Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states.
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
277,803 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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We report a case of 33-year-old female with underlying genetic susceptibility for familial porphyria cutanea tarda due to novel UROD variant (c.636 + 2 dupT) unmasked by transient exposure to supraphysiological oestrogen concentrations following a single cycle of successful controlled ovarian stimulation for oocyte retrieval. Use of oral oestrogen in the form of oral contraceptive pills and hormone rep
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All cases were negative for mutations of the RAS family of genes. Fibroblast growth factor 10 was similarly expressed in all cases, and thus cannot be used to differentiate CPAM4 from PPB-I. Low expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 was seen in our CPAM 4 cases and the probable PPB-I case. YingYang-1 protein seems to play an active role in the development of PPB-I. CPAM 4 can be separated from PPB-I b
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In this review, we will discuss in four scenarios our challenges to offer possible solutions for the puzzle associated with the epilepsies and neuropsychiatric comorbidities. We need to recognize that (1) since quite old times, human wisdom was linked to the plural (distinct global places/cultures) perception of the Universe we are in, with deep respect for earth and nature. Plural ancestral knowledge was added with t
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This training also became the venue to make evidence-based educational actions available to other students without special needs, improving the quality of education provided to all students.Introduction Schools have become a primary setting for providing mental health care to youths in the U.S. School-based interventions have proliferated, but their effects on mental health and academic outcomes remain understudied. I
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This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a potential source of osteoblasts and have been widely used in clinical therapies due to their pluripotency. Recent publications have found that resveratrol (RSVL) played a crucial role in the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs; however, the underlying molecular mechanism of RSVL-induced BMSCs osteogenic differentiati
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A smart robot can perform many tasks, like monitoring and interacting with humans. This type of robotics is used for a wide range of applications such as home automation and healthcare.
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LCN2 -/- mice have less intestinal inflammation, increased IL-22 expression, and greater adaptation as evidenced by less intestinal permeability, increased carbohydrate enzyme expression, less weight loss and less dysbiosis following 75% SBR than WT mice. The pro-inflammatory and anti-adaptive effects of LCN2 can be transferred to germ-free mice via a fecal transplant. Administration of exogenous IL-22 improves adaptation a
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Forty eight eyes of 24 patients were analysed. The pre-cut group and the stab-incision group had a significant decrease in wound thickness from the 1-h to the 1-week measurement (p = 0.022 and p = 0.001). Corneal astigmatism showed a vector difference from preoperatively to the 1-week measurement of 0.48D (SD, ± 0.27) in the stab incision group and 0.49D (SD, ± 0.24) in the stab incision group. No significant differen
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AG reduced MDA, NO metabolites, and IL- 6 and increased total thiol, CAT, and SOD activity in the heart, aorta and serum. As an inhibitor of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), AG further reduced LPS-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, hence considered as cardioprotective.Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is a Schwann cell-derived tumour arising from the vestibulocochlear nerve. Although benign, it represents a threat to in
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The specific roles of these two processes in the subprocess of AD (i.e., acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis) were also analyzed in detail. A two phases anaerobic digester is proposed for protein-rich waste(water) treatment by enhancing the functions of homoacetogens and SAOB compared to the traditional two-phases anaerobic digesters, in which the first phase is fermentation phase including acidogens and homoac
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Films containing 400 mg of EL100 and tragacanth gum are promising candidates for future studies, as they could sexually safeguard women from HIV for at least one week and ensure greater protection during intercourse.The orally administrated antidepressants not only caused side effects such as dizziness, diarrhea, and drug resistance, but also worked slowly. Therefore, new antidepressants and preparations
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Blinatumomab with subsequent haematopoietic stem cell transplantation was applied in 13 infants with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Eight patients were treated in first remission due to slow clearance of minimal residual disease (MRD); one for MRD-reappearance after long MRD negativity, one for primary refractory disease and three during relapse treatment. In slow MRD responders, complete MRD response was ach
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In a rapidly changing world, the importance of ancient craftsmanship endures. These time-honored skills represent a vibrant cultural heritage and hold valuable lessons for today’s world. Grasping the essence of these crafts is vital for keeping our history alive.
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RESULTS Compared with the rats in group A, those in group B showed significantly decreased percentage of grade a+b sperm (P 0.05), nor in the mRNA and protein expressions of CatSper1 between groups F and G. CONCLUSIONS The expression of CatSper1 is decreased in the epididymal sperm of varicocele rats, and L-carnitine can increase the sperm viability, percentage of grade a+b sperm and CatSper1 expression of the ra
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In this present investigation, thiazolylcoumarin derivatives (5a-5k) were synthesized from thiosemicarbazide, ethyl acetoacetate, and naphthaldehyde through a multistep route. The formation of thiazolylcoumarin derivatives with bioactive scaffolds was confirmed through nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A solvatochromic study of synthesized thiazolylcoumarin derivatives was carried out using ultravio
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In today’s dynamic work environment, enhancing efficiency is vital for achieving goals. Whether you’re an individual or part of a collaborative unit, understanding how to maximize productivity can lead to better results. This article delves into the strategies to help you augment your productivi
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In recent years, city gardening has risen as a significant practice that tackles both green and room restrictions. With the rise of urbanization, creating gardens in metropolitan regions isvital for sustaining living systems and improving the level of living conditions. This article aims to
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BACKGROUND The development of congenital heart disease (CHD) is multifactorial with genetic and environmental influences. We sought to determine the relationship between socioeconomic and environmental factors with the incidence of CHD among live-born infants in California and to determine whether maternal comorbidities are in the causal pathway. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a population-based cohort study in California (2007-2012). Th
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Pan evaporation (EVP) is an important element of the hydrological cycle and exhibits a close relationship with climate change. In this study, the generalized regression neural network (GRNN) model and extreme gradient boosting (Xgboost) model were applied to estimate the monthly EVP. The spatiotemporal distributions of EVP and influencing factors in China and eight subregions from 1961 to 2017 were analyzed.
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Our aim in this study was to determine whether a cognitive-behavioural therapy plus small changes lifestyle intervention can produce comparable improvements in insulin users vs patients not using insulin with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2D) and comorbid depressive or regimen-related distress (RRD) symptoms.
This study is a secondary analysis of Collaborative C
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In today’s world, where the impact of climate change are increasingly apparent, the importance of renewable energy is unquestionable. As conventional energy sources continue to decrease and damage the environment, renewable energy offers a promising alternative for a eco-friendly future.
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Purpose To evaluate the outcomes of embryo transfer (ET) and to identify the parameters influencing pregnancy outcomes. Methods This study included 938 ET cycles involving single frozen and thawed good-quality blastocyst (Gardner grade ≥3BB) between August 2017 and January 2018. The significance of several parameters including endometrial thickness, position of the transferred air bubble, self-evaluation score by physic
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The aim of the research presented in this paper is to evaluate the feasibility of using hydrophobic agents based on organosilicon compounds for surface protection of lightweight concrete modified with waste polystyrene. The experimental part pertains to the physical and mechanical properties of polystyrene-modified lightweight concrete. The concrete samples were prepared with the following ingredients CEM I 42.5 R cem
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Intravascular ultrasound examination of the ascending aorta provided larger diameters than the ones collected by means of TTE. However,
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This study presents the first transcriptome resources for Mugil incilis and provides basic information for the development of genomic tools, such as the identification of RNA markers, useful to analyze environmental impacts on this fish Caribbean species.Myoclonus-dystonia (MD) is a syndrome characterized by myoclonus of subcortical origin and dystonia, frequently associated with psychiatric comorbidities. The
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Aspirin is one of the most widely used drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. While its use in patients with known cardiovascular disease has been supported with trials which have included mortality benefit, the utility of aspirin therapy in patients without established cardiovascular disease has been less clear. Early trials appeared to demonstrate benefit with the use of as
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Oral corticosteroids are often used in the medical management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with and without polyps. The purpose of our study is to review the literature for studies reporting the dosage of oral corticosteroids as part of the appropriate medical management prior to, immediately before, and after surgical intervention.
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The use of the ethiodized oil- Lipiodol in conventional trans-arterial chemoembolization (cTACE) ensures radiopacity to visualize drug delivery in the process of providing selective drug targeting to hepatic cancers and arterial embolization. Lipiodol functions as a carrier of chemo drugs for targeted therapy, as an embolic agent, augmenting the drug effect by efflux into the portal veins as well as a predictor fo
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Retrospective chart review cohort study of 188 eyes with BRVO and cystoid macular edema (CME); 81 treatment-naïve eyes were sele
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Concussions are frequent in sports and can contribute to significant and long-lasting neurological disability. Adolescents are particularly susceptible to concussions, with accurate determination of the injury challenging. Our previous study demonstrated that concussion diagnoses could be aided by metabolomics profiling and machine learning, with particular weighting on changes in plasma glycerophospho
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