Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
275,623 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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This paper deals with one of the key problems of e-healthcare which is the security. Patients are worried about the confidentiality of their electronic medical record (EMR) which could be used to expose their identities. It is high time to revisit the confidentiality and security issues of the existing telehealth system. Intruders can perform sniffing, spoofing, or phishing operations effortlessly duri
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Seasonal temperature fluctuations also had an impact on trait variation, while nitrogen content depended on photobiont type rather than nitrogen deposition. The inconsistency of trait covariation among and within species prevented establishing major resource use strategies in lichens. However, we did identify a general pattern related to the water-use strategy. Thus, to robustly unv
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Deterioration in dynamic balance-based features was only noted in pwMS with a moderate and severe disability.
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We present a novel robotic neuronavigation system (RONNA G4), used for precise preoperative planning and frameless neuronavigation, developed by a research group from the University of Zagreb and neurosurgeons from the University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia. The aim of study is to provide comprehensive error measurement analysis of the system used for the brain biopsy.
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Patients underwent a significant change in lumbar alignment (Δpelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch 21° ± 16°, P < 0.001); 35.0% had UIV in the upper thoracic region, and 65.0% had UIV in the lower thoracic region. At 1 year, revision rate was 11.9%, and rate of radiographic proximal junctional kyphosis was 29.4%. Neural network comprised 8 inputs, 10 hidden neurons, and 1 output (upper thoracic or lower thoracic).
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Sepsis is a common underlying disease associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). We have recently determined hemostatic pathological states at diagnosis through simultaneous assessment of coagulation and fibrinolysis potentials in sepsis-associated DIC using clot-fibrinolysis waveform analysis. Here we aimed to investigate hemostatic pathological states, focusing on the balance between coagulation a
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Texas ranks 2nd in the count of COVID cases. Pre-existing disparities in healthcare may be intersecting with COVID-19 outcomes.
To explore the relationship between county-level race/ethnic composition and COVID-19 mortality in the state of Texas and determine whether county-level health factors, healthcare access measures, and other demographic characteristics explain t
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Although current guidelines generally recommend watchful waiting strategy for patients with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis until symptoms develop, early surgery for asymptomatic aortic stenosis remains controversial. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of early surgery versus conservative strategy for patients with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis.
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A subset of strains isolated during the extreme heatwave event in 2018 (46 Vibrio parahaemolyticus, 11 Vibrio cholerae and 4 Vibrio vulnificus) were genomically sequenced. Analysis of these 63 sequenced strains revealed a broad phenotypic and genomic diversity of strains circulating in the environment. An analysis of pathogenicity attributes identified a broad array of virulence genes across all three species, including a
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Marantodes pumilum (MP) is a great source of herbal medicine used traditionally by both men and women for various purposes. MP may have potential wound-healing effects due to its diverse biological properties. An extensive study was conducted in a normal male rat model for determining the effects of MP var. pumila (MPvp) and var. alata (MPva) on the wound healing process. Here, 126 male Sprague-Dawley rats were di
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An acuity adaptable pediatric cardiac care model provides healthcare centered on the practice of having the child remain in the same unit and receive care from the same clinical team from admission to discharge. This means the child is managed as they progress from an acute, intermediate, intensive care, and sometimes even long-term status within the same room. This article highlights the relationship-bas
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Our study indicates that pCCD-LCC accurately reproduces the orbital-pair correlation patterns in the weak correlation limit and for molecules close to their equilibrium structure. Hence, we can conclude that pCCD-LCC predicts reliable wave functions in this regime.Amino acids having basic side chains, as additives, are known to increase the stability of native-folded state of proteins, but thei
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Efficient artificial insemination (AI) with liquid preserved boar semen is essential for the swine industry. Glucose is the most widely utilized energy source in refrigerated boar semen extenders. However, the relationship between glucose concentration and spermatozoa quality is not fully understood. In the present study, boar spermatozoa were used as a model to investigate the impact of different glucose concentration
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Studies analyzing the association between parity and normal-weight metabolic syndrome (MetS) in postmenopausal women of normal weight remain limited, this study aimed to explore the association between parity and MetS among Chinese normal-weight postmenopausal women.
In total, 776 normal-weight undiagnosed type 2 diabetes postmenopausal women who visited the Second Affiliated
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Generative models have shown breakthroughs in a wide spectrum of domains due to recent advancements in machine learning algorithms and increased computational power. Despite these impressive achievements, the ability of generative models to create realistic synthetic data is still under-exploited in genetics and absent from population genetics. Yet a known limitation in the field is the reduced access to m
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The current research work was aimed to determine the morphological variation in the seeds of subfamilies Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae, and Papilionoideae using scanning electron microscope to investigate the different seed features including; Seed length, width, weight, hilum shape, position, fracture line pattern, pleurogram shape, texture crudeness, or
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In electron probe microanalysis or scanning electron microscopy, the Monte Carlo method is widely used for modeling electron transport within specimens and calculating X-ray spectra. For an accurate simulation, the calculation of secondary fluorescence (SF) is necessary, especially for samples with complex geometries. In this study, we developed a program, using a hybrid model that combines the Monte Carlo simulation w
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Epigenetic changes are currently invoked as explanations for both the chronicity and tenacity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a heterogeneous condition showing varying, sometimes idiosyncratic responses to treatment. This study evaluated epigenetic markers in the context of a randomized clinical trial of PTSD patients undergoing prolonged-exposure psychotherapy with and without a hydrocortisone augmentatio
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Since moral exemplars promote their interests by promoting the interests of others (or they promote others’ interests at the expense of their own) we can expect moral post-persons to pursue our interests. Since we should also pursue our own interests, we should bring about moral post-persons. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.PURPOSE Ocular proton therapy is an effective therapeutic option for patie
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Prevertebral fascia invasion is a feature of advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) that predicts surgical futility. Magnetic resonance and computed topography imaging are used to identify prevertebral involvement, but reliable prediction remains a challenge. Our aims were to describe a new indication for esophagrams and assess its ability to detect prevertebral invasion preoperatively.
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Background Arterial stiffness is a strong predictor of death and cardiovascular (CV) events in hemodialysis patients. Only few studies tested interventions aiming to improve arterial stiffness in this population. This study examines the effect of dry-weight reduction with a standardized lung-ultrasound-guided strategy on ambulatory aortic blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness parameters in hemodialysis. Methods Seve
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The absence of a second minimum on the T1 state and a small energy barrier on pathway along the potential energy surface towards the ground state from the lowest triplet state are attributed as potential reasons to explain why the lifetime of the triplet state of 2-Se-Thymine might be reduced in comparison with its thio-analogue.Covering up to July 2020Fungal metabolites with diverse and novel scaffolds can be assemble
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Diffusion MRI techniques are used widely to study the characteristics of the human brain connectome in vivo. However, to resolve and characterise white matter (WM) fibres in heterogeneous MRI voxels remains a challenging problem typically approached with signal models that rely on prior information and constraints. We have recently introduced a 5D relaxation-diffusion correlation framework wherein multidimensional diffusion encoding st
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Acute urinary retention (AUR) is a common urological emergency and affects a significant patient population. The inability to eliminate urine may lead to permanent damage to the bladder’s structure and functioning. However, we know little about the underlying molecular sequelae to the urine retention. To closely mirror the potential high pressures that patients with AUR could experience, we cath
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This study explored nursing home staff’s barriers and needs in implementing person-centred care for people with dementia.
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To establish the prevalence and characteristics of violence against women living with human immunodeficiency virus infection and to explore factors associated with violence in an HIV care program in the city of Bogotá in 2017.
Analytical cross-sectional study design that identified characteristics associated with violence against women living with HIV in the city of Bogo
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Background Nationwide data on transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in Japan are scarce. Methods and Results Using a nationwide inpatient database, we analyzed patients undergoing TAVI (n=8,338) or SAVR (n=16,298) due to aortic stenosis between 2014 and 2017. The annual number of TAVI increased rapidly from 2014 to 2017, particularl
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Isolation requirements and subsequent need for personal protective equipment (PPE) are among the many challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Isolation of COVID-19-positive patients and the use of appropriate PPE by health care professionals are important parts of infection prevention, not only in the hospital setting but also in preventing community spread of the disease. This article addre
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BACKGROUND Currently, serum concentrations of sitosterol above 10 μg/ml are considered to be one of the major diagnostic criteria of sitosterolemia. METHODS We retrospectively investigated consecutive 206 Japanese dyslipidemic subjects (mean age = 46 yr, male n = 94) with the assessments of serum sitosterol level and the presence of ABCG5 or ABCG8 genetic mutations in our institute since 2009-2018. We
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ptake in cancer cells after anti-PD-1 treatment might be affected by the tumor immune microenvironment including immune cell infiltration, composition, and activation status.In response to low nitrogen stress, multiple hormones together with nitric oxide signaling pathways work synergistically and antagonistically in crop root elongation. Changing root morphology allows plants to adapt to soil nutrient avail
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Although most patients on maintenance hemodialysis developed a substantial humoral response following the BNT162b2 vaccine, it was significantly lower than controls. Age was an important factor in the humoral response, regardless of chronic medical conditions.
Cognitive impairment is a major cause of morbidity in CKD. We
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In this large group of PLWH, the degree of symptom-related distress was high. Mental and physical health should be considered an integral part of ongoing HIV care.Milk is a good source of quality fats, proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. Determining milk constituents is very important in dairy production and is usually conducted by means of physical or chemical processes in laboratories. These met
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