Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
257,922 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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This case shows a very good visual outcome with clear cornea at 58 months despite of large DM detachment which happened 10 months following manual DALK with intraoperative macroperforation.
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Studies have examined the impact of social determinants of health on the health behaviors and health statuses of ethnic minority adolescents. This study examines the subjective health of this population by examining the direct effects of multicultural adolescents’ subjective socioeconomic status (SES) and the sequential mediating effects of their dietary behaviors and perceived stress. We utilize
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Ascidians’ phylogenetic position within the closest sister group to vertebrates presents an advantage in examining the pathological effects of PhACs on vertebrate-related organs and systems. Together with the world-wide distribution of some model ascidian species, and their ability to flourish in pristine and polluted sites, they provide a promising tool through which to study the extent
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The purpose of this work is to determine the histological features of the inner surface structure of the nail plates’ free edge in children aged 0 to 1 year and from 1 to 17 years for forensic practice. The results of a histological human nail plates’ examination by the method of staining with hematoxylin and eosin and microscopy in transmitted light using a biological microscope XSZ-147E at magnificati
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Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) disease or citrus greening is caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) and is the most devastating disease in the global citrus industry. Salicylic acid (SA) plays a central role in regulating plant defenses against pathogenic attack. SA methyltransferase (SAMT) modulates SA homeostasis by converting SA to methyl salicylate (MeSA). Here, we report on the functions of the citrus SAMT (CsSAM
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1 with ammonia-oxidizing archaea and comammox clade A.2 with canonical ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, indicating their differences in potential niche preference. However, the abundance of comammox clade B was lower than that of comammox clade A and other ammonia oxidizers in most samples. Moreover, pH and salinity were found to be the most significant factors affecting comammox community structures, suggesting their ro
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0 (SD 1.1) mm; the diameter at the widest point proximal to the constriction was 7.6 (SD 1.5) mm. The distance from the distal wrist crease to the beginning of the constriction averaged 17.6 (SD 3.7) mm. Grade of nerve constriction did not correlate with distal motor latency. However, there was a correlation between patient age and distal motor latency. Conclusion The grade of nerve constriction cannot be est
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Sleep disturbances are likely to influence cognitive decline but require further study in patients within established DLB. Fourthly, as in most cases of dementia, neuropathological comorbidities are frequently present in DLB. While the influence of Alzheimer’s pathology on cognitive decline in DLB is comparatively well understood, the impact of other pathologies remains unclear. The recent definition of resea
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Furthermore, by appropriately scaling the relationship between intake and liveweight, the data could be described by a function with a single parameter with general relevance across species. By expressing rate of intake as a function of its value at maturity, a quadratic form provides a robust and general description of the relationship between feed intake scaled to mature intake and degree of maturity in weight. © The Author(s) 2020.
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5(10.0-21.9) mmHg] of the preterm infants were not significantly different compared to the SII [88.0 (74.6-110.0) mmHg] and SIII [13.5 (9.2-15.9) mmHg] of term infants (p=0.625 and p=0.144 respectively). SII was not significantly related to GA, duration of ventilation or FIO2. SIII was positively related to the duration of ventilation (r=0.729, p less then 0.001) and FIO2 (r=0.704, p less then 0.001). SIGNIFICANCE The v
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The phenotype/genotype relationship of patients with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia (TDT) is particularly complex and variable, thus generating different levels of severity and of annual transfusion volume (ATV). In this study, we explored the role and the contribution of several factors potentially involved in determining mean ATV in a cohort of T
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