Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
313,704 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
Sodiumcholate
Emergent biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are expected to provide earlier and more precise diagnoses. However, even if biomarkers live up to these expectations, it cannot be taken for granted that patients actually would value an earlier and more precise AD diagnosis. Based on an interview study, we aim to give more insight into the value of an AD diagnosis for patients, in existing as well as future pra
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CappsJenkins7869
VPS34 inhibitor 1 clinical trial
Thermal modification was simply performed on molybdenite to enhance the adsorption of Pb(II) in aqueous solutions, and the root of this phenomenon was well studied in this work. Various thermal modification temperatures at 300 °C, 400 °C and 500 °C were applied to modify the surface property of molybdenite, producing different degrees of edge defect and surface wettability i
SteenPollock8510
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Tissue alterations such as swellings of the eyelids often occurred in CLOV, but less so in ISO. Our results suggest that injection of isoeugenol causes less pain and thus seems to be beneficial compared to hot-iron disbudding, while clove oil was not advantageous. Regarding the effectiveness of isoeugenol to prevent horn growth, more studies are needed.Head and neck cancers include cancers that originate from a varie
NygaardMcDonald5913
selleck kinase inhibitor
The unadjusted local and distant recurrence rates were not negligible, suggesting that adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy may be warranted in select cases.Objective To determine the effect of CYP2D6 metabolizer status on aripiprazole tolerability in pediatric patients with mood disorders. Methods We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical record data for 277 patients ≤18 years of age (at the ti
WuRichards1162
selleck chemical
Schizophrenia (SZ) is typically preceded by a prodromal (i.e. pre-illness) period characterized by attenuated positive symptoms and declining functional outcome. Negative symptoms are prominent among individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis (i.e. those with prodromal syndromes) and predictive of conversion to illness. Mechanisms underlying negative symptoms are unclear in the CHR population.
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We arrive at a working model for the timeline of evolution of weedy rice in Italy indicating that both exoferality and endoferality acted as forces driving the development of the diverse weedy rice populations found in the region today. Models of weed evolution can help to predict the direction which weed development might take and to develop new, sustainable methods to control fera
SchwartzMejer9289
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Numerous ear-related wearables require precise measurements of the external acoustic meatus (EAM) to optimise function and comfort. The purpose of this study is to describe a novel methodology for measuring the EAM. A total of 23 measurement variables (18 novel) of the EAM from the entrance to the second bend were collected on 700 Chinese subjects (age 15-83) using casting and 3D scanning over seven ag
McHughAkhtar7717
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Located down the middle of the city, Pilates at Sarah’s comes with a rejuvenating way of fitness that emphasizes strength, flexibility, and overall well-being. Founded by Sarah, an authorized Pilates instructor which has a desire for helping others, this studio has quickly become a haven for fitness enthusiasts and newcomers alike. With individualized attention as well
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A photography safari is a dream adventure for wildlife enthusiasts and photographers alike. Combining the excitement of your traditional safari using the focused intent of capturing stunning images, these trips give you a unique possiblity to immerse yourself in the natural world while honing your photography skills. Whether you’re a novice photographer or perhaps a seasoned pr
OgdenMangum2763
NSC167409
Beta-lapachone (β-Lap) is an anticancer drug activated by the NAD(P)Hquinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), an enzyme over-expressed in a large variety of tumors. B-Lap is poorly soluble in water and in most biocompatible solvents. Micellar systems, liposomes and cyclodextrins (CDs) have been proposed for its solubilization. In this work, we analyzed the properties and in vitro efficacy of β-Lap loaded in polymer nanopa
ClemensenSkovbjerg7375
Bromoenol lactone
To create a realistic 3D perception on glasses-free displays, it is critical to support continuous motion parallax, greater depths of field, and wider fields of view. A new type of Layered or Tensor light field 3D display has attracted greater attention these days. Using only a few light-attenuating pixelized layers (e.g., LCD panels), it supports many views from different viewing directions that can be
ContrerasForbes9717
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If your boiler isn’t warming your home, it may need a repair work. This issue could be triggered by a range of elements, including damaged parts and air clogs.
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PI-103
Five traditional models of supervised learning and two deep learning methods are explored to tackle this problem. Through the experiments with real datasets, the proposed methods were found to achieve higher precision, recall and accuracy with less training time. The best accuracy can reach up to 91% and 95%, by J48DT, and LSTM, respectively, in different living environments.Recent advances in our understanding of breast canc
TranbergCarlton5293
ONO-7475
Immune checkpoints are inhibitory receptor/ligand pairs regulating immunity that are exploited as key targets of anti-cancer therapy. Although the PD-1/PD-L1 pair is one of the most studied immune checkpoints, several aspects of its biology remain to be clarified. It has been established that PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor up-regulated by activated T, B, and NK lymphocytes and that its ligand PD-L1 mediates a negative fee
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French doors offer a classic look and add elegance to your home. However, they are quite heavy and require more space than sliding patio doors. swing open and closed.
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ALK assay
One patient (0.23%) had recurrence after endoscopic resection, while no cases of malignant degeneration were seen (mean follow-up103.3 ± 93months). Seventy-six patients (14%) had associated lung cancer, synchronous in 9 (12%) and metachronous in 67 (88%). Only age > 70-year-old (p = 0.0059) and smokers > 20 cigarettes/day (p < 0.0001) were the significant risk factors for lung cancer.
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0001], and greater reduction in CRP 48-72 h into admission [median ΔCRP -33 (IQR -112 to +3.5) versus +14 (IQR -15.5 to +70.5) mg/L, P < 0.0001]. These observations were recapitulated in the independent validation cohort at BH (169 CAP and 181 COVID-19 patients). A multivariate logistic regression model incorporating WCC and ΔCRP discriminated CAP from COVID-19 with AUC 0.88 (95% CI 0.83-0.94). Baseline WCC >
BradyStephenson3093
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Victims of urban violence are at risk of developing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), one of the most debilitating consequences of violence. Considering that PTSD may be associated with inefficient selection of defensive responses, it is important to understand the relation between motor processing and PTSD. The present study aims to investigate the extent to which the severi
AlexandersenThaysen4135
Orforglipron
001). Hypotension showed a strong correlation with unfavorable neurological outcome, especially in the early phase after TTM initiation, and complications. It is essential to manage hypotension that occurs at the beginning of TTM initiation to recover cerebral function in cardiac arrest patients.Chronic complex illness/multimorbidity is a leading cause of death worldwide. Many people with chronic complex
UlrichMejia9867
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Safety monitoring will be performed using scales for side effect, serious adverse events recording, and laboratory tests. Conclusion This trial is expected to clarify the efficacy of SFN in improving prodromal symptoms, and its role in decreasing the risk and conversion rate of psychosis among CHR subjects. The results will also provide solid evidence about the efficacy and safety of SFN in CHR population. Potential
DissingJenkins1795
AMPK activator
Recent data indicate that acute kidney damage leads to inflammation in the brain and other distant organs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of acute kidney injury (AKI) according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) criteria on the occurrence of postoperative delirium in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We performed a retrospective c
MichelsenChristian9172
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65%. Under high compaction pressure (75, 100, 124 and 149 MPa), the high-pressure spraying method has a significant effect on increasing the relaxation density, not only on the compressive strength.Multiple environmental concerns such as garbage generation, accumulation in disposal systems and recyclability are powerful drivers for the use of many biodegradable materials. Due to the new uses and requests of plastic user
FairclothLong6761
2,3-Butanedione-2-monoxime datasheet
© The author(s).Background Endothelial dysfunction is one of the underlying causes for vascular diseases. tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), a short-chain lipid hydroperoxide analog, has been reported to cause adverse effects in different systems. However, the adverse actions of t-BHP on inducing endothelial dysfunction are unclear and remain under investigation. Aim of the pre
LowryMacMillan9377
Bafilomycin A1 mouse
No clear answer has yet been attained as to the influence of prenatal exposure to infection on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), either alone or as co-occurring issues. The current study examined links between hospital-recorded and maternal-reported prenatal infections and ASD, ADHD, and co-occurring ASD and ADHD.
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WallerFrantzen8768
C75 inhibitor
Stereotactic body radiotherapy has emerged as one of the preferred treatments for patients with spine metastases, with the potential for long-term control from lesion irradiation. Post-treatment vertebral compression fractures are a known complication of this therapy, contributing to worsening pain and reduced quality of life, sometimes requiring surgical intervention. This review explores the current knowledge of post-r
FaulknerMaynard7884
selleck compound
This study aimed to determine the role of sulfhydryl compounds in the subcells of C. rupestris under Pb stress. Different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 mg/L) and different exposure days (1, 3, 5, and 7 days) were designed to analyze the subcellular distribution of non-protein thiols (NPT), glutathione (GSH), and phytochelatins (PCs) in C. rupestris. NPT, GSH, and PCs increased significantly wi
CannonBenjamin9251
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An autism assessment can be a comprehensive evaluation process utilized to determine whether a person meets the standards for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This assessment is important for identifying specific support needs and creating effective intervention strategies. Autism is really a complex neurodevelopmental condition seen as an differences in social communication, rep
KjeldgaardFrench6002
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s were decreased significantly (P<0.05). IL-6, IL-1 beta, TNF-α levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05). IL-10 level was significantly increased (P<0.05). The ratios of cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9/caspase-9, and Bax/Bcl-2 were significantly reduced (P<0.05), showing that the pathological damage degree and the apoptosis rate was significantly lower.
TimmermannBrady3304
Proteasome inhibitor
The effect of localised head and neck per-cooling on central and peripheral fatigue during high thermal strain was investigated. Fourteen participants cycled for 60 min at 50% V̇O2peak on three occasions CON (18°C), HOT (35°C) and HOT with cooling (HOTcooling). Maximal voluntary force (MVF) and central activation ratio (CAR) of the knee extensors were measured every 30s during a sustained maximal voluntary contractio
WinklerRichardson8568
UPF 1069 mouse
Osteoarthritis is a debilitating joint disease that is characterized by pathologic changes in both cartilage and bone, potentially involving cross talk between these tissues that is complicated by extraneous factors that are difficult to study in vivo. To create a model system of these cartilage-bone interactions, we developed an osteochondral organoid from murine induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Using this a
HuangToft9425
Veliparib ic50
9, 70.4%; 6.0 ≤ HbA1c ≤ 6.9, 69.7%; 7.0 ≤ HbA1c ≤ 7.9, 70.7%; ≥8.0 HbA1c, 18.8%; P = 0.002; and 5-year OS HbA1c ≤ 5.9, 88.7%; 6.0 ≤ HbA1c ≤ 6.9, 80.6%; 7.0 ≤ HbA1c ≤ 7.9, 90.2%; ≥8.0 HbA1c, 66.7%; P = 0.046). Patients in the HbA1c ≥ 8.0 group had significantly more tumours with vascular invasion (P = 0.041) and experienced distant metastasis significantly more often (P = 0.028) than those with other values. A multiva
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on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Fully bioresorbable scaffolds have been designed to overcome the limitations of traditional drug-eluting stents (DESs), which permanently cage the native vessel wall and pose possible complications. The ultrathin-strut designed sirolimus-eluting iron bioresorbable coronary scaffold system (IBS) shows comparable mechanical propert
LinJepsen7046
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Add is usually treated with medication and psychosocial treatment. Medications for ADHD can include stimulants like amphetamine and methylphenidate compounds, or nonstimulant medications such as atomoxetine (Strattera), bupropion (Wellbutrin) and tricyclic antidepressants. Clonidine, a mood stabilizer, and Guanfacine (Catapres, Kapvay) can be used to treat the treatm
BagerSweet1283
mTOR activity
Our study shows that good interaction protocols can guarantee improved decision performance that easily surpasses the performance of individual agents, even of realistic super-human AI systems. This finding highlights the importance of focusing on how to guarantee better co-operation within human-AI teams, so to enable safer and more human sustainable care practices.
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ChristophersenNavarro9135
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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of machine learning (ML) algorithms and to compare them to logistic regression for the prediction of risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes (DM), and hypertension (HTN) and in a prospective cohort study using simple clinical predictors. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted analyses in a population-based cohort study in Asian ad
WilderMcDowell1025
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Sleep/wake cycle modifications as being a cause of neurodegenerative conditions: A new Mendelian randomization examine.
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Near-normal MPI and borderline ischemia on SPECT-MPI provide no significant prognostic information in predicting hard cardiac events but are associated with higher rates of ob
JunkerBlanchard7968
MSU42011
Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments (MVF) are used as vascularization units in tissue engineering. In this study, we investigated whether the vascularization capacity of MVF can be improved by systemic low-dose erythropoietin (EPO) administration. MVF were isolated from the epididymal fat of donor mice and seeded onto collagen-glycosaminoglycan matrices, which were implanted into full-thickness skin defects wi
OliverGreen0729
selleck
There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in the type of material used for cleaning teeth [p = 0.020]. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of brushing their teeth everyday [p = 0.005, duration of brushing [p = 0.052], tools used for cleaning teeth [p = 0.023] and method employed to control mouth odour.
The informatio
WalterRoberts4704
ACY1215
Overweight and obesity are emerging public health problems in Ethiopia. However, primary study findings on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Ethiopia are inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults in Ethiopia.
Studies that looked at overweight and obesity among adults were searched from fou
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Epigenetic mechanisms have not been characterized in ticks despite their importance as vectors of human and animal diseases worldwide. Our investigation identifies and functionally characterizes the orthologue of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) binding methyltransferase enzyme, disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like (DOT1L) in Ornithodoros moubata (OmDOT1L), a soft tick vector for the relapsing fever pathogen Borrelia duttoni
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05). ASE and PEF extraction processes can be used as new technologies to extract high-added-value compounds from fish by-products.On a crowdsourcing platform, in order to cheat for rewards or sabotage the crowdsourcing processes, spam workers may submit numerous erroneous answers to the tasks published by requesters. This type of behavior extremely reduces the completion rate of tasks and the enthus
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However, the optimal practice for follow-up remains unclear and there is an active search for imaging markers for recurrent disease, including CT texture analysis, biomarker assays, new PET/CT isotopes, and magnetic resonance imaging.
The aim of the study was to review the radiological changes that are objectified after pulmonary SBRT and the metabolic changes in
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LaustsenAbel8969
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The high toughness of natural spider-silk is attributed to their unique β-sheet secondary structures. However, the preparation of mechanically strong β-sheet rich materials remains a significant challenge due to challenges involved in processing the polymers/proteins, and managing the assembly of the hydrophobic residues. Inspired by spider-silk, our approach effectively utilizes the superior mechanical toughness and
ClarkRosendahl1544
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HbA1c significantly decreased in patients after 180 days of sensor wear (-0.43% ± 0.69%, 5 ± 8 mmol/mol, P less then 0.0001). As expected, CGM-naïve patients achieved the greatest reduction in HbA1c (-0.74% ± 0.48%, 8 ± 5 mmol/mol). TIR significantly increased and TAR and mean daily sensor glucose significantly decreased while TBR did not change after 180 days of sensor wear. CONCLUSIONS Real-world clinical
CoughlinNymand8615
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84±0.89 in patients with IGHD; -0.47±0.2 in patients with MPHD (p˃0.05). In multiple regression analysis, First Year Delta Height-SDS was the most predictive factor for both FAH-SDS and Delta Height-SDS. Conclusion GH treatment provided the majority of our patients to achieve a final height compatible with their genetic potential as well as population standards. First Year Delta Height-SDS was found a predictive f
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High uptake of Covid-19 vaccination is required to reach herd immunity.
A representative sample of 2,060 Belgians were surveyed in October 2020. Regression analyses identified the predictors associated with willingness to get vaccinated against Covid-19, and attitudes toward vaccination in general.
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Using psychiatric drugs to treat drug dependence and its comorbidities is very common. The objective of this study was to analyze the interactions between prescribed drugs for patients treated at a specialized mental health-care center for persons who use drugs, located in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted on secondary data collected from 2010 to 2018. We reviewed the medical
LorenzenMcPherson4442