Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
417,566 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Mass spectrometry enhanced by nanotechnology can achieve previously unattainable sensitivity for characterizing urinary pathogen-derived peptides. We utilized mass spectrometry enhanced by affinity hydrogel particles (analytical sensitivity = 2.5 pg/mL) to study tick pathogen-specific proteins shed in the urine of patients with (1) erythema migrans rash and acute symptoms, (2) post treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PT
VincentNyholm4913
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r emergency physicians. There is a need for prospectively derived and validated ED-based clinical risk prediction tools.
Differentiating children with septic arthritis from non-emergent disorders of non-traumatic limp remains a key diagnostic challenge for emergency physicians. There is a need for prospectively derived and validated ED-based clinical risk prediction tools.
KeeganBalslev1783
Exploring coastal towns
Introduction
In recent years, the concept of green tourism has gained significant traction in the quest to safeguard our planet. With the growing understanding of climate change and environmental degradation, choosing environmentally conscious travel options has become imperative. As more travelers devo
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20ft Shipping Containers Are Built For Durability
Shipping and logistics professionals are well-known for their toughness of 20ft Shipping Containers. These containers are made of corten which is a weathering steel that is designed to resist corrosion.
They can be used with trucks and train cars to ensure eff
StensgaardTorres2031
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To determine the attitudes of child and adolescent psychiatrists working in different institutions throughout Turkey towards smoking addiction and intervention steps.
An information form assessing physicians’ 5As approach was established considering the studies included in the literature, and this form was applied to physicians working in the area of child psychiatry by way of e-m
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g., relationship with coworkers-. Length of service and working with highly dependent persons are negatively associated with these components. Working in social health care is negatively related to decision-making and working conditions. Training, in contrast, is positively associated with these components. Care is a job that requires appropriate training and preparation to provide quality assistance and to guarantee
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iome in HS. Further research should be undertaken examining the cutaneous and gut microbiome in HS, and its relationship with documented co-morbidities. Additionally, metagenomics-focused studies may help identify the relationship between microorganisms and host, and this may shed light on new pathways of disease pathogenesis. This may help identify potential future therapeutic targets.The relationships between nutrie
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Diverse analysis techniques have been used to comprehend the regulation by the autonomic nervous system (ANS) of the cardiovascular system when a human being faces a stressor. Recently, however, the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) allows analyzing nonstationary signals in a nonlinear and time- variant way. Conseq
OddershedeDecker5107
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In addition to extruding DNA loops, cohesin entraps within its SMC-kleisin ring (S-K) individual DNAs during G1 and sister DNAs during S-phase. All three activities require related hook-shaped proteins called Scc2 and Scc3. Using thiol-specific crosslinking we provide rigorous proof of entrapment activity in vitro. Scc2 alone promotes entrapment of DNAs in the E-S and E-K compartments, between ATP
AndreasenPeterson0554
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Zinc (Zn2+) is an essential metal in biology, and its bioavailability is highly regulated. Many cell types exhibit fluctuations in Zn2+ that appear to play an important role in cellular function. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms by which Zn2+ dynamics influence cell physiology remain enigmatic. Here, we use a combination of fluorescent biosensors and cell perturbations to define how chan
RodeWinters7202
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A descriptive design was used of a reflective process of problem solving among individuals working together to improve the process of translating.
Sweden.
The aim of this study was to describe a modified process for translation and validation of the International Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Quality of Life (QoL) and Activity and Particip
HurleyThybo8935
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This paper aims to present the MRI findings of a multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT).
The authors identified four patients with MVNT in the hospital between January 2015 and October 2019. Both the clinical and radiological data of the patients were collected for analysis.
Three pat
ConradTuran7073
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Attractive Toxic Sugar Baits (ATSB) are used in a “lure-and-kill” approach for management of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, but the active chemicals were previously unknown. Here we collected volatiles from a mango, Mangifera indica, juice bait which is used in ATSBs in Tanzania and tested mosquito responses. In a Y-tube olfactometer, female mosquitoes were attracted to the mango volatiles collected 24-48 h, 48
StarrNorth0777
Chaetocin
Background Great advances have been made for the treatment of urothelial carcinoma by the introduction of checkpoint inhibitors (CPI). Single-agent immunotherapy with CPIs has been approved for patients with metastatic or locally advanced inoperable urothelial carcinoma who have either progressed during or after platinum-based chemotherapy or who are cisplatin-ineligible. For cisplatin-ineligible patients, approval is r
BermanHanna8394
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Findings are discussed within the context of word recognition and decision-based models.Improving our understanding of post-stroke fatigue is crucial to develop more effective interventions. This effort may be hampered by the methods used to assess fatigue, which usually rely on retrospective memory reports. However, such reports are prone to memory bias and may not capture variability in fatigue in daily life; there
LyngeWaters1494
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Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications.
OttesenSahl8596
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anatomical site for warts in CO2 laser users compared to controls. Simple safety measures greatly reduce HPV contamination and transmission risk.We report findings from two studies investigating possible relations of prenatal androgen exposure to a broad measure of children’s gender-typed behavior, as well as specifically to children’s toy and playmate preferences. Study 1 investigated these outcomes for 43 girls and
ChappellDogan3983
BI-2865 chemical structure
RNA interference (RNAi) is an important tool for gene function studies in insects, especially in non-model insects. This technology is also being developed for pest control. However, variable RNAi efficiency among insects is limiting its use in insects. Systemic RNAi in Caenorhabditis elegans requires systemic RNA interference defective protein 1 (CeSid1). The expression of CeSid1 in insect cell lines was
WarmingMonrad3654
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Understanding the response mechanism of ecosystems to climate change and human disturbance can be improved by analyzing the spatial patterns of vegetation phenology and its influencing factors. Because the diverse phenological patterns are impacted by cloud cover contamination issues in the satellite observations, there are few remote sensing phenological research data in subtropical monsoon climate regions. To better und
StampeWiley8284
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In the example of alcohol/water, the computation time is less, and it can be applied to continuous column monitoring.The electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 into useful fuels, exploiting rationally designed, inexpensive, active, and selective catalysts, produced through easy, quick, and scalable routes, represents a promising approach to face today’s climate challenges and energy crisis. This work presents a facile strategy for
CarverRouse8804
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The sacrum, an essential skeletal element in the trunk, articulates with the ilium and lumbar and caudal vertebrae. While there are known morphological differences between hominoids and cercopithecoids (Old World monkeys), sacral morphological variations among cercopithecoids have rarely been studied outside of research on tail length variation. Increased knowledge regarding sacral variations in extant primates,
AvilaHjelm5561
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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is usually a benign, yet underdiagnosed clinical condition associated with subacute to acute neurological manifestations primarily affecting white matter. PRES is reversible when recognized promptly and treated early by removal of the insulting factor; however, can lead to irreversible and life-threatening complications such as cerebral hemorrhage, cerebellar herniation, and
TempleStephansen2040
N6-methyladenosine ic50
58, 95%CI0.06-1.11, P = 0.029) and the occurrence of cognitive decline (odds ratio (OR) = 1.55, 95%CI1.13-2.12, P = 0.007).
In elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c ≥8% is an independent factor for cognitive decline and is also associated with the severity of the cognitive decline.
In elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c ≥8%
ColeySchmidt2774
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Recently, dental pulp has been attracting attention as a promising source of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for various clinical applications of regeneration fields. To date, we have succeeded in establishing rat dental pulp-derived cells showing the characteristics of odontoblasts under in vitro conditions. We named them Tooth matrix-forming, GFP rat-derived Cells (TGC). However, though TGC form massive dentin-l
MyrickRiley9803
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How to Get a Driving License in Germany
Germany is a country that allows cars with efficient autobahns and plenty of parking space. It is essential to be aware of the rules prior to driving in Germany. You must pass the written test prior to taking your test in the practical.
GarzaRasmussen2947
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The circular polarization of the microwave magnetic field with an ellipticity of 0.94 is demonstrated experimentally. The Rabi oscillation frequency and its inhomogeneity are measured, and the results demonstrate a good agreement with the numerically predicted results.The high resolution of lithography lenses has led to a requirement for high-precision lens-adjusting compensators. This paper presents the des
McDanielHermansen6946
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Transplantation significantly reduced the total number of follicles with the greatest impact observed at the primordial follicle stage. We report that NMN did not prevent this loss. While NMN did not significantly impact the proportion of apoptotic follicles, NMN normalised PCNA expression at the primordial and intermediate stages but not at later stages. In conclusion, NMN administration did not prevent ovarian folli
SahinDudley1537
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01 mg/kg). A-21 exhibited a potent bacterial membrane-damaging mechanism and lipopolysaccharide-binding ability. These data provide evidence that A-21 is a promising antimicrobial candidate for the treatment of bacterial pneumonia.The use of fluorinated contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) facilitates improved image quality due to the negligible amount of endogenous fluorine atoms in the body. In this work
HatchCrowell7327
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The overall cancer detection rate was 4.1/1000 screened women. Positive predictive value of screening was 4.7% with a sensitivity rate of 53% and specificity of 92%. This study showed a low mammography adherence among previously screened women. The study revealed low sensitivity, high specificity, and an acceptable cancer detection rate. Future programs should focus on improving data collection of screened women, mainta
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Selleckchem Capmatinib
Attrition is a major obstacle for lifestyle interventions sustained for the medium-to-long term and can have significant consequences on the internal validity of a trial. When the degree of attrition differs between active and control arms this is termed differential attrition and is an important consideration during initial stages of trial planning.
The primary resea
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How Much Does it Expense to Order a New Driver’s License?
New Yorkers can get a revamped license and ID that consists of extra security features. It costs more, though.
You will need to arrange a visit and bring the required documentation to your local DMV office. You might be a
MonaghanBrandon4129
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More generally, we demonstrate the utility of the FLEX pipeline for performing robust comparative evaluations of CRISPR screens or methods for processing them.
Both daily and event-driven (ED) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) have been demonstrated to be highly effective among men who have sex with men (MSM). Prevention-effective adherence proposes that PrEP adherence should be aligned with the risk of HI
OdomGoff1254
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It is important to emphasize the need for more studies with larger samples to increase the certainty of the evidence reported in this review.
The therapeutic modalities studied improved the periodontal clinical parameters of class II furcations, but the use of EMD in the treatment of these defects did not contribute to a clinical improvement that justified its use associated w
HeathBoykin8221
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River sediment is the ultimate sink for heavy metal pollution. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are consistently found at environmentally significant levels in sediments worldwide. We hypothesized that the bioavailability and potential ecological risk of Cu and Zn in river sediments may be affected by seasonal variations and spatial distribution. In this study, we tested our hypothesis using highly industrialized river sediments (Lao
HalbergPrater8338
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Identification of more upstream hub transcription factors and the epigenetic mechanisms specific for individual hub transcription factors would advance our understanding of how the preconditioning injury induces orchestrated upregulation of RAGs.Stress may promote emotional and cognitive disturbances, which differ by sex. Adverse outcomes, including memory disturbances, are typically observed following
HarrisTherkelsen5480
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Background Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) with multielectrode duty-cycled radiofrequency (PVAC) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). We describe pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection at repeat ablation in patients with AF recurrence after PVAC PVI and analyze the correlation between the time of AF recurrence and the observed PV reconnection patterns. Methods Eighty-five patients underg
JohnsHuang6884
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BACKGROUND Sleep disturbances such as nonrestorative sleep and nighttime awakenings play a crucial role in fibromyalgia (FMS). Pain and sleep disturbances show a bidirectional relationship which affect outcomes in FMS. This study aims to compare sleep structures between patients with fibromyalgia and healthy controls. METHODS We evaluated subjective and objective sleep structures of 33 patients with fibromyalgia and 34 healthy con
CrosbySoto1402
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9 million metric tons) and associated economic losses were 108.1 million USD (18.3 million USD), 190.2 million USD (32.4 million USD) and 486.4 million USD (82.9 million USD) based on AOT40 (M7) metric. This study indicates that regional risks to rice from O3 exposure and provide quantitative evidence of O3-induced impacts on rice yields and economic losses across Southern China. Therefore, the establishment
VasquezOlsson0772
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75). Mean differences in body mass index (BMI) were associated with total (0.65 [0.23,1.06] kg; p less then 0.01; I2 = 56.9%) and trunk (0.56 [0.11,1.01] kg; p = 0.02; I2 = 42.8%) LBM or FFM. The PCOS subgroup with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 had greater total LBM or FFM versus controls (1.58 [0.82,2.34] kg; p less then 0.01; I2 = 64.0%) unlike the PCOS subgroup with BMI less then 25 kg/m2 (-0.45 [-1.94,1.05] kg; p = 0.53; I
HoDiaz3323
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Centrosome reduction and redistribution of pericentriolar material (PCM) coincides with cardiomyocyte transitions to a post-mitotic and matured state. However, it is unclear whether centrosome changes are a cause or consequence of terminal differentiation. We validated that centrosomes were intact and functional in proliferative human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs), consistent with
SantanaRaymond0384
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7 vs 1.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 /year). In multivariate analysis, early decline was associated with age, preoperative glomerular filtration rate, parenchymal volume loss and ischemia >25 min. With respect to long-term recovery, suturing had the greatest adverse impact (β = -5.060, P 2 years after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Hemostatic sutures during robot-assisted partial nephrectomy mi
BraunMack7948
rsv signal
Seasonally nitrogen-limited and phosphorus-replete temperate seaside oceans generally host dense and diverse diazotrophic communities. Despite numerous researches in marine systems, bit is known about diazotrophs and their particular functioning in oligohaline estuarine environments. Right here we used a mixture of nifH tran
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tration sources.Coral reefs face an increased number of environmental threats from anthropomorphic climate change and pollution from agriculture, industries and sewage. Because environmental changes lead to their compositional and functional shifts, coral reef microbial communities can serve as indicators of ecosystem impacts through development of rapid and inexpensive molecular monitoring tools. Little is known
CombsDuggan2581
STO-609
5-Methylcytosine (m5C) is a kind of methylation modification that occurs in both DNA and RNA and is present in the highly abundant tRNA and rRNA. It has an important impact on various human diseases including cancer. The function of m5C is modulated by regulatory proteins, including methyltransferases (writers) and special binding proteins (readers). This study aims at comprehensive study of the m5C RNA methylation-related
NealRogers4992
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We attempt to understand the pollution characteristics and carcinogenic risk of toxic elements around Hutou Village, Xuanwei City, Yunnan Province, China. For this propose, 48 road dust samples were collected systematically, and the concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Co, and Cr(IV) were analyzed and compared; the spatial distribution was obtained. The Igeo and EF indices and multivariate statistical analysis
PaaskeMcfarland6967
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Transapical access procedures resulted in fewer valve-in-valve implantations than did transseptal access procedures (P=0.026). These current results indicate that transcatheter mitral valve replacement is feasible in treating native mitral disease. The slightly higher technical success rate in patients who had mitral regurgitation suggests that a valve with a specific anchoring system is
CamachoDidriksen8366
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We further found that the saccadic and perceptual effects were not correlated at the trial-by-trial level, which suggest that there could be largely independent sources of noise for perception and saccadic control.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The Müller-Lyer illusion affects both perception and oculomotor control, but it is unknown whether these effects arise from the same or different underlying mechanisms. We developed a modifi
OneilZacho5461
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Introduction Diverting ostomy is a commonly perfomed procedure but may be associated to its own morbidity (early or late complications). Colostomy-related evisceration is a rare but potentially life threatening condition (requiring emergency surgery), relatively undocumented for its mechanisms. Case report A male aged 84 was admited for chronic low digestive occ
WarnerMedina3501
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Introduction.Primary Immunodeficiency diseases(PID) are common in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis(NCFB). Our objective was to determine ratio/types of PID in NCFB. Patients.Seventy NCFB patients followed up in a two-year period were enrolled. Results.Median age was 14 years (min.-max., 6-30). Patients had their first pulmonary infection at a median age of 6 months(min.-max., 0.5-84), we
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d other drivers.
Many residents become parents during residency and the adequacy of parental leave is integrally related to resident wellness.
To understand current parental leave policies in ophthalmology residency programs and program director perceptions of the impact of parental leave on trainees.
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