Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
343,786 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Willis-Knighton Health System’s special supplement in BMC Health Services Research, “Marketing communications in health and medicine perspectives from Willis-Knighton Health System,” focuses on advertising, public relations, sales promotion, and related communicative avenues, associated theory, and more. Across the supplement’s arti
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Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a common abnormality in cats with chronic kidney disease. However, clinical manifestations of hyperparathyroidism are rare in this species. This is a novel presentation of a cat demonstrating bone loss in the oral cavity as a result of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism.
There is a wide spectrum of diseases associated with pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary vascu
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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignancy of the bone marrow that has a poor prognosis with traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy, especially in elderly patients. In recent years, small molecule inhibitors targeting AML-associated IDH1, IDH2, and FLT3 mutations have been FDA approved. However, the majority of AML cases do not have a targetable mutation. A variety of novel agents targeti
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The well-being of children has received increasing attention in recent years. Nevertheless, we lack adequate brief self-report tools that enable us to consider young children’s well-being in policy evaluations and educational research. This study describes the adaptation and first validation of the Swedish version of How I Feel About My School (HIFAMS), a subjective well-being questionnaire suitable for children aged 4
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Fragile X-related protein 1 (FXR1) is a member of the fragile X family of RNA-binding proteins, which regulates a number of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders such as fragile X syndrome, and is expected as a novel therapeutic target for some psychiatric diseases. However, it is unknown how FXR1 changes and functions in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a common mental disorder related to trauma and stre
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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases known to degrade extracellular matrix (ECM). Being involved in many biological and physiological processes of tissue remodeling, MMPs play a crucial role in many pathological conditions such as arthritis, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Typically, MMPs possess a propeptide, a zinc-containing catalytic domain, a hinge region and a hemopex
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In conclusion, this study identified a novel role of TRAF3 in regulation of ULK1 ubiquitination and inflammasome signaling and provided molecular mechanisms by which ubiquitination of ULK1 controls mitochondrial ROS production, inflammasome activity, and AIF-dependent pyroptosis. © 2020 The Authors. The FASEB Journal published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Federation of American Societies for Experimenta
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OBJECTIVE Increases in galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN), and several recent experiments have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in regulating the development and physiological function of the kidney. The aims of this study were to identify miRNAs that can affect the pathogenesis of IgAN and reveal the underl
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Suicide is a major public health issue.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of lifetime suicide attempts and past 12-month suicidal behaviour (ideation, plans and/or attempts) among adults (18-69 years).
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National cross-sectional data from 4302 adults (median age 31 year
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If you want to drive a vehicle in Germany then you’ll have to exchange your non-EU or EEA license for one German one. This can be done at the Fuhrerscheinstelle of your city. There are also other requirements, such as the first aid course as well as an eye test.
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First, we propose to utilize the medical knowledge graph as an internal information of a patient by constructing sequential patient graphs. These graphs not only carry the historical information from the EHR but also infuse with domain knowledge. Then we design a robust diagnosis prediction model based on a spatial-temporal graph convolutional network. The proposed model extracts meaningful features from seq
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In gastrointestinal and hematological toxicities, the IG had lower frequencies of leukopenia and abdominal pain. The nutritional intervention preserved the role function of QoL and HGS, reduced the occurrence of nausea/vomiting, loss of appetite and the frequency of leukopenia and abdominal pain.The crystal quality and surface states are two major factors that determine optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles (N
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The removal efficiency of MB by the GO-ZnO-Ag nanocomposite reached 100% after 40 min of sunlight irradiation. Thus, the GO-ZnO-Ag nanocomposite has the potential to be an efficient adaptable photocatalyst for the photodegradation of organic dyes in industrial wastewater.In this study, three-dimensional (3D) Bi2MoO6 microspheres were successfully fabricated by a facile, rapid, and mild microwave solvothermal strategy
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Three of the 11 tubules were dominant ones, accounting for 83% of the total length, and occupied the testis from the surface over the circumference to the center, while the others were short and occupied only one side of the testis. The amplitude and direction of the curves of tubules were random, and there were no funnel-shaped networks of tubules present, in contrast to the mouse testis. The present study reveal
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To estimate racial differences in rates of opioid-involved overdose deaths (OOD) between whites and African Americans in the United States from 1999 to 2018 to (1) identify racial variation in the temporal trends of OOD during the 20-year p
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Both species are non-mycorrhizal. We quantitatively examined the carbon budgets to analyze the different techniques among these types. Biomass allocation, respiratory rates, necessary protein amounts and carboxylate exudation prices had been examined in hydroponically-grown plants treated with low (1 μM; P1) or high (100 μM; P100) P. At P
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Oral care with black mulberry syrup accelerates mucositis healing and alleviates mucositis-related symptoms.
Scientific literature lacks a scientometric analysis of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine (TCAM) for dermatology. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations between TCAM and dermato
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Diabetics are at increased risk for fracture, and experience severely impaired skeletal healing characterized by delayed union or nonunion of the bone. The periosteum harbors osteochondral progenitors that can differentiate into chondrocytes and osteoblasts, and this connective tissue layer is required for efficient fracture healing. While bone marrow-derived stromal cells have been studied extensively in
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Multi-domain proteins (MDPs) show a variety of domain conformations under physiological conditions, regulating their functions through such conformational changes. One of the typical MDPs, ER-60 which is a protein folding enzyme, has a U-shape with four domains and is thought to have different domain conformations in solution depending on the redox state at the active centres of the edge domains. In this work,
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particles of fixed size and composition are viable in DCPCs.The Syr Darya is one of two major rivers in Central Asia supplying critical fresh water to the Aral Sea. In spite of the river’s importance and agriculturally-intensive history, few studies have provided a modern evaluation of and the occurrence of pesticide residues potential effects to aquatic life. The primary goal of this investigation was to det
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Moreover, results indicate that, in the long term, earlier high levels of integration in STEM indirectly influences research engagement through the development of higher science identity. These results extend our understanding of the TIMSI framework and advance our understanding of the reciprocal nature of social influences that draw students into STEM careers.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe
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Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed that TR mainly affected the pathways related to amino acid metabolism, except in inguinal ADSCs-derived adipocytes of HFD-TR rats. These findings provide a new way to understand the mechanisms underlying possible changes in the differentiation of ADSCs due to TR or HFD.Pseudouridimycin (PUM) was recently discovered from Streptomyces sp. DSM26212 as a
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토토사이트는 많은 사람들이 스포츠 베팅과 게임을 즐기기 위해 찾는 인기 있는 플랫폼입니다. 하지만 여러 사이트 중에서 어떤 곳이 안전하고 신뢰할 수 있는지 판단하기란 쉽지 않습니다. 따라서, 오늘은 최고의 토토사이트를 추천하고, 안전하게 게임을 즐길 수 있는 방법에 대해 알아보겠습니다.
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Grating contrast was varied to measure contrast response functions (CRF) for all combinations of attention and TMS conditions. When the distractor was stimulated, exogenous attention yielded response gain-performance benefits in the valid-cue condition and costs in the invalid-cue condition compared with the neutral condition at the high contrast levels. Crucially, when the target was stimulated, this response
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Disclosure is a vital step in the process of finding a lasting solution and breaking the abuse chain in a victim woman by the intimate partner.
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A community-based cross-sec
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Collectively, these data provide a mechanism by which the ‘common cold’ promotes diseases due to NTHI and add further support for use of PilA (the majority subunit of T4P) as a vaccine antigen, as antibodies directed against PilA are expected to limit the notably increased bacterial load associated with hRV co-infection and thereby prevent secondary NTHI-induced diseases of the respiratory tract.C-type le
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The first example of a rare-earth metal nitrate-selenite nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal, Gd(NO3)(Se2O5)·3H2O (1), was synthesized by hydrothermal reaction. This compound crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric space group P212121, and its structure features two-dimensional (2D) [Gd(NO3)(Se2O5)]∞ layers, extending to a pseudo-3D framework linked by hydrogen bonds. 1 exhibits a phase-matchable SHG efficiency about 0.2 times that of KH2PO4 (KDP
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Upon completion of the analysis, a proposal for the relationship between the practice-based models and these 24 goals is presented. The contributions made in this paper will allow teachers to establish links between PE sessions and SDGs while raising awareness to develop students who contribute to a more sustainable world.Peptide drugs, especially food-derived peptides, have a variety of functional activities including an
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Sperm-associated antigen 11A (SPAG11A) is expressed exclusively in the epididymis, which can specifically regulate sperm maturation. The aim of this study was to investigate the seasonal expressions of beta-defensin (SPAG11A) and androgen receptor (AR) in the epididymis of the wild ground squirrels (Citellus dauricus Brandt). Morphologically, the results showed that epididymis length and weight in the breeding season were si
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