Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states.
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
273,760 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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To understand the complication and histopathological characteristics between the Silk Fibroin/Polyurethanes (SF/PU) and the host response, and to unveil the compatibility of the patch in diabetes individuals.
Rats were divided into DM and control (CT) groups, and the DM group was induced with streptozotocin. All gr
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Pediatric symptom checklist (PSC)-youth self-report short version was administered telephonically to children between 11-15 years to study the impact on mental health. Out of 423 children, 130 (30.7%) had psychosocial problems, of which 107 (25.2%) had anxiety or depressive symptoms. The common reasons were fear of acquiring COVID-19 infection (60%), not able to attend school (56%), and not able to
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FLT3-ITD is a constitutively activated variant of the FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor. Its expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with a poor prognosis. Due to this, the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) blocking FLT3-ITD became a rational therapeutic concept. This review describes key milestones in the clinical development of different FLT3-specific TKI with a particular focus on FLT3-TKI mai
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9% were positive for vaccine HPV types 16/18 while the remaining 34% were positive for other HR HPV. When comparing with prevaccination prevalence data, HPV-16/18 decreased by 95%; RR = 0.05 (95% CI 0.04-0.06), while other HR HPV remained fairly constant; RR = 0.88 (95% CI 0.82-0.94) and RR = 0.95 (95% CI 0.88-1.03), respectively. One-third of women vaccinated as girls with the quadrivalent HPV-vacci
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Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is hematopoiesis occurring outside of the bone marrow. It has been reported to develop in abdominal organs or lymph nodes after chemotherapy. Here, the authors describe a patient with a localized central nervous system embryonal tumor who, during intensive chemotherapy, developed dural nodules. Biopsy revealed these nodules to be EMH. Without a pathologic
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Insomnia affects up to one in four adolescents and has been shown to have a negative impact on their mental and physical health. This study aimed to investigate the association between insomnia, academic performance, self-reported health, physical activity, school start time, and substance use among adolescents.
A survey with a cross-sectional design
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The effort to control schistosomiasis in Nigeria has been scaled up the past few years. Schistosomiasis affects all age groups, however, school children are at the highest risk of the disease. In the past years, global partners in schistosomiasis control have renewed their commitments. Many countries including few in Africa are working towards eliminating the disease. In Nigeria, the transmission of schis
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the surface modification of calcium ions on roughened titanium as a surface treatment of dental implants for cell attachment, growth, and initial bacterial adhesion. When a surface-roughened, pure titanium disk was immersed in a calcium chloride solution (100 mM) containing 20 ppm ozone for 24 h at 25ºC, calcium was detected on the surface by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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8 ± 10.1 vs. 40.6 ± 8.9, P less then 0.01; SDS 55.1 ± 12.2 vs. 43.6 ± 11.9, P less then 0.01). In SCA3, the risk of exposure to COVID-19, educational level, disease course and the severity of ataxia may be factors affecting patients’ mental health. More attention should be paid to the mental health of SCA patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
APOE ε4 is independently associated with lobar intr
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In this review, we discuss the most recent efforts towards novel non-viral delivery systems, focusing on strategies and mechanisms of peptide-based delivery systems, that can specifically deliver CRISPR components to different cell types for therapeutic and research purposes.Fear of gaining weight (FGW), body image disturbances, associated anxiety and body-related attentional bias are the core symptoms of anorexia ne
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Purpose We hypothesized that longitudinal changes in corneal nerve morphology would differ between the central cornea and inferior whorl in relation to other measures of diabetic neuropathy. Methods Thirty patients with diabetes (age 54.08 ± 15.86, duration 23.95 ± 14.2, HbA1c 7.51 ± 1.37) and 19 age-matched healthy controls (age 49.47 ± 13.25) underwent assessment of neuropathy disability score (NDS), vibration perception th
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Background The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to dramatic changes worldwide in people’s everyday lives. To combat the pandemic, many governments have implemented social distancing, quarantine, and stay-at-home orders. There is limited research on the impact of such extreme measures on mental health. Objective The goal of this study was to examine whether stay-at-home orders produced differential
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Their performance on LSUT was reassessed 1 week later to establish the test-retest reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the reliability of LSUT, and Spearman’s rho was used to quantify the strength of correlations between LSUT counts and secondary outcomes. Results The LSUT counts exhibited good to excellent intrarater, interrater, and test-retest reliability (ICC 0.869-0.
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BACKGROUND For patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive advanced breast cancer, whether the combination of anastrozole and fulvestrant is more effective than anastrozole alone is controversial. Our meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of the two therapies. METHODS We retrieved relevant studies in Embase, the Cochrane Library, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus,
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The sensitivity of the sensor was between 0.97 and 1.28 and varies with different elongation %. This may be due to the mechanical deformation characteristics of knitted samples that lead to changes in conductivity. We advise that the testing performed in this paper is done by default on new stretch sensitive textile materials, so practical use of the material can be correctly estimated.In early stages of Alzheimer’
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ne-sensitive lipase; IR insulin receptor; IRS insulin receptor substrate; JNK c-JUN N-terminal kinase; MGL monoacylglycerol lipase; NaF sodium fluoride; NF-κB nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; PBS phosphate buffered- saline; PCB pyruvate carboxylase; PDE phosphodiesterase; PKA protein kinase cAMP-dependent; PMSF phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride; PPARγ perilipin peroxisome proliferator-acti
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Treatment of bacteria with salicylic acid, the plant hormone produced during immunity, reduced bacterial growth, decreased gene expression for methylglyoxal detoxification enzymes, and increased bacterial methylglyoxal concentrations in vitro. Increased methylglyoxal concentrations reduced bacterial reproduction. These findings support the hypothesis that plant immunity involves the chemical induction of adverse change
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A 45-year-old man with unresectable locally advanced pancreas head cancer with multiple synchronous liver metastases was treated with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel therapy as a first-line chemotherapy. During 24 months of 30 courses of this therapy, the primary lesion remained stable and liver metastases were completely disappeared on CT. Three months later, however, solitary relapse of liver metastasis occurred in segment
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Automatic segmentation of brain tumors has the potential to enable volumetric measures and high-throughput analysis in the clinical setting. Reaching this potential seems almost achieved, considering the steady increase in segmentation accuracy. However, despite segmentation accuracy, the current methods still do not meet the robustness levels required for patient-centered clinical use. In this regard, uncerta
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In addition, this bio-stabilizer itself would remain stable in the upper gastrointestinal track and serve as a prebiotic for gut microbiota. We anticipate GGM to complement or even replace many of the conventional carriers of bioactive components in future health care products and functional foods.Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. The neuropathological features of AD include amylo
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Oscillometry blood pressure measurements are commonly used to measure blood pressure for many patients at hospitals, home, and office and they are actively studied recently. These devices generally offer a single blood pressure point and they are not able to indicate the confidence interval of the measured quantity. Therefore, we introduce a novel technique using ensemble-based adaptive methodology to measure confidence int
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Moreover, up-regulated DEGs with alternative splicing events were involved in important biological processes including nuclear transport, regulation of cell cycle and regulation of Wnt signaling pathway. These findings highlight the role of aberrant alternative splicing in shaping the ETMR tumor landscape, and the identified pathways constitute potential therapeutic targets.Cervical cancer is usually diagnosed in th
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Treatment of add involves counseling, medication and education. Medications for attention deficit disorder (ADD) are usually stimulant drugs such as methylphenidate, amphetamine and dextroamphetamine-amphetamine (Adderall XR, Vyvanse). Atomoxetine and guanfacine as well as other non-stimulants are also offered.
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Purpose To describe the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of two families with cone dystrophy with supernormal rod responses (CDSRR) presenting with a pseudodominant inheritance of disease. Observations Three affected members from each family were ascertained. Family 1 of Egyptian ancestry showed consanguinity, and Family 2 was of Northern Iraqi ancestry. Both fam
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Then, inputs related to fluid dynamics were relevant to tune the characteristics of the stabilized nanoparticles even further. NFL model showed great potential to support pharmaceutical research by finding subtle relationships between several variables, even from incomplete or fragmented data, which is common in pharmaceutical development.Kynurenine (KYN), a main metabolite of tryptophan in mammals, is a direct precursor of
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Though clinical practice guidelines are available, the diagnosis of pediatric hypertension (HTN) is often missed. Management may not follow guidelines due to the measurement challenges in children, complexity of interpreting youth blood pressure standards that are dependent on height, age, and sex, familiarity with diagnostic criteria, and variable comfort with management of pediatric HTN among providers. Evidence su
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In addition, we also provide a perspective on how deep learning methods might be developed for the integrative imputation of multi-omics datasets.The herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is a well-known ornamental flowering and pharmaceutical plant found in China. Its high medicinal value has long been recognized by traditional Chinese medicine (as Radix paeoniae Alba and Radix paeoniae Rubra), and it has become econ
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lexes could effectively accumulate in tumor sites and then rapidly release the CDDP and pIL-12, significantly inhibit the growth of lung cancer. This strategy provides a new concept for chemo-gene combination with a strengthened overall therapeutic efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy.Recently, injectable conducting polymer-based hydrogels (CPHs) have received increasing attention in tissue engineering owing to their controlled conductiv
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In real-world clinical practice, biologics in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) may be discontinued for a variety of reasons, including discontinuation initiated by gastroenterologists. The aims of the study are to report outcomes after discontinuation and predictors of prognosis after a minimum follow-up of 24 months; outcomes of gastroenterologist-initiated discontinuation with resulting direct c
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Judi ialah aktivitas yang kemungkinan beberapa orang mengelitinya lantaran diparang agama dan terserang ancaman hukuman di Indonesia. Tetapi tak berarti tidak ada pelaku judi ya, kenyataannya orang yang kerap main judi semakin. Manalagi dunia judi saat ini pula ikuti jaman yang serba online. Cuma memerlukan gadget dan akses internet lancar Amda dapat bermain. Apabila Anda mau mendapat keuntungan yang fakta memiliki arti mesti
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Preterm children belong to the risk group of bleeding into the central nervous system or haemorrhages in the course of sepsis. Rare causes of such bleedings should also be borne in mind, including haemophilia. The initial symptoms of haemophilia in preterm children occur in the first days of their lives, which is connected with a number of invasive procedures required
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults has been associated with thrombosis. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with COVID-19 case series have reported high fibrinogen levels, but it is not known whether this causes thrombophilia. We report two patients needing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) who both suffered thrombotic complications. We retrospectively reviewed patie
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Currently, clinical characterization of metastatic breast cancer is based on tissue samples taken at time of diagnosis. However, tissue biopsies are invasive and tumors are continuously evolving, which indicates the need for minimally invasive longitudinal assessment of the tumor. Blood-based liquid biopsies provide minimal invasive means for serial sampling ov
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The debate regarding the role of conscientious objection in healthcare has been protracted, with increasing demands for curbs on conscientious objection. There is a growing body of evidence that indicates that in some cases, high rates of conscientious objection can affect access to legal medical services such as abortion-a major concern of critics of conscientious objection. Moreover, few solutions have been put forwar
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We identified upregulated pathways including cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis, as well as downregulated pathways of transcriptional misregulation in cancer and T cell receptor signaling. We also confirm that depletion of eIF5B leads to activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) arm of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) path
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Foliar detection showed that lipopeptides (LPs) have an inhibitory effect on P. infestans. The amplification of LP genes revealed surfactin (srfAB, srfAC) and fengycin (fenB) genes in SDTB038, but only surfactin production by B. velezensis SDTB038 was observed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis. Therefore, the strain B. velezensis SDTB038 can produce secondary metabolites that help potato plants resist late blight development, can
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The study was aimed to investigate the association among emotion regulation, optimism and quality of life among gastric ulcer patients.
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Results suggested that trees may exhibit more complex physiological responses to the changing environmental conditions over multidecadal periods, and complicating the parameterisation of Earth system models and the estimation of future carbon sink capacity and water balance in midlatitude forests and elsewhere.Xanthatin (Xa) is a bicyclic sesquiterpene lactone identified from the plant Xanthium L. with imp
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Advances in single-cell RNA-seq technology have led to great opportunities for the quantitative characterization of cell types, and many clustering algorithms have been developed based on single-cell gene expression. However, we found that different data preprocessing methods show quite different effects on clustering algorithms. Moreover, there is no specific preprocessing method that is a
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Neighborhood parks are important locations to encourage and stimulate physical activity (PA) among the urban population. This study aims to evaluate the impact of an informational intervention on adult park use and PA behaviors in 3 low-income, racially diverse urban neighborhoods in Minneapolis, MN.
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Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Nanomaterials that comprise titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have received much attention owing to their wide applications; presently, the green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles is a developing research area. In this study, the TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized through a DC-pulsed discharge plasma over an aqueous solution surface under a high-pressure argon env
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The current research work focuses mainly on improving the performance and emission characteristics of nanoparticle-blended mahua oil-fueled diesel engine. This work concentrates on finding the optimum quantity of nanoparticles to be blended with mahua oil so that it can be effectively deployed in compression ignition (CI) engine. A 4-stroke diesel engine with 3.7 kW at 1500 rpm was employed in
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Thirteen percent of patients were diagnosed with masked HTN. Office systolic BP monitoring was significantly higher in patients older than 50 years old compared to other younger populations. However, this significant difference in systolic BP was diminished when assessment with ABPM was performed. In conclusion, ABPM is a reliable modality for the identification of masked HTN
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new, single-dose bivalent vaccine containing porcine circovirus type 2b (PCV2b) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae against a dual PCV2b and M. hyopneumoniae challenge. At -25 days post challenge (dpc, 10 days of age), one pig group (designated as the vaccinated/challenged group) received a single, 1.0 ml dose of bivalent vaccine. Pigs in both the vaccinated/challenged
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