Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
220,672 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE), a very common chronic neurological disorder, is frequently accompanied by neurodegeneration in the hippocampus, resulting in hippocampal sclerosis (HS); HS is the most common morphological correlate of drug resistance in mTLE patients. Incomplete knowledge of pathological changes in mTLE with HS complicates its therapy. Growing evidence indicates a role of lipid signaling pathways
GodfreyHaas6063
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Trophic ecology of detrital-based food webs is still poorly understood. Abyssal plains depend entirely on detritus and are among the most understudied ecosystems, with deposit feeders dominating megafaunal communities. We used compound-specific stable isotope ratios of amino acids (CSIA-AA) to estimate the trophic position of three abundant species of deposit feeders collected from the abyssal plain of
KaaeDominguez9929
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Finally, we found that the tunable electronic structure with varied atomic numbers has significant influence on the spin-Seebeck effect. Correspondingly, the calculated spin-Seebeck coefficient of CoFeCrGa is -60.29 μV K-1 at 300 K, which is larger than that of other quaternary Heusler compounds. Our results provide a band-engineering platform to design Heusler structures with different electronic beha
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CI, 1.41-3.45; P < .001) and major pulmonary complications (HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.21-3.10; P = .005) were identified as risk factors associated with decreased OS. Similarly, multivariable analysis of DFS identified overall intraoperative and postoperative complications (HR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.28-2.90; P = .002) and major pulmonary complications (HR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.19-2.86; P = .006) as risk factors.
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SahlNissen5999
Selleckchem OG-L002
Retrospective observational study.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnostic algorithm of sacral insufficiency fractures (SIF). The primary objective was to compare the sensitivity in fracture detection and correct fracture classification according to MRI and computed tomography (CT). The secondary ob
TolstrupHonore0914
selleck chemicals
Considering the loci retention ratio and trait coverage efficiency, Core1 was considered the best core collection.Antibiotics residues (AR), antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) are a new class of water contaminants, due to their adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. Contamination of water bodies occurs mainly by the excretion of antibio
EliasenBlevins6218
Selleckchem Brigimadlin
etabolically highly active fat depot that plays a previously unrecognized role in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in advanced obesity.AlN nucleation layers are the basement of GaN-on-Si structures grown for light-emitting diodes, high frequency telecommunication and power switching systems. In this context, our work aims to understand the origin of propagation losses in GaN-o
ConwayTravis9116
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The present observation of coloboma as a shared feature among these three disorders suggests that this group of genes may be involved in ocular development. We propose that dysregulation of the WDR37-PACS1-PACS2 axis results in a spectrum that is recognizable by intellectual disability, distinctive facial features, and coloboma.Encoding of conspecific signals during development can reinforce species barriers as well
WangKofoed3165
JNJ-64619178
Objective To identify barriers to healthcare access, to assess the health literacy levels of the foreign-born Arabic speaking population in Iowa, USA and to measure their prevalence of seeking preventive healthcare services. Methods A cross-sectional study of native Arabic speaking adults involved a focus group and an anonymous paper-based survey. The focus group and the Andersen Model were used to develop the sur
NolanGordon6958
Lotiglipron mouse
be critical parameters that influence the libido score of boars used for NM and therefore should be considered when examining natural mating on farm.The aberrant redox regulation and anti-oxidative defense is one of the main causes of age-induced decline in oocytes quality and embryo development in mammals. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of glutathione ethyl ester (GSH-OEt), a cell-permeable g
BerthelsenStern7185
selleck chemical
Medical workers should be aware of the level of personal growth among COPD patients and make tailored interventions to facilitate COPD patients’ personal growth, such as increasing social support and decrease breathlessness.
COPD patients tend to report a moderate level of personal growth in China. Educational level, average monthly income, social support, and breathlessness were significant
SearsBlackwell9496
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Ipilimumab improves survival for patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. Combining a therapeutic cancer vaccine with ipilimumab may increase efficacy by providing enhanced anti-tumor immune responses. UV1 consists of three synthetic long peptides from human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). These peptides comprise epitopes recognized by T cells from cancer patients experiencing long-term survival following treatment with a first-
MayerTyson8978
selleck compound
HeaDax procedure is a good alternative for localizing superficial intracranial lesions on the skin scalp under CT-scan or magnetic resonance imaging guidance. It can be used as a substitute when stereotactic and neuronavigation systems are not easily available, especially in developing countries and in resource-limited environments. HeaDax has a true potential for further developments and applications in cranial
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58, P < 0.0001).
Our methods provide a direct measure of ingested calories and stool calories needed to accurately assess relative stool calorie loss as a measure of nutrient absorption. The weight of stool samples across the marked diet period is crucial to determining total stool calories.
Our methods provide a direct measure of ingested calories a
BraswellRees0324
Bromelain cell line
00001); while the difference in loss of taste among all three grades of severity is statistically insignificant (p = 0.0770). Most of the patients [smell (142; 71%) and taste (198; 73.6%)] recovered after 2 weeks of onset of lost sensations while 96.5% (193/200) and 98.1% (264/269) patients reported complete recovery of smell and taste sensations after two months of onset. Present study shows that high percent
McGrathGordon9374
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Therefore, gold nanostars are versatile theranostic agents for tumor therapy.Activated microglia involved in the development of orofacial pain hypersensitivity have two major polarization states. The aim of this study was to assess the involvement of the aging-related phenotypic conversion of medullary microglia in the enhancement of intraoral pain sensitivity using senescence-accelerated mice (SAM)-prone/8 (S
BreumCabrera5561
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To determine patient-specific risk factors and clinical outcomes associated with contaminated blood cultures.
A single-center, retrospective case-control risk factor and clinical outcome analysis performed on inpatients with blood cultures collected in the emergency department, 2014-2018. Patients with contaminated blood cultures (cases) were compared to patients with neg
GentryLomholt5375
selleck chemicals llc
Purpose The growing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria makes it clinically urgent to develop an agent able to detect and treat infections simultaneously. Silver has served as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial since ancient times but suffers from major challenges such as moderate antimicrobial activity, nonspecific toxicity, and difficulty to be visualized in situ. Here, we propose a new photoactive
BladtFlindt3572
JSH-150 mouse
Last, but not least, we briefly review the SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics, pharmacology, and future approaches toward vaccine development.(1) Background The immunostimulatory role of the polysaccharide fraction (KRG-P) of Korea red ginseng (KRG) was studied in cells. However, its immunomodulatory activity is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the chemical properties of KRG-P and its intestinal immune responses in vitro and i
TerpNyholm7532
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ved in our study area was low. Age, sex, residence, and side effect experience showed an association with tuberculosis treatment adherence. Therefore, health care providers should educate all patients with tuberculosis before the initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment.
Medical tablets and capsules are superior with regard to portability and are the most common dosage form in Japan. Ho
BraggMoesgaard5309
Imatinib chemical structure
The arthroscopy score for a flap tear at the central area of the posterior junctional zone was 0.3±0.5 before treatment and 4.3±2.1 after treatment. The score was significantly higher after treatment (p<0.05, n=4). The original radial MM tears in two patients were healed one year after treatment. Lysholm scores were significantly higher at 4 and 52 weeks after treatment than before treatment
GrauGardner6899
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Activation of BF GABA
neurons facilitates both the propofol and isoflurane anesthesia, manifesting as a longer anesthesia duration time with propofol anesthesia and a fast induction time and longer recovery time with isoflurane anesthesia. Moreover, BF GABA
-activated mice displayed a greater suppression of cortical electrical activity during anesthesia, showing an increase in δ pow
McguireSweeney8522
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05). The risk of being diagnosed with an STI increased during the economic crisis period (OR 1.88; 95%-CI 1.28-2.76); during the economic crisis and if they were women (OR2.35, 95%- CI 1.24-4.44); and if they were women and immigrants (OR 2.09; 95%- CI1.22-3.57), while it decreased with age (OR 0.97, 95%-CI 0.95-0.98). Identification of the group comprised of immigrant women as an especially vulnerable group regarding the acquisition
MunckKarstensen8501
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Our objective was to identify the rate of revisit to either emergency department (ED) or inpatient (IP) following surgical stone removal in the ambulatory setting, and to identify factors predictive of such revisits. To this end, the AHRQ HCUP ambulatory, IP, and ED databases for NY and FL from 2010 to 2014 were linked. Cases were selected by primary CPT for shock-wave lithotripsy (SWL), ureteroscopy (URS), and perc
JohannessenTermansen7365
Linsitinib
Podocyte depletion, low nephron number, aging, and hypertension are associated with glomerulosclerosis and CKD. However, the relationship between podometrics and nephron number has not previously been examined.
To investigate podometrics and nephron number in healthy Japanese individuals, a population characterized by a relatively low nephron number, we immunostained single paraffi
RiveraBengtson8201
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The acid-base interaction induces a contraction of the r(AF) covalent bond in the acid in most cases and a deshielding of the NMR signal of the F nucleus.Eight new diterpenoid acids, namely, talascortenes A-G (1-7) and 5α,9β-dihydroxyisocupressic acid (8), with four different carbon skeletons, were isolated and identified from the endozoic fungal strain Talaromyces scorteus AS-242 that was obtained from the inner fr
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scontinuation.While the landmark 2015 stroke trials demonstrated that endovascular therapy (EVT) was superior to medical management for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion, the efficacy of EVT for patients presenting with a low NIHSS score remains undetermined. We conducted a review of the EVT low National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) stroke literature, identifying 24 quantit
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To assess vision, injection quantity, initial lesion size, and final anatomic status in patients with nAMD completing the treat-extend-stop (TES) protocol.
Patients with nAMD received ≥ 3 monthly anti-VEGF injections followed by 1-2week injection interval extensions, with intra/subretinal fluid resolution on SD-OCT, to 12weeks. With quiescent disease, and 2 quarterly injections, patients were
RouseFischer6995
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The diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency is a primary public health goal. This study aimed to make an inventory of the use of biomarkers to assess the iron supply in patients given iron replacement therapy. A retrospective longitudinal real-world study of a cohort of patients receiving iron replacement therapy was conducted using data from healthcare coverage databases between January 2006 and December 2015
LangleyHolst4769
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G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of plasma membrane receptors in nature and mediate the effects of a variety of extracellular signals, such as hormone, neurotransmitter, odor, and light signals. Due to their involvement in a broad range of physiological and pathological processes and their accessibility, GPCRs are widely used as pharmacological targets of treatment. Orpha
DonnellyKnox5682
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6.5±9.1) mm vs. (13.4±2.5) mm,
=0.008; (11.6±2.3) mmol/L
. (10.2±2.2) mmol/L,
=0.017], however, there were no significant differences in the average serum creatinine or hemoglobin (
>0.05). Ureteroileal anastomotic re-stricture and other stent-related complications were not observed in all the patients by antegrade urography.
FromCannon4258
Vorinostat
Electric circuits influenced by thermal noise are analogous to confined Brownian particles and can be an alternative and convenient scheme for studying stochastic thermodynamics. Here we experimentally demonstrate an effective technique of generating tunable potentials for Brownian dynamics in an electric circuit, realized by external controlled feedback. We present two illustrative examples of one-dimensional vi
VognsenOliver3347
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The sunday paper somatic mutation in GNB2 supplies new observations towards the pathogenesis regarding Sturge-weber symptoms.
The temporal dynamics of pesticide concentrations in streams remains poorly characterized in southwestern Ontario, a region of the province where land use is dominated by agriculture. Understanding the magnitude and duration of pulsed exposures to pesticides in these small strea
WallOutzen8140
Omilancor in vitro
41; 95% CI 0.35, 2.48).
This meta-analysis found that beta-alanine is ergogenic for Yo-Yo test performance in athletes when the supplementation protocol lasts between 6 and 12 weeks and when using the level 2 variants of the Yo-Yo test.
This meta-analysis found that beta-alanine is ergogenic for Yo-Yo test performance in athletes when the supplementation pr
McGinnisWalther9204
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3 kcal/mol and DockThor, -9.53 kcal/mol), ACE2-Digitoxin (AutoDock, -10.6 kcal/mol and DockThor, -8.84 kcal/mol), and ACE2-Digoxin (AutoDock, -10.6 kcal/mol and DockThor, -8.81 kcal/mol). The docking results were validated by running molecular simulations in aqueous solution that demonstrated the stability of ACE2 with no major conformational changes in the ligand original binding mode (~ 2 Å average RMSD). B
VinterMcGee8077
STAT3-IN-1 in vivo
This paper provides a critical review of the decision-making process of the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOHLTC) regarding which migraine treatment drugs will be covered under the Ontario Drug Benefit Formulary (ODB).
Under MOHLTC policy, triptans and OnabotulinumtoxinA are available to patients only through the Exceptional Access Program (EAP). This po
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Sunitinib
CONCLUSION Urolift® implants improved significantly the lower urinary tract symptoms in our population, with a good tolerance profile. More than 60% of the patients did not need an additional treatment after 5years of follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3. AIMS To study the incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children less then 14 years in the island of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain) during the 2006-201
ShortBojesen6252
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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory arthropathy, with evidence pointing to an immune-mediated etiology that propagates chronic inflammation. Although targeted immune therapeutics and aggressive treatment strategies have substantially improved, a complete understanding of the associated pathological mechanisms of the disease remains elusive. This study aimed at investigating whether regulator of G pr
HolmgaardStokholm0202
DASA-58 mw
Interdisciplinary treatment for patients with Treacher Collins syndrome is challenging because of the rarity of the condition and the wide variety of phenotypic expression. A 23-year-old male was diagnosed with Treacher Collins syndrome with a history of severe obstructive sleep apnea. He presented with a Pruzansky-Kaban classification grade I mandible, skeletal type II pattern with a hyperdivergent mandibular plane, sev
ZamoraLeslie3520
Adagrasib
INTRODUCTION Transseptal puncture is an integral step in various catheter-based cardiac procedures and can be performed with either the conventional mechanical needle or an FDA-cleared device utilizing radiofrequency (RF) energy. Although a previous randomized trial suggested that the RF transseptal device may be faster and more often successful, the increased equipment costs may dissuade operators from routine use. This
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65% vs. 1.44%, hazard ratio (HR) 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-2.45), and acute myocardial infarction (1.51% vs. 0.30%, HR 5.34, 95% CI 3.40-8.39) compared to the nonstatin group (n = 1709). The risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular (CV) death. and stroke did not significantly differ between the two groups. Similar to older patients, this study demonstrated that statin therapy cann
BuchKarlsson1047
Proteases inhibitor
Duck enteritis virus (DEV) can successfully evade the host innate immune responses and establish a lifelong latent infection in the infected host. However, the study about how DEV escapes host innate immunity is still deficient up to now. In this study, for the first time, we identified a viral protein VP16 by which DEV can obviously downregulate the production of IFN-β in duck embryo fibroblast (DEF). Our res
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To explore the feasibility of CT-derived myocardial strain measurement in patients with advanced cardiac valve disease and to compare it to strain measurements derived from transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). 43 consecutive patients with advanced cardiac valve disease and clinically indicated retrospectively gated cardiac CTs were retrospectively analyzed. The longitudinal, circumferential as well as radial
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Based on these findings, we conclude that our new SiRe RNA fusion panel is a valid and robust tool for the detection of clinically relevant gene fusions and splicing events in advanced NSCLC.While low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies have been studied extensively for a broad spectrum of smart city applications, their potential for water distribution system monitoring in high temporal resolution
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e target occlusion which is critical to distinguish potential therapeutic harm from the failed technical success of EVT as well as improve the responsiveness of clinical trial outcomes to disease modification.Vibrio harveyi is one of the major pathogens in aquaculture. To identify the key virulence factors affecting pathogenesis of V. harveyi towards fish, we conducted a field investigation for three repre
MosleyGuerra5327
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This study evaluated peritoneal washings for the detection of spindle cells (SCs) in laparoscopic and open myomectomies.
Prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial.
An academic tertiary referral center.
Women suspected of having benign uterine myoma undergoing laparoscopic or open myomectomy
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