Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
294,535 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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SD-OCT allowed the characterization of this entity, expanding the spectrum of paraneoplastic ophthalmological syndromes.Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) is a group of corneal disorders that cause peripheral corneal thinning, threatening globe integrity in advance stages. It is usually associated with systemic autoimmune diseases and management is based on local and systemic approaches. We pre
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or COVID-19. Safe care and transport of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients is achievable. Most patients on primary missions were transported by ground. These patients were less sick than interfacility transport patients, for whom air transport was the preferred method.Advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC), featured by distinctive histopathological appearance, distant organ metastasis, acquired chemoresistance, and t
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or progression of RCC and identify new markers for its diagnosis and prognosis. Copyright © Li et al.Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) prostate cancer-associated transcript 1 (PCAT-1) is a long non-coding RNA involved in the development of various cancer types. Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most frequently diagnosed type of oral cancer worldwide. The present study aimed to explore the role of lnc
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In the modern digital environment, understanding the concept of online marketing is crucial. With businesses focusing towards online spaces, mastering SEO strategies can dramatically boost your reach. This article seeks to provide guidance on h
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The evaluation and interpretation of the behavior of construction materials under fire conditions have been complicated. Over the last few years, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a reliable method to tackle this engineering problem. This review summarizes existing studies that applied AI to predict the fire performance of different construction materials (e.g., concrete, steel, timber, and composites). Th
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Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio has been correlated with clinical outcomes in many cancers. We investigated whether the delta-NLR (ΔNLR) following radiation therapy (RT) could predict achieving surgical resection and the overall survival (OS) of patients with borderline resectable (BRPC) and locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), and whether the splenic radiation dose impacted ΔNLR.
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BACKGROUND HIV-1 CRF55_01B was first reported in 2013. At present, no report is available regarding this new clade’s polymorphisms in its functionally critical regions protease and reverse transcriptase. OBJECTIVE To identify the diversity difference in protease and reverse transcriptase between CRF55_01B and its parental clades CRF01_AE and subtype B; and to investigate CRF55_01B
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Rationale Fibrates are widely used to regulate hypertriglyceridemia and mixed dyslipidemia alone or perhaps in combo with statins. These drugs have actually uncommon, but severe and potentially vital side effects of rhabdomyolysis and additional acute renal failure (ARF). The aim of this article is to analyze this damaging effect of fibrates and
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Driving through new roads in a new country is an thrilling experience. However, you should be aware of the regulations in order to avoid any issues with your vehicle.
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AIM The purpose of this quasi-experimental one-group repeated measure (pre-test/post-test) study was to determine the effect of an end-of-life (EoL) simulation-based experience (SBE) on active and observer nursing students’ palliative care knowledge and self-awareness. BACKGROUND Baccalaureate nursing (BSN) graduates must demonstrate competence in EoL care; however, gaining EoL experience is challenging given
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Results The morphometric characters in the RAW and AWIDH showed that length of immature proglottid, length of mature proglottid, length of suckers are larger in RAW than AWIDH worms with statistical difference. Characters in E. granulosus of RAW and AWIDH showed that total number of segments, number of mature segments and the total number of testes were greater in RA
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NOX2 has a key role for cellular production of reactive oxidant species (ROS) and although the mechanism of its activation is well known, little is known about its regulation. Metallo-proteinases (MMPs) regulate numerous protein activities both in physiological and pathological conditions but their interplay with NOX2 and ROS formation is still unclear. We performed experimental studies in human platelets and polymorpho
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Taken together, this lends credence to the hyperarousal model of insomnia and may at least partially explain the increased prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality observed in patients with insomnia.Medical care cascade, a population based method for tracking disease progression from diagnosis to cure, is a framework for monitoring gaps between current health service strategy and achievement of hea
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The changes were more marked in the K(-) group compared to the K(+) team. The incidence of cervical kyphosis differed significantly between your groups (P < 0.05), along with between customers with lordosis < 7° and people with lordosis ≥ 7°. K-line negativity and lordosis < 7° may predict kyphosis after laminoplasty in patients with
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NLRP3-associated autoinflammatory disease (NLRP3-AID) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder involving multiple systems. We aim to assess the ocular manifestations of Chinese adult patients with NLRP3-AID. Twelve adult patients (> 18 years old) were diagnosed as NLRP3-AID at the Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All patients underwent ophthalmologic evaluation by an opht
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This, together with its simplicity to use and rapid detection, without the requirement of sophisticated equipment or specialized skills, makes the strip suitable for pond-side detection of NNV in farmed fish.
To evaluate differences in probing depth (PPD) with and without a prosthesis in implants without interproximal bone loss (IBL). Secondarily, to assess whether the difference in PPD measured with and
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In our continuous searching for natural active polysaccharides with immunomodulatory activity, an arabinofuranan (AQP70-3) was isolated and purified from the fruits of Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne. by using ion-exchange chromatography and gel permeation chromatography for the first time. AQP70-3 contained both α-l-Araf and β-l-Araf, and the absolute molecular weight was 1.06 × 104 g/mol. The backbone of AQP70-3 comp
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While we found positive correlations between complement transcripts (C1qA and C3) and microglia or astrocyte markers across diagnostic and inflammatory subgroups, the only unique strong positive correlation was between CD163 and C1qA mRNAs in schizophrenia cases with high inflammation. Our study is the first to suggest that more circulating macrophages may be attracted to the midbrain in schizophrenia, and that i
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Choline/phosphatidylcholine concentrations are tightly regulated in all organs and secretions. During rapid organ growth in the third trimester, choline requirement is particularly high. Adequate choline intake is 17-18 mg/kg/day in term infants, whereas ~50-60 mg/kg/day is required to achieve fetal plasma concentrations in preterm infants. Whereas free choline is supplied via the pla
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In today’s rapidly changing world, the importance of animal preservation cannot be ignored. As species face challenges from climate change, the necessity for collective strategies in protecting our planet’s biological variety has never been more pressing.
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Subsequent proteomic analyses also showed a significant decrease of OspD and Oms28 (BBA74) proteins. To our knowledge this is the first documented intergenic sRNA that alters the infectivity potential of B. burgdorferi.In this study, we proposed a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture for classification of benign and malignant breast cancer (BC) in histological images. To improve the delivery and us
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The poultry industry in Egypt has been suffering from endemic highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, subtype H5N1 since 2006. However, the emergence of H9N2, H5N8, and H5N2 in 2011, 20
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In today’s digitally connected society, cybersecurity is of utmost importance. With the constant data streams and digital interactions, safeguarding confidential data has become a paramount concern. This article explores the importance of cybersecurity and offers insights into its core elements.
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Anti-Jo-1 positivity was found in 8.5% of patients with definite DM. This autoantibody was associated with an antisynthetase syndrome phenotype and might predict clinical outcomes in patients with definite DM.
Anti-Jo-1 positivity was found in 8.5% of patients with definite DM. This autoantibody was associated with an antisynthetase syndrome phenotype and might predict clinical outcomes in patient
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requently AI is practiced. Interventions to address barriers to condom use are needed, as are biomedical interventions that reduce acquisition risk during AI.BACKGROUND Thalassaemia is a chronic disease which requires lifelong treatment in a majority. Despite recent advances in the medical care, minimal attempts are made to improve psychological health in these patients. In this study, we aim to
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Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) of Mo and W in their 1T’ crystalline phase host the quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator phase. We address the electronic properties of the QSH edge states by means of first-principles calculations performed on realistic models of edge terminations of different stoichiometries. The QSH edge states show a tendency to have complex band dispersions and coexist with topo
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An ever-increasing number of disturbances in glycosylation have been described to underlie certain unexplained liver diseases presenting either almost isolated or in a multi-organ context. We aimed to update previous literature screenings which had identified up to 23 forms of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) with associated liver disease. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of PubMed and Google
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Polymeric micellar nanoparticles represent flexible and biocompatible platforms for targeted drug delivery. But, tracking their particular biodistribution, security, and approval profile in vivo is challenging. The goal of this research was to prepare surface-modified micelles with peptide GE11 for targeting the epidermal growth factor rece
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Introduction Ischaemic stroke has been reported in patients with COVID-19, particularly in more severe cases. However, it is unclear to what extent this is linked to systemic inflammation and hypercoagulability secondary to the infection. Methods We describe the cases of 4 patients with ischaemic stroke and COVID-19 who were attended at our hospital. Patients are classified according to the likelihood of a causal rela
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Amatuximab is a promising therapeutic antibody targeting mesothelin, a 40-kDa glycoprotein that is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer. We investigated the effectiveness of early amatuximab treatment, imitating an adjuvant chemotherapy setting, and combination therapy with amatuximab and gemcitabine in liver metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Liver metastasis mouse models were established in 8-week-old male BALB
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We report on the design and performance of in-house built column cartridges that can be directly screwed into the ports of a commercial rotor-stator valve to minimize extra-column band broadening and pressure-drop losses when pursuing ultra-fast separations such as those needed in 2D and 3D-LC separations. Two basic designs were evaluated and were compared with the results obtained with a commercial screw-in column ca
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Over the last decade industrial and academic communities have increased their focus on sentiment analysis techniques, especially applied to tweets. State-of-the-art results have been recently achieved using language models trained from scratch on corpora made up exclusively of tweets, in order to better handle the Twitter jargon. This work aims to introduce a different approach for Twitter sentiment analysis based
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Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in adults and is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease due to glomerulonephritis. Primary MN has a strong male predominance, accounting for approximately 65% of cases; yet, currently associated genetic loci are all located on autosomes. Previous reports of familial MN have suggested the existence of a potential X-linked sus
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Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a very broad diagnosis. Some TBI patients have minimal complaints for a short period of time. Other TBI patients suffer from drastic life-altering, permanent brain damage. One particularly troubling class of TBI patients arises from people who experience one or more concussions in their youth. Later, as adults, the TBI manifests as multiple learning difficulties or e
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His dizziness was improved when Propafenone dose was reduced, and resolved after sotalol replacement, with ECG recovered to nearly normal state of QRS. Propafenone may lead to QRS widening and increase the risk of ventricular tachycardia, and it may not reduce ARVC associated mortality. This report may serve as a precaution for clinicians when providing cares for ARVC patients.Aim Neonates are notably vulnerable, however they hav
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