Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states.
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
302,333 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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052 and P= 0.076, respectively).
It is possible to differentiate between the skill levels of novices and experts according to parameters derived from the PsT1 platform, paving the way for the quantitative assessment of training progress using this system. During the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, neurosurgical simulators that g
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Technical limitations of current platforms and future perspectives in the field will also be addressed. Using PF as liquid biopsy shows promise for use in current practice to facilitate the diagnosis and management of metastatic MPE.Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of viral hepatitis globally. The first human case of autochthonous HEV infection in Croatia was reported in 2012, with the undefined zoono
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n neurons not tuned to the test frequency, underscoring the potential importance of off-frequency channels for perception. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance of envelope processing for hearing in noise, especially under challenging conditions with random variation in background noise level over time.Evidence from animal and human research shows that established memories can undergo cha
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This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between cesarean skin incision length and wound complications.
Planned secondary analysis of a multicenter double-blind randomized trial of adjunctive azithromycin versus placebo (in addition to standard cefazolin) in women ≥24 weeks undergoing cesarean delivery during labor or ≥4 hours after membrane rupture. Skin incisi
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A multiplicatively normalized intuitionistic fuzzy decision matrix is established from the interval-value-based assessments of alternatives and a method is proposed to determine the intuitionistic fuzzy value based comprehensive scores of alternatives. A case study is offered to illustrate how to build a performance evaluation index system of low-carbon tourism scenic spot
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Of the curated origin taxa, >90% have been associated with infection in humans or domestic animals, some taxa being the origin of several different resistance genes. The clinical emergence of these resistance genes appears to be a consequence of antibiotic selection pressure on taxa that are permanently or transiently associated with the human/domestic animal microbiome.In many species, ejaculation i
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7 Wh kg-1 and a power density of 6.25 kW kg-1, obviously superior to some recent reported supercapacitor devices, indicating its potential in practical application. Harvesting broad spectral absorption and visible light photocatalysis of ultrawide bandgap semiconductors are one of most significative topics in the solar energy conversion and utilization fields. In this work, amorphous Cl-Ta2O5-x mic
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The remedy for infected chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers is more complicated particularly in the case of patients with an inefficient immune system. Also, fighting against microbial infections in the wound site by available antibiotics may not be effective because of emerging antibiotic resistance properties among pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Recently, applications of micro- and nanoformulations of biomateri
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It should be acknowledged that this model predicts the number of deaths of all COVID-19 cases, including those who will not be confirmed as COVID-19, because of non-testing or death prior to COVID-19 identification. This serious health issue requires both long-term and short-term planning and arrangements. Social distancing, and identification and isolation of suspected and confirmed cases are believed to be the
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2- to 3.6-fold and an NADPH cofactor improvement by 1.3-fold. The titer of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP), a model product in the newly engineered chassis of M. extorquens AM1, was increased to 91.2 mg/L in shake-flask culture, representing a 3.1-fold increase compared with the control strain with only the serine cycle. The final titer of 3-HP was significantly improved to 0.857 g/L in the fed-batch bioreactor, which was m
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20; 95% CI 1.08, 4.52], decision-making [AOR = 2.5; 95% CI 1.19, 5.29], antenatal care [AOR = 2.19; 95% CI 1.20, 3.99], postnatal care [AOR = 6.4; 95% CI 2.78, 14.94] and facility delivery [AOR = 2.66; 95% CI 1.35, 5.25] were maternal factors. Moreover, child’s age [AOR = 2.84; 95% CI 1.39, 5.83], and child’s sex [AOR = 2.85; 95% CI 1.64, 4.94] were infant factors. Conclusion One-fourth of children practiced minimum d
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Finally, adjunctive procedures such as parotidectomy and neck dissection may be required based on tumor stage. CONCLUSIONS Temporal bone resection is an important technique in the treatment of lateral skull-base malignancies. This strategy should be incorporated into a multi-disciplinary approach to cancer.PURPOSE Immunotherapy, activation of the immune system to target tumor cells, represents a paradig
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Six of the eight studies included in the systematic review showed that greater extension of LA scarring is associated with less AF recurrence after CA. Meta-analysis showed that greater extension of LA scarring is associated with less AF recurrence (SMD = 0.52; 95% CI 0.27 – 0.76; p less then 0.0001). CONCLUSION Greater extension of LA scarring is possibly associated with less AF recurrence after CA. Randomized studies
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