Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
217,952 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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We observed IL-6 (p = 2.1e-07), and GDNF (p = 0.046) were significantly correlated between brain and CSF. In addition, IL-6 (p = 0.031), were significantly correlated between brain and plasma. Overall diagnostic group analysis showed a significant difference with brain GDNF, p = 0.0106. Pairwise comparisons showed that GDNF level is-39.9 ± 12 pg/ml, p = 0.0106, was significantly higher than in the brains derived from
BurksForbes3961
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The project would be led because of the which Vision Programme in collaboration with Cochrane Eyes and Vision. A Technical Advisory Group, composed of community health insurance and clinical experts in the industry, will offer technical input throughout all stages of development. The PECI will help Ministries of wellness in prioritising, preparing,
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OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the role of decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, in the degradation of cartilage matrix during the progression of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). METHODS The destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery was applied to 3-month-old decorin-null and inducible decorin knockout mice to induce PTOA. The resulted OA phenotype was evaluated by assessing joint morpho
EstesKofoed2068
Purmorphamine mouse
Our predictions indicate a stronger role of pH over other predictors (e.g. climate) in governing distributions of bacteria, yet the predicted future changes in bacteria communities are smaller than their current variation across space. The extent of bacterial community change predictions varies as a function of elevation, but in general, deviations from neutral soil pH are expected to decrease abundances a
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In this review, we summarize our work on the development of ruthenium complexes, which was performed over the last few years.Giant pandas consume different structural parts of bamboo (shoots, leaves and culms) during different seasons. Previous research showed different bamboo parts have varying nutritional content and that a long-term diet consisting of a single part of bamboo resulted in rema
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Epidemiologic data from 2,437 patients who tested positive for malaria from March 2016 to December 2018 and consented to provide samples for molecular sequencing are presented here. Of these, 936 (38.4%) patients reported self-treatment with any medication since the onset of their illness before diagnosis; overall, 69 (2.8%) patients reported taking an antimalarial. Ten patients (0.4%) reported trav
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4 [0.3]) was not superior to multimodal analgesia alone (overall treatment effect, marginal mean [standard error] 3.7 [0.3]) in pain scores over the study period (treatment differences between no block and anterior quadratus lumborum block, 0.7 [95% CI, -0.1 to 1.5]; P = 0.059). Postanesthesia care unit antiemetic use, patient satisfaction, and opioid consumption for 0 to 24 h were not significantly different. There was no differe
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The novel SARS-CoV-2 uses the ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) receptor as an entry point. Insights on S protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) interaction with ACE2 receptor and drug repurposing has accelerated drug discovery for the novel SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finding small molecule binding sites in the S protein and ACE2 interface is crucial in the search of effective drugs to prevent viral entry. In this s
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71). No method was significantly better than the Gentry classification.Conclusion The Gentry classification for TAI correlates with functional outcome, but is a poor predictor for the long-term functional outcome. None of the other tested methods was significantly better.BACKGROUND Solutions to create enabling nutrition environments must come from within communities and involve multiple sectors. As vital
McCurdyWalther5549
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We explore unique structural and functional aspects, detail Ku expression, conservation, and essentiality in different species, discuss the evidence for its involvement in a diverse range of cellular functions, highlight Ku protein interactions and recent work concerning Ku-binding motifs, and finally, we summarize the clinical Ku-related research to date.
We pres
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Research on emerging adults shows this population exhibits the highest rates of alcohol use and engages in the riskiest of behaviors (Boyer, 2006; Fromme, Corbin, & Kruse, 2008). Among experimental paradigms, prior reviews have established an increase in behavioral risk taking while under the influence of alcohol (Moskowitz & Robinson, 1988; Martin et al., 2013; Weafer & Fillmore, 2016). Previous research
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Therefore, it was difficult to distinguish hemorrhagic glioblastoma from an intracerebral hemorrhage. Even if an intracerebral hemorrhage is observed at common sites, it is important to consider the possibility of a malignant brain tumor and complete a prompt examination. In addition, ASL imaging may be useful in detecting hemorrhagic malignant brain tumors.Accurate diagnosis and treatment of sellar and paras
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th DC-CIK can significantly enhance the cellular immunity, improve the long-term survival rate and raise the quality of life of LANSCLC patients, with tolerable adverse reactions.
Lycopsamine is an active pyrrolizidine alkaloid that shows significant bioactivity. Herein, lycopsamine was evaluated for the first time for its anti-lung cancer activity. Its effects on cellular apoptosis, autop
OlesenBarton5545
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Several endocrine disorders have been defined in patients with Costello syndrome (CS). In this report, we describe a patient with CS accompanied by a clinical picture of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia responsive to diazoxide treatment. A 41-day-old female patient with a birth weight of 3,600 g was referred for atypical facial features and swallowing dysfunction. She had a weight of 4,000 g (-0.8 SDS), a length of 50 cm
McKennaHenry4724
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65; 95% CI 0.46, 0.85; I2 = 73.37%), severity/mortality (OR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.43, 0.95; I2 = 22.90%), transfer to the intensive care unit among COVID-19 patients with hypertension (OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.19, 0.53, I2 = 0.00%), hospitalization (OR = 0.79; 95% CI 0.60, 0.98; I2 = 0.00%), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (OR = 0.71; 95% CI 0.46, 0.95; I2 = 0.00%). The use of RAAS inhibitor was not associat
McleanNorup0438
CuCPT22
Systematic electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring improves detection of covert atrial fibrillation in stroke survivors but the effect on secondary prevention is unknown. We aimed to assess the effect of systematic ECG monitoring of patients in hospital on the rate of oral anticoagulant use after 12 months.
In this investigator-initiated, randomised, open-label, parallel-group multicentre
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Zirconia-based restoration is successfully replacing metal ceramic restorations in posterior areas. Although higher mechanical properties of zirconia, their use in compromised situation is questionable. Hence, there is a need to modify the design which to strengthen the framework. The aim of this
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188, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.405-27.244, p=0.018; OR, 9.722, 95% CI, 1.614-58.581, p=0.013; and OR, 21.750, 95% CI, 4.016-117.783, p<0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that not achieving PR until 12months was an independent prognostic factor predicting failure to CR after prolonged progestin therapy (OR, 21.803, 95% CI, 3.601-132.025, p=0.001).
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Cats are the primary reservoir host for Bartonella henselae(B. henselae), an etiological agent of human bartonellosis, including cat scratch disease. Although Bartonella DNA has been amplified from salivary swabs from cats, dogs and humans, we are not aware of studies investigating Bartonella antibodies in oral fluid (OF). Using inhouse and commercial immunofluorescence antibody assays (IFA), the objective of
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The higher expression levels and more expression induction by imidacloprid in the midgut and fat body compared to the whole insect supported the important roles of these four GSTs, which was also supported by the more overexpression times in the midgut and fat body versus the whole insect between G25 and S25 strains. Taking the data together, the study ascertained the roles of GSTs in imidacloprid resistance in N. lugens
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The obtained bit rate conditions only depend on the Lipschitz constant, the upper bounds of the delays and the dropout rate, and are independent of the bounded process noise.This paper investigates an anti-disturbance sliding mode control strategy for a rigid satellite system with external disturbance under the prescribed performance constraints. An interval observer is firstly introduced to generate the interval estimation of the
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Organizational identification (OI) has increasingly attracted scholarly attention as a key factor in understanding organizational processes and in fostering efficient human resource (HR) management. Available evidence shows that organizational ethical climate crucially predicts OI, a key determinant of both employees’ attitudes and behaviors. In the present paper, we examined the relationship between two specific ethical
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y should be established.
Data on the coinfection of malaria and COVID-19 is highly limited especially in Africa due to the novel nature of the pandemic COVID-19. Malaria and COVID-19 share striking similarities in their symptoms. A cross-sectional randomized study was conducted to investigate the role of sex in the coinfection of malaria and COVID-19 as well as some associated factors in River
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Violence against children in schools is a global public health problem. There is growing evidence that school-based interventions can be effective in reducing violence against children in schools. However, there is little evidence on the long-term impact of such interventions. The Good School Toolkit, developed by Raising Voices, a Uganda-based nonprofit organization, is a whole-school violence prevention interven
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These results should be kept in mind while developing pheromone-based integrated pest management strategies.Cataract surgery is the commonest ophthalmic surgery worldwide. The replacement of the diseased lens with a synthetic one (intraocular lens-IOL) remains the treatment of choice, despite its potential complications that include infection, inflammation and posterior capsule opacification. The potential for drug
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To examine the association between the number of chronic nighttime insomnia symptoms and the risk of chronic widespread pain (CWP) and pain-related disability.
A prospective study of 10,847 participants in the Norwegian HUNT Study without chronic musculoskeletal pain at baseline in 2006-2008. We used a modified Poisson regression model to estimate adjusted risk r
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After one year, anatomical reapplication ended up being attained in 100% of patients. The typical visual acuity had been 2/10. CONCLUSION Surgery for rheumatogenic retinal detachment due to a huge tear is a procedure this is certainly nonetheless considered tough with unsure outcomes. The development of endocular surgery and tamponade practices makes it possible
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We further demonstrated that the selective pressure on coupling efficiency can be tuned by modulating cellular ROS defense mechanisms.Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of hydrogel-based constructs at adequate consistency and reproducibility can be obtained through a compromise between the hydrogel’s inherent instability and printing fidelity. There is an increasing demand to develop bioprinting modalities t
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We find that patients with CTCL are at increased risk of second malignancies, especially Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lung cancer, bladder cancer, and melanoma. These findings provide evidence of a population at increased risk of malignancy. Early detection may decrease the morbidi
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Restless legs syndrome describes a curious need to stretch and move in response to an unpleasant feeling in the legs. For most people who have this, as they are drifting off to sleep there is a twitch of the toe, foot and ankle followed by another and then another. The limb movements are strikingly periodic and are described as such by frustrated bed partners. The pathophysiology remains debated but is likely to involve d
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Among patients with an EOI CR by CT in GALLIUM and GOYA, 2.8% and 4.1%, respectively, had a BMB-altered response. These results suggest that postinduction BMB histology has minimal impact on radiographically (CT)-defined responses in both FL and DLBCL patients. In GALLIUM and GOYA, respectively, 4.7% of FL patients and 7.1% of DLBCL patients had a repeat BMB result that altered response assessment when applying Lugano 2014
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bovis-positive buffalo tissues. MTBC DNA was not detected in swabs from M. bovis-unexposed animals, showing the potentially high specificity of Ultra with PrimeStore swabs. PrimeStore MTM sample processing, in combination with the Ultra assay, has the potential to provide a safe, rapid post-mortem screening test for M. bovis in buffaloes.The thermal expansion coefficient is an important thermal parameter
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Dental implant biomaterials are expected to be in contact with living tissues, therefore their toxicity and osseointegration ability must be carefully assessed. In the current study, the wettability, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity of different alumina-zirconia-titania composites were evaluated. The surface wettability determines the biological event cascade in the bioceramic/human living tissues interface. The measured
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Neck circumference is positively associated with IR in women with PCOS. We suggest NC as
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Health conditions, immune dysfunction, and premature aging associated with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome, DS) may impact the clinical course of COVID-19.
The T21RS COVID-19 Initiative launched an international survey for clinicians or caregivers on patients with COVID-19 and DS. Data collected between April and October 2020 (N=1046) were analysed and compared with the
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Our results suggest that genetic diversification occurs in an ecological relevant setting on plant roots and proves to be a stable strategy for root colonization.Ischemic events related to carotid disease are far more strongly associated with plaque instability than stenosis. 3D high-resolution diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging can provide quantitative diffusion measurements on carotid atherosclerosis and may improve d
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Endocrine disruptive chemicals (EDCs) cause adverse health effects through interaction with endocrine systems. They are classified by chemical structure, effects on specific endocrine systems, their bioaccumulation and/or persistence in the environment, and/or clinically observable effects. In industrial nations, people are exposed to complex mixtures of many different substances all of which may have multiple and del
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The degree of overlap between the two kinds of bullying victimization was about 60%. Besides, female students reported more traditional victimization and cybervictimization than male peers within each survey cycle.
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The COVID-19 pandemic is posing an unprecedented threat worldwide. One issue that has faltered, though, concerns the underestimated risk to trade all for COVID-19, misdiagnosing other potentially life-threatening diseases. Further still, the presence of respiratory symptoms in AIDS patients should stimulate more vigilant efforts to uncover other or additional infections. This case report highlights the pitfalls of diagnos
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Some combinations of prehospital and in-hospital policy interventions were more prevalent than other combinations. CONCLUSION The analysis revealed that many states had a stroke regulatory infrastructure for in-hospital care that is supported by best available evidence. However, there are gaps in how state law integrates evidence-supported prehospital and in-hospital care that warrant further study. This study provide
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As the novel SARS-CoV-2 was detected in faeces, environmental researchers have been using centrifugal ultrafiltration, polyethylene glycol precipitation and aluminium hydroxide flocculation to describe its presence in wastewater samples. High recoveries (up to 65%) are described with electronegative filtration when using surrogate viruses, but few literature reports recovery efficiencies using accurate q
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MoS2 nanosheets were prepared by exfoliating MoS2 bulk crystals with ultrasonication in N-methylpyrrolidone and were integrated with gold nanostars (AuNS) to fabricate an AuNS/MoS2 nanocomposite. All nanomaterials were characterized by transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray pho
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