Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states.
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
281,386 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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In this review, we provide an overview of virulence mechanisms and determinants for which roles have been demonstrated in vivo, primarily in mouse models of infection.Treatments of bone metastases using radionuclides are now well established in oncology. It is also a field that continues to develop. This article reviews the evidence base that led to the approval of strontium-89 and samarium-153 ethylenediaminetetramethylene pho
McintoshWebster9858
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albicans cell surface is locally coated with extracellular glucans (~6-fold vs. uncoated C. albicans), which vastly exceeds the forces between S. gordonii andC. albicans. The enhanced binding affinity of S. mutans to glucan-coated C. albicans resulted in a larger structure during early biofilm initiation compared to S. gordonii-C. albicans biofilms. Ultimately, this resulted in S. mutan
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No statistical difference in area reduction was appreciated between imaging modalities (P = .652) CONCLUSION Neovascular area decreased significantly following scatter photocoagulation in both standard-field and widefield FA scans without an appreciable difference between imaging modalities. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51153-158.]. Copyright 2020, SLACK Incorporated.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE T
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Of the 80 pupils put for medical center breathing treatment training, 61 completed the research. Thirty-seven of this responders had been guys (60%). Forty-nine students (80%) agreed on the effectiveness regarding the placements in planning them for vital attention circumstances. Students just who finished practicum we agreed on the significance o
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We describe a 65-year-old man who during his service in the military developed an acute onset of burning pain in his feet and hands shortly after an acute, severe exposure to the fumes of chemical agent resistant coating (CARC). This chemical is used in the military to paint vehicles and equipment to create metal surfaces resistant to corrosion and penetration by chemical agents. Extensive laboratory workup for peripheral
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In this guest editorial, the author first discusses how gender is a historical and biopsychosocial construct. This means that there are many aspects of gender besides identity, such as gender expressions, roles and experiences. They address how this issue highlights some of these aspects but that these are not exhaustive, given the topic. They highlight how being able to consider our own gender identities, roles, expressi
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The thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) describes a trade-off relation between nonequilibrium currents and entropy production and serves as a fundamental principle of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. However, currently known TURs presuppose either specific initial states or an infinite-time average, which severely limits the range of applicability. Here we derive a finite-time TUR valid for arbitrary initial st
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Between April 2014 and June 2016, a total of 28 patients (22 men and 6 women) were enrolled. AKI occurred in 8 of the 28 enrolled patients (28.6%). Univariate analyses demonstrated that the urinary β2-microglobulin level and body surface area were significantly higher in the AKI group (P less then 0.05). As regards the associations between AKI and SNV, none of the examined SNV were found to be associated with cispl
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This study aimed to determine whether coronary artery calcium score (CACS) can be a prognostic indicator for the development of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and compare the value of CACS with that of the 123I-betamethyl-p-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid (123I-BMIPP) defect score (BDS) in patients with non-ischemic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (NIHFpEF). Among 643 consecutive patients hospital
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Influencing factors that effect the photocatalytic efficiency of dyes, such as catalyst dose, dyes concentration, time, and the light source was also studied. More importantly, after five catalytic cycles, no evident deactivation was observed, suggesting the satisfactory stability of the investigated photocatalyst. Also, large numbers of superoxides radicals form which is the main active species participate in the degradation of acid
ZachariassenNance1252
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These structure-function studies lead to a better understanding of factors that impact the in vitro target binding and cytotoxicity of ADC species. ADC species containing hydrophobic payloads with high DAR were found to have lower target binding by ELISA compared to that of the unconjugated antibody or the heterogeneous reference ADC with DAR ∼4. Under similar assay conditions, the ADCs conjugated to hydrop
WiseCovington9116
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Resected PDAC patients who were administrated with high concentration ropivacaine through epidural catheter intraoperatively had improved overall survival (median overall survival, mOS, high VS low, 37.6 VS 23.7 months, p=0.04). High epidural ropivacaine concentration was an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio [HR]=0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44-0.94; p=0.03). Subgroups analyses shown that T
JonssonDeal1093
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Objective To investigate the effect of miR-146a on the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel (PTX). Materials and Methods The mRNA expressions of miR-146a in normal breast cancer cells, MCF-7, and PTX-resistant breast cancer cells, MCF-7/PTX, were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). MTS was used to analyze the cytotoxicity treated with different concentrations of PTX. O
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lactis 6-3H, L. animalis 30a-2, L. reuteri 4-12E, and W. cibaria C34 strains might produce bacteriocins and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as antimicrobial substances. The L. animalis 30a-2 and W. cibaria C34 strains were further characterized for probiotic properties and shown to have high acid and bile salt tolerance. Additionally, they have broad antimicrobial spectra, and can significantly repress the growth of all of the
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The data demonstrated a positive correlation between halitosis and enzymatic activity, suggesting that the enzyme exerts a direct role in the occurrence of bad breath. Gas-chromatography analysis demonstrated that exogenously added enzyme led to the alteration of volatile organic content, confirming a direct contribution of β-glucosidase activity on saliva volatile compounds release. Although halitosis is a multif
GaardeCline2954
CPI-613
Natural gas hydrates are an ideal alternative clean energy source. Many countries are currently attempting the trial production of gas hydrates. Japan became the first country to achieve offshore hydrate trial production in 2013, and China conducted 60 days of continuous trial exploitation in 2017. This study analyzes the changes in the internal stress of the hydrate zone and hydrate saturation of the soil throughout the mo
SchmidtClay0363
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Enteritidis. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that the SNP in envZ significantly increases the phosphorylated status of OmpR in S. Enteritidis and alters the expression of the OmpR regulon. Phenotypic analyses further identified that the SNP in envZ decreases motility of S. Enteritidis but increases its adhesion and invasion to both human epithelial cells and murine macrophage cells. In addition to an enhanceme
RomeroBendixen6587
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We investigate the effect of aerobic physical training (APT) on muscle morphofunctional markers and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2/Angiotensin 1-7/Mas receptor (ACE2/Ang 1-7/Mas) axis in an obesity-linked insulin resistance (IR) animal model induced by cafeteria diet (CAF).
Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned into groups CHOW-SED (chow diet, seden
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Fluoropyrimidine c (5-fluorouracil [5FU]) increasingly represents the chemotherapeutic backbone for neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and palliative treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Even in combination with other agents, 5FU efficacy remains transient and limited. One explanation for the inadequate response is insufficient and nonspecific delivery of 5FU to the tumor.
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BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Within the spectrum of NAFLD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in combination with hepatic inflammation and fibrosis can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Dysbiosis was reported to contribute to NASH pathogenesis. This study aimed to determine the effects of fructo
ZimmermannYoung8249
KU-57788 cell line
The thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) describes a trade-off relation between nonequilibrium currents and entropy production and serves as a fundamental principle of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. However, currently known TURs presuppose either specific initial states or an infinite-time average, which severely limits the range of applicability. Here we derive a finite-time TUR valid for arbitrary initial st
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The psychoactive plant Salvia divinorum has long been used medicinally by Indigenous people from southern Mexico, the only place where it is endemic, and is now studied by pharmaceutical researchers. I analyze competing ways the two groups “make medicine” with salvia, attending simultaneously to material/embodied and semiotic/linguistic dimensions of those practices. I introduce two concepts – stripping and enrobing – to sh
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The production cost of controlled-release fertilizers is an important factoring limiting their applications. To reduce the coating cost of diammonium phosphate (DAP) and improve its nutrition release characteristics, the fertilizer cores were modified by water polishing with three dosages at 1, 2, and 3%. The effects of modification were evaluated in terms of particle hardness, size distribution, angle of repose and specific surface area. C
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INTRODUCTION Although it is known that individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have difficulties performing dual-task activities, most of the studies have verified the effect of dual tasks on gait using tasks that are uncommon to perform while walking. However, the realization of tasks involving gait that really represents the daily activities carried out by the participants, allow us to detect real fall risk
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All papers found a positive association between the DII or C-DII with cardiometabolic markers. These included adiposity (i.e., BMI, waist and hip circumference, waist-to-height ratio and fat mass index), and/or to inflammatory biomarkers (interleukins 1, 2 and 6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon gamma, and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1). In conclusion, findings currently available in the literature indicate th
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In this review, we provide an overview of virulence mechanisms and determinants for which roles have been demonstrated in vivo, primarily in mouse models of infection.Treatments of bone metastases using radionuclides are now well established in oncology. It is also a field that continues to develop. This article reviews the evidence base that led to the approval of strontium-89 and samarium-153 ethylenediaminetetramethylene pho
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พนันคาสิโน นอกเหนือจากนั้น คาสิโนพวกนี้ยังมีเกมให้เลือกเล่นล้นหลาม ก็เลยเชื่อมั่นได้ว่ามีเกมให้เลือกเล่นสำหรับทุกคน ตั้งแต่เกมโต๊ะคลาสสิกไปจนกระทั่งสล็อตวิดีโอยุคใหม่ คาสิโนพวกนี้มีตัวเลือกล้นหลามให้ผู้เล่นได้เพลิดเพลินเจริญใจ นอกจากนั้น คาสิโนออนไลน์ที่มีชื่อ ยังมีมาตรการรั ัยที่เอาจริงเอาจัง เพื่อคุ้มครองป้องกันข้อมูลเฉพาะบุคคลและก็ข้อมูลทางด้านการเงินของผู้ใช้ ทำให้ผู้เล่นสุขใจได้ว่าข้อมูลของตนเองไม่มีอันตราย เวลาที่เล่นแล้วก็รั
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The biochemical assays further revealed that the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were reduced, while the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was increased after apigenin treatment in hyperlipidemic rats. Moreover, we performed histopathological investigations and found that the lipidic deposition patterns were recovered and the amount of lipid vacuoles was sign
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A two-dimensional topological insulator (2DTI) has an insulating bulk and helical edges robust to nonmagnetic backscattering. While ballistic transport has been demonstrated in micron-scale 2DTIs, larger samples show significant backscattering and a nearly temperature-independent resistance of unclear origin. Spin polarization has been measured, however the degree of helicity is difficult to quantify. Here, we study
WentworthBendix9945
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The addition of serum albumin to a cell-free system should be restricted to drugs having high protein binding (≥ 90%). Additionally, stability assessment of analytes should be considered to avoid dubious in vitro potency outcomes due to degraded material or active metabolite(s).PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) during the rapid eye movement (REM) stage of the sleep cycle is associated with intense hypoxemia
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Garnet based solid-state batteries have the advantages of wide electrochemical window and good chemical stability. However, at Li-garnet interface, the poor interfacial wettability due to Li2CO3 passivation usually causes large resistance and unstable contact. Here, a Li2CO3-affiliative mechanism is proposed for air-accessible interface engineering of garnet electrolyte via facile liquid metal (LM) painting.
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We also found evidence of hampered shared decision making and/or disempowered patient decision making regarding CES testing. Our data suggest unique needs for Latinx families having CES, particularly those who are non-English speaking when an interpreter is used. Our data support the value in continuing to take steps to improve culturally competent care by improving interpretation services and r
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Collectively, this pH-responsive hydrogel presents potential as a promising new material for the treatment of infected wounds.The relationship between the forward head posture and mechanosensitivity in subjects with a cervicogenic headache (CGH) remains uncertain. The aim of the study was to evaluate if there was a relationship between the tissue mechanosensitivity and cranio-cervical angle (CCA) that was
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Swyer syndrome is a 46 XY pure gonadal dysgenesis. Affected individuals are phenotypically female with external female genitalia, hypoplastic Mullerian structures, and the presence of streak gonads. Gonadectomy is indicated due to increased risk of development of malignancy in streak gonads. We hereby report a case of 15-year-old patient with Swyer syndrome who underwent laparoscopic gonadectomy. Histopathological examination showed st
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The association of the TRS with AD diagnosis and entorhinal cortical thickness was also replicated in AddNeuroMed. Among functional genes identified to calculate the TRS,
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These results show the potential of the presented method to assemble micro-concentrator photovoltaic devices, which operate at higher efficiencies while using light concentration.We sought to determine a mechanism by which L-arginine increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in β-cells by finding a protein with affinity to L-arginine using arginine-im
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Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are the hemodialysis access modality of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, they have a high early failure rate. Good vascular access is essential to manage long-term hemodialytic treatment, but some anesthesia techniques directly affect venous diameter as well as intra- and post-operative blood flow. The main purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the result
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This broad-scale assessment of Hg exposure in migratory songbirds in Canada can be used to guide future studies on finer-scale determinants of Hg exposure in birds.The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This pathogen has spread rapidly across the world, causing high numbers of deaths and significant social and economic impacts. SARS-CoV-2
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In this review we described the values of commonly available HScore laboratory markers in patients with coronavirus-19 (COVID-19)-pneumonia associated cytokine storm syndrome (CPN-CSS) and compared results with those of other forms cytokine storm syndrome (O-CSS) to determine a pattern for CPN-CSS. Twelve CPN-CSS studies and six O-CSS studies were included. CPN-CSS typically obtained a single HScore valu
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Due to cumulative fatigue and the dynamic nature of MMA, our data indicate that not only the decrements in aerobic and anaerobic power likely affect a fighter’s performance, but their reaction time and motor time may also be compromised during a fight.Although harmful consumption of alcohol and other drugs (both illicit and pharmaceutical) significantly contribute to global burden of disease, not all harms a
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The limiting AA in both raw and roasted pistachio nuts that determined the DIAAS for this age group was Lys. CONCLUSION Results of this research illustrate that raw and roasted pistachio nuts can be considered a good quality protein source with DIAAS greater than 75, however, processing conditions associated with roasting may decrease the digestibility of AA in pistachio nuts. This article is protected by co
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Second, a generic muscle control strategy is not representative of all populations. Lastly, simulations do not employ optimal fiber length to complete a lateral pinch task. These results demonstrate the potential of anthropometrically-scaled models to study hand strength across the lifespan, while also highlighting that muscle control strategies may adapt as we age. The results also provide insight to the
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3%). Proportions with IEM were lower using stringent criteria (10.0%), especially in supine studies (7.1%-8.5%). Other motor patterns were rare (0.2%-4.1% overall) and did not vary by age or gender. DL thresholds were close to current norms across HRM systems, while IRP thresholds varied by HRM system and study position. Both fifth and 95th percentile DCI values were lower than current thresholds, both in upright and sup
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There are currently no guidelines for central-line insertion site evaluation. Our study revealed an association between insertion site inflammation (ISI) and the development of central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). Automated surveillance for ISI is feasible and could help prevent CLABSI.Cross-cultural differences in book sharing practices of American and Thai mother-preschooler d
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Accurate diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA) is the first important step in ensuring appropriate management of the disease. A multitude of tests involving assessment of biomarkers help in assessment of severity and grading of osteoarthritic damage. However, most tests are time consuming and are limited by the paucity in synovial fluid volume. In majority of OA effusions, calcium containing crystals are found. The aim of ou
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An awareness of atypical presentations allows SARS-CoV-2 to be a differential so that it can be appropriately investigated. A knowledge of infectious mimics prevents COVID-19 from overshadowing other diagnoses, hence preventing delayed diagnosis or even misdiagnosis and consequent adverse outcomes for patients.Background Women’s physical and mental health are strongly inter-related and may influence patterns
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The ingredient contribution score involved 29 ingredients contributing 90.14% of the total contribution score of this formula for AD treatment, which emphasized that the effective therapeutic effects of these herbs for AD were derived from both ATR and CR, not a single herb. Organ distribution showed that the targets of the active ingredients were mainly located in the whole blood, the brain, and the muscle, which are associa
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