Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
383,382 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major abiotic stress that restricts crop production in acid soils. Plants have evolved internal and external mechanisms of tolerance, and among them it is well known that AtSTOP1 and OsART1 are key transcription factors involved in tolerance through regulation of multiple downstream genes. Here, we identified the closest homolog of these two proteins in barley, namely HvATF1, Al-tolerance Transc
KaraMann1237
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Self-treatment with antibiotics involves obtaining medicines without a prescription, sharing medicines with members of one’s social circle, or using leftover medicines stored at home.
Assess the prevalence, knowledge level, reasons for practicing self-treatment of antibiotic among undergraduate university students.
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Smad cancer
These characterizations contributed to the high-resolution genomic mapping of PT modifications, in which the distribution of PT modification sites on the genome was marked accurately and the frequency of the specific modified sites was reliably obtained. Here, we provide time-saving and less labor-consuming methods for both of qualitative and quantitative analysis of genomic PT modifications. The application of these methodolog
DuranPierce1828
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A high-throughput screen designed to discover new inhibitors of histone acetyltransferase KAT6A uncovered CTX-0124143 (1), a unique aryl acylsulfonohydrazide with an IC50 of 1.0 μM. Using this acylsulfonohydrazide as a template, we herein disclose the results of our extensive structure-activity relationship investigations, which resulted in the discovery of advanced compounds such as 55 and 80. These two c
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8, 95%CI [0.6; 1.0] p < 0.001). In multivariable regression analysis, short duration of slow wave sleep (N3) during diagnostic polysomnography (Beta – 6.2, 95%CI [- 11.0; – 1.5]; p = 0.011) and subjective benefit from ASV (Beta 174.0, 95%CI [68.6; 279.5]; p = 0.002) were significantly associated with longer late ASV usage.
Early ASV usage predicts late ASV usage. In addition, l
SutherlandSnow7912
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Trong thế giới cá cược trực tuyến ngày nay, việc tìm kiếm một nhà cái uy tín và chất lượng đã trở thành ưu tiên hàng đầu của nhiều người chơi. Giữa hàng trăm lựa chọn, nhà cái Cwin nổi bật như một trong những sự lựa chọn hàng đầu, mang đến cho người dùng những trải nghiệm cá cược tuyệt vời và đáng tin cậy. Với giao diện thân thiện, dễ sử dụng và nhiều lựa chọn trò chơi phong phú, Cwi
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เว็บไซต์สล็อตฟรีสปินเข้าหลายครั้ง เป็นเยี่ยมในเกมคาสิโนยอดนิยมเยอะที่สุด อีกทั้งในคาสิโนบนบกรวมทั้งออนไลน์ เกมกลุ่มนี้มี ็ยังคงล่อใจผู้เล่นด้วยความธรรมดาและก็ค่าความเบิกบานใจสูง อย่างไรก็ดี เมื่อเทคโนโลยีล้ำหน้าขึ้น กรรมวิธีการเล่นสล็อตของพวกเราก็เจริญตามไปด้วย ในเนื้อหานี้ สล็อตผลกำไรเยอะแยะ พวกเราจะเน้นย้ำที่ลอตเตอรีออนไลน์รวมทั้งตรวจสอบประวัติศาสตร์ โบนัสรวมทั้งโปรโมชั่น ความสบายสบาย รวมทั้งการเข้าถึงแพลตฟอร์ม
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Wood burning stove indoor
Shed Wood Burner – Safety Considerations
The installation of a stove into an outdoor shed, log cabin or an off grid residence is a fantastic idea. There are a few considerations to be made before you do this.
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HendersonBurris4268
Adavosertib
The prevalence of smokeless tobacco (SLT) use among firefighters is substantially higher than the general population and similar occupational groups. Despite the significant health risks associated with SLT and its impact on occupational readiness, there are no occupationally-tailored SLT education or treatment programs for the fire service. The purpose of this study was to beta test QUIT SPIT!, a self-help SLT cessatio
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Roscovitine
Mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains high, resulting in 860,000 deaths annually. Carcinoembryonic antigen is widely used in clinics for CRC patient follow-up, despite carrying a limited prognostic value. Thus, an obvious need exists for multivariate prognostic models. We analyzed 48 biomarkers using a multiplex immunoassay panel in preoperative serum samples from 328 CRC patients who underwent surgery at Hel
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This review analyzes the role of CAFs in therapeutic resistance of pancreatic cancer and discusses potential CAFs-targeting strategies basing on the diverse biological functions of CAFs, thus to improve the outcome of pancreatic cancer treatment.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease, which started in Wuhan, Chin, has now become a public health challenge in most countries around the world. Pr
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Moreover, miR-103-3p in serum exosomes from liver fibrosis patients could be a biomarker for liver fibrosis. Therefore, exosomes may have important roles in the crosstalk between macrophage and HSCs in the progression of chronic liver diseases. © 2020 The Authors. The FASEB Journal published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.This commentary on the
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Pevonedistat
rtionally increases the risk of the typical cancers of childhood to around the same level.This study sought to examine the active stiffness of semitendinosus (ST) and biceps femoris long head (BFlh) during a knee flexor isometric contraction at 20% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction until failure in elite footballers (n=50, age 22.3±5.3 years; height 1.82±0.08 m; body mass 74.7±9.0 kg). Active stiffness was as
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In recent years, a unique blend of traditional archery and the thrill of dodgeball has captured the attention of adventure seekers and casual players alike. Archery Tag is not just a game; it’s an exhilarating experience that combines strategy, teamwork, and precise aiming. Players don padded protective gear and pick up specially designed foam-tipped arrows, ready to engage in friendly combat on a vibrant arena filled with obstacle
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The Pan-Pearl River Basin is a bridgehead for China’s reform and opening-up and the construction of the Belt and Road at Sea, with vital strategic significance in Chinese overall development. Land use data and climate and socio-economic indicators were integrated to probe the spatiotemporal change and its driving forces of land use in the Pan-Pearl River basin with ArcGIS spatial analysis tool and SPSS factor analy
MorrisonHart0421
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Overeating and obesity are major public health issues in the United States. Caregivers are at greater risk of engaging in poor health behaviors, such as emotional eating, to cope with the demands of caregiving. Using Heatherton and Baumeister (1991) Escape Theory, this study examines the associations between caregiver characteristics (i.e. age, gender, and BMI) and emotional eating, including the extent to which f
WibergCantrell9969
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A 14-year-old American Paint Horse mare was referred for further evaluation of a firm mass with an associated draining tract at the base of the left ear suspected to be a dentigerous cyst. Approximately three months prior, the draining tract had been excised under the presumed diagnosis of an abscess with no improvement. Physical examination revealed a firm mass palpable at the base of the left ear with a draining tract
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GA017
Furthermore, CSD promoted activated SFK coupling with Panx1 in rat ipsilateral cortices. Moreover, inhibition of NR2A by NVP-AAM077 reduced elevation of ipsilateral SFK-Panx1 interaction, Panx1 activation induced by CSD and cortical susceptibility to CSD in rats. These data suggest NR2A-regulated, SFK-dependent Panx1 activity plays an important role in migraine aura pathogenesis.MicroRNAs (miRNA), are short regulatory RNA mole
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Results also highlighted an improved peer to peer interaction among both boys and girls in the SKY group.
The results indicate the practice of SKY is associated with reduced stress, improved self-awareness, and social behavior.
The results indicate the practice of SKY is associated with reduced stress, improved self-awareness, and social behavior.Objective This A
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The results of long-term potentiation (LTP) and depotentiation (DEP) illustrated that the synaptic plasticity was promoted in 5XFAD mice after treatment with NaB. Compared to the AD + Vehicle group, the dendritic spines were more abundant in other groups of mice. Furthermore, the synapse-associated proteins (PSD-95, SYP, NR2B) were reduced and the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6
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With rising awareness of eco-problems, sustainable power has risen to a vital topic of concern. This article aims to clarify the relevance of renewable energy, the advantages, and methods that it affects our lives.
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cycle intermediates in the yck2Δ strain, suggesting the importance of CaYck2 in this pathway. Taken together, we discovered that CaYck2 is an integral piece of carbon metabolism and morphogenesis of C. albicans.Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) causes chronic granulomatous lung disease in humans. Recently, novel strategies such as host-directed therapeutics and adjunctive thera
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A graph theoretical analysis (GTA) and network-based statistical (NBS) analysis revealed different topological organization and slightly better local segregation of the brain network in healthy participants compared with those in depressive patients with suicidal ideation. We suggest that brain functional connectivity may be affected in depressive patients with suicidal ideation.
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identified, although there is no yet full consensus on these issues and established recommendations.Aim – to improve the results of treatment of pressure sores using low-energy laser technology. The authors performed a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of low-energy laser irradiation in the complex treatment of pressure ulcers of 2-3 degrees in 35 patients with severe brain damage
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This coincided with less extensive ferroptosis, a main cause of folic acid-induced AKI. Moreover, icDKO mice were more resistant to folic acid-induced AKI and ferroptosis as compared with single-gene knockout mice. Supporting this, targeting Rev-erb-α/β by SR8278 attenuated ferroptosis to ameliorate folic acid-induced AKI in mice. Rev-erb-α/β promoted ferroptosis by repressing the transcription of Slc7a11 and HO1
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Little is known about the cell physiology of anammox bacteria growing at extremely low growth rates. Here, “Candidatus Brocadia sinica” and “Candidatus Scalindua sp.” were grown in continuous anaerobic membrane bioreactors (MBRs) with complete biomass retention to determine maintenance energy (i.e., power) requirements at near-zero growth rates. After prolonged retentostat cultivations, the specific growt
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This finding suggests that PKH labelling may not be a reliable technique for the tracking of EVs.This is a seven-year study (1/7/2011-31/12/2017) of radon monitoring at two sites of Campi Flegrei caldera (Neaples, Southern Italy) that in the last 70 years experienced repeated phases of volcanic unrest. The sites are equipped with devices for radon detection, based on the spectrometry analysis of the α-partic
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Cutaneous manifestations have been included in COVID-19 patients’ clinical spectrum. Our objective was to determine the association between skin lesions in children and SARS-CoV-2 infection, analyzing others possible infectious/autoimmune etiologies.
Observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study, about children with skin manifestations from April to May 2020. The di
WernerAbrams6898
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MetaRib is dependent on the popular rRNA assembly program EMIRGE (Miller et al., 2013), together with several improvements. We address the challenge posed by large complex datasets by integrating sub-assembly, dereplication and mapping in an iterative approach, with additional post-processing steps. We used the technique to both simul
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Background The Lethrinidae (emperors) include many important food fish species. Accurate determination of species and stocks is important for fisheries management. The taxonomy of the genus Lethrinus is problematic, for example with regards to the identification of the thumbprint emperor Lethrinus harak. Little research has been done on L. harak diversity in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This study aimed to evaluate
MedinaJama2606
Sepantronium
5% of flaxseed cake was individuated as the best formulation to produce sourdough bread fortified with flaxseed cake by the overlap between three series of information coming from physical-chemical, nutritional, and sensorial analyses. In conclusion, in the operating conditions adopted, the use of flaxseed cake could represent a viable alternative for the production of fortified bread based on sourdough technology.Overw
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An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.Bupropion is hydroxylated to its primary active metabolite hydroxybupropion by cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2B6. In vitro data suggest the existence of alternative hydroxylation pathways mediated by the highly polymorphic enzyme CYP2C19. However, the impact of its genetic variants on bupropion metabolism in viv
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Trust and trustworthiness form the basis for continued social and economic interactions, and they are also fundamental for cooperation, fairness, honesty, and indeed for many other forms of prosocial and moral behaviour. However, trust entails risks, and building a trustworthy reputation requires effort. So how did trust and trustworthiness evolve, and under which conditions do they thr
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Both androgens and estrogens play key, albeit incompletely described, roles in the functioning of the epididymis. Because this tightly-coiled tubular structure is compartmented, precise mapping of the distribution of sex steroid’s receptors is important. Such receptors have been located in the first segments (caput, corpus), but the last part (cauda) remains poorly explored. We used immunochemistry to localize a
HallAlbrektsen2303
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Expression of IL-4, a M2-induced cytokine, peaked at 4 days after SCI at both sites. These results suggest different roles of activated microglia and hematogenous macrophages, including both phenotypes of each cell, in neuronal regeneration and chronic NeP after SCI at the injured site and lumbar enlargement. The prevalence of the M1 over the M2 phenotype at the injured site until the subacute phase aft
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The purpose of this study was to establish the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) starter cultures, Lb. plantarum MNC 21, L. lactis MNC 24, and W. confusa MNC 20, isolated from a traditionally fermented sorghum-millet beverage from Uganda. The cultures were examined for tolerance to acid and bile salts, bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity, antibiotic susceptibility, biogenic amine production, mucin degradation,
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Anemia in older patients can be seen as a geriatric syndrome that impairs quality of life, functional status, reduces autonomy, and affects prognosis. Anemia is associated with other geriatric syndrome such as frailty, sarcopenia, falls and fractures, vitamin D deficiency, dementia and others. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common. Most often in older persons, the causes of its development are chronic blood loss and
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Further, the patterns of results differed by speaker sex, with ES speech rated consistently more favourable for female speakers across all outcome measures and TES rated consistently more favourable for male speakers across all outcome measures.Conclusion An overall preference for laryngeal speech was noted, particularly with male speakers. The female ES stimuli, interestingly, was the highest rated al
HollowayVilhelmsen4564
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Recent developments in artificial intelligence have generated increasing interest to deploy automated image analysis for diagnostic imaging and large-scale clinical applications. However, inaccuracy from automated methods could lead to incorrect conclusions, diagnoses or even harm to patients. Manual inspection for potential inaccuracies is labor-intensive and time-consuming, hampering progress towards fast and accu
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Trong thế giới cá cược trực tuyến ngày nay, việc tìm kiếm một nhà cái uy tín và chất lượng đã trở thành ưu tiên hàng đầu của nhiều người chơi. Giữa hàng trăm lựa chọn, nhà cái Cwin nổi bật như một trong những sự lựa chọn hàng đầu, mang đến cho người dùng những trải nghiệm cá cược tuyệt vời và đáng tin cậy. Với giao diện thân thiện, dễ sử dụng và nhiều lựa chọn trò chơi phong phú, Cwin hứa hẹn sẽ mang đến ch
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The morphological alterations of mitochondria in living cells after treatment by CCCP were further evaluated.In this work, a wax-patterned chromatographic paper has been utilized as a holistic platform to 1) synthesize Prussian Blue Nanoparticles (sensing species), 2) load the reagents for the assay, 3) concentrate the sample through multistep, and 4) visualize the determination of silver ions. Waters are continuously affec
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Our results show that cross-language lexical competition was only observed with the presence of lexical tones, in addition to segmental overlap.Monitoring migration flows is crucial to respond to humanitarian crisis and to design efficient policies. This information usually comes from surveys and border controls, but timely accessibility and methodological concerns reduce its usefulness. Here, we propose a method to de
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