between the cases with solitary and multiple tumors and those with and without conges
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A wide range of mediators are released from the pulp tissue because of bacterial invasion which causes inflammation. Interleukins (ILs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have a leading role in initiating and spreading of inflammation because of their synergic action. Biomarkers such as ILs and MMPs can be identified via several methods, establishing the inflammatory response of the dental pulp. The aim of th
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