Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
303,556 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Bulk fertilizer application is one of the easiest means of improving yield of crops however it comes with several environmental impediments and consumer health menace. In the wake of this situation, sustainable agricultural practices stand as pertinent agronomic tool to increase yield and ensure sufficient food supply from farm to fork. In the present study, efficacy of iron-pulsing in improving the rice yiel
HowardCastaneda2004
Belnacasan
To study the clinical features of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children with neurogenic bladder (NB), and to provide a reference for its early diagnosis and treatment.
Clinical data were collected from 26 children with NB and urinary tract infection who were admitted to the Department of Pediatric Nephrology from January 2014 to December 2019. According to the presence or absence
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fxr-agonists
However, pairing with a suitable adjuvant is imperative to be able to elicit efficient humoral and cellular resistant responses. In this research, we aimed to ascertain an optimal adjuvant pairing because of the prefusion form of influenza haemagglutinin (HA) or breathing syncytial virus (RSV) fusion (F) subunit vaccines in BALB/c mice in order to inform future subu
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Neutrophils are short-lived cells of the innate immune system and the first line of defense at the site of an infection and tissue injury. Pattern recognition receptors on neutrophils recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns or danger-associated molecular patterns, which recruit them to the destined site. Neutrophils are professional phagocytes with efficient granular constituents that aid in the
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BojesenPritchard1955
ARS-1620 in vivo
Our methodology should be replicated to confirm or refute the validity of our findings.BACKGROUND There is an important need for the development of fast and robust methods to quantify the diversity and temporal dynamics of microbial communities in complex environmental samples. Because tandem mass spectrometry allows rapid inspection of protein content, metaproteomics is increasingly used for the phenotypic analys
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The re-emerging outbreak of COVID-19 in Beijing, China, in the summer of 2020 originated from a SARS-CoV-2-infested wholesale food supermarket. We postulated that the Xinfadi market outbreak has links with food-trade activities. Our Susceptible to the disease, Infectious, and Recovered coupled Agent Based Modelling (SIR-ABM) analysis for studying the diffusion of SARS-CoV-2 particles suggested that the trade-distancing s
SuttonMcCaffrey5657
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These underestimates have implications for studies examining metabolic performance and responses to climate change scenarios. To prevent underestimates, future experiments measuring metabolic rates should include a pilot with a no-chase control or, when appropriate, an adjusted methodology in which trials end with the exhaustive chase instead of beginning with it.Young children’s social-emotiona
WashingtonRitter4819
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Conjunctivitis is a commonly encountered condition in ophthalmology clinics throughout the world. In the management of suspected cases of conjunctivitis, alarming signs for more serious intraocular conditions, such as severe pain, decreased vision, and painful pupillary reaction, must be considered. Additionally, a thorough medical and ophthalmic history should be obtained and a thorough physical examination s
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Asia stands at a crossroads in the economic journey, grappling with the dual imperatives of fostering growth while guaranteeing stability. As the particular world’s third-largest economic system, Japan faces unique challenges that possess developed over decades, including an aging population, fluctuating pumpiing rates, and substantial public debt. Using these factors at play, the Japanese people economy seeks to strike a deli
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While kidney transplantation improves the long-term survival of the majority of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), age-related immune dysfunction and associated comorbidities make older transplant recipients more susceptible to complications related to immunosuppression. In this review, we discuss appropriate management of immunosuppressive agents in older adults to minimize adverse events, avoid acute
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1-17.2% heterozygosity with normal red blood cell (RBC) parameters. The α haplotype [+ – S + – + -] [S signifies the inter ζ hypervariable region (HVR)] was associated with the Thai Hb Shenyang. The genotype-phenotype relationship indicates Hb Shenyang is likely a non pathological Hb variant that has neither dramatic clinical symptoms nor hematological anomalies. A simple multiplex allele-specific PCR
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Cytokinins are a class of phytohormone that participate in the regulation of the plant growth, development, and stress response. In this review, the potential regulating mechanism during plant growth and stress response are discussed. Cytokinins are a class of phytohormone that participate in the regulation of plant growth, physiological activities, and yield. Cytokinins also play a key role
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This study investigated the feasibility of a 3D black-blood STIR TSE sequence with a pseudo steady-state sweep and motion-sensitized driven equilibrium pulse for extraforaminal cranial nerve imaging on a 3T system. Assessments of healthy volunteers showed near-perfect agreement in nerve visualization with excellent to good visualization of the extraforaminal trigeminal, greater occipital, and facial nerves. Sup
BlanchardDecker9002
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Individuals from the DOC population had higher frequencies of fentanyl, heroin, cocaine, and cannabinoid/THC; however, these differences were not statistically significant. Prisoners with substance risk assessment scores of high or very high had fewer days from release to overdose death. Conclusion Fentanyl remains a major contributor to overdose death, including those recently incarcerated. S
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To study the clinical features of very preterm small-for-gestational-age infants born by cesarean section due to severe preeclampsia.
Forty-two small-for-gestational-age infants who were admitted from August 2017 to July 2018 and were born due to severe preeclampsia were enrolled as the observation group. Forty very preterm infants who were born to healthy mothers since uterine contract
LohseHart7236
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Subsequent secondary or tertiary analysis and/or additional testing resulted in five more diagnoses. TATs ranged from 1 day (QF-PCR) to a median of 14 for NGS and SNP-array testing, with increasing TAT in particular when many consecutive tests were performed. Incidental findings were detected in 5/140 tested patients (3.6%). Conclusion We recommend implementing a broad NGS gene panel in combination with CNV calling as the first ti
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Low-calorie sweetened beverages (LCSBs) are commonly used as a lower-calorie option to sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) by people who have type 2 diabetes. Nevertheless, little is famous on how intake of LCSBs is linked to nutritional intake and cardiometabolic wellness, especially among youth. To test the theory that
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Conversely, if the laser treatment is performed under a compressed air flow, or a N2 flow, the optical properties of black diamond films are not comparable to those of their UHV-fabricated counterparts.Psychedelic and stimulating phenethylamines belong to the family of new psychoactive substances (NPS). The acute toxicity framework has begun to be investigated, while studies showing genotoxic potential are very limited or
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The fluorescence method was useful for assessing the arterial divergence pattern in a patient with a special anatomical feature. However, the ICG fluorescence method had some problems, including visualizing blood flow for only a short time and poorly transmitting the dye through thick fat.In general, gastrojejunal bypass is performed for unresectable gastric cancers with stenosis. It enables patients to ta
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Health-related quality of life measurements was obtained from an SF-36 questionnaire. RESULTS Patients with advanced Child-Pugh classifications were found to have significantly lower health-related quality of life values (p less then 0.05). Likewise, health-related quality of life values were observed to be significantly lower in patients with autonomic dysfunction (p less then 0.05). No
SimpsonMay3406
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Our study indicated that combined use of the %FRC parameter with the default algorithm of the Sysmex XN-3000 automated hematology analyzer can improve the low specificity of the default algorithm in rapid screening for schistocytes.
Moraxella osloensis rarely causes infection in humans, and most of the reported cases are not fatal. It is often difficult to identify M. osloensi
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In Kenya, the common risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and COVID-19 comprising Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, Cigarette Smoking, Respiratory Tract Infections, Pulmonary Thromboembolism, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Renal disease are not uncommon and continue to increase. In essence, the prevalence of the common risk factors/comorbidities, between COVID-19 and CVD occur
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A wood-burning stove can create a warm and cozy atmosphere in any room. New regulations have replaced the old fireplaces that emit smoke.
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The recent depreciation in the yen has started significant discussions economic circles, highlighting the dual impact on Japan’s economy. About one hand, a weaker yen improves the competitiveness of Japanese exports, allowing companies to sell products at more eye-catching prices in foreign markets. This often leads to enhanced export growth, that is particularly essential regarding an economy of which relies heavily on gl
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532). Glycerol concentration increased post-exercise in all trials, independent of treatments (pre = (3.4-5.1) ± (0.6-2.6) mg/dL vs. post = (7.9-9.8) ± (2.6-3.7) mg/dL, p = 0.867, η
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Laduviglusib
This work provides a new approach for the development of high-efficient photoanode materials for the photocathodic protection of metals.
Sterile filtration can be a particular challenge when processing very large glycoconjugate vaccines. The objective of this study was to examine the sterile filtration performance of a series of glycoconjugate vaccines produced by coupling different p
BlumHansson2067
FF-10101 in vitro
However, studies had low levels of evidence and reliability due to methodological limitations. Conclusion In summary, the results showed a greater volume and intensity of workouts accentuate the responses, that are of paramount importance for improving understanding of the effects of CrossFit® training and serve as a basis for prescribing future exercise protocols.Oxidative stress is known to contribute to the pr
HudsonCramer3088
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In addition, an increase in the amount of the protein fraction located between bands 5 and 6 in the MCC profiles of erythrocytes incubated with CPA and diamide was revealed. Despite the similarity of the reaction of erythrocyte proteins to different CPAs, the properties of cells depending on MCC, may differ due to modifications in the macromolecule structures, which are not associated with changes in the localization of the -SH-groups of pr
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The monopolar spindle 1 ((hMps1/TTK) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays an important role in spindle assembly checkpoint signaling. To explore the possible relationship between TTK inhibition and radiosensitivity, we examined whether TTK inhibition influences cellular susceptibility of radiation. And we further revealed its mechanisms. We found that the expression of TTK was obviously higher in liver cancer tissues
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Finally, we found circ_0001806 exerted its effects by sponging miRNA-126 in T cells. Taken together, our results reveal the role of circRNA-1806/miRNA-126 in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis in cryptococcal infection and can provide a new insights of the pathogenesis of cryptococcal infection.The symbiosis system comprising eukaryotic hosts, intracellular bacterium Wolbachia, and temperate bacteriophages WO is widely
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At the protein level, both D1 removal and replacement, as well as PS II biogenesis, were accelerated in the ∆PsbT strain. Our results demonstrate that PsbT plays a key role in optimizing the electron acceptor complex of the acceptor side of PS II and support the view that repair and biogenesis of PS II share an assembly pathway that incorporates both de novo synthesis and recycling of the assembly modules
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Linsitinib
This study sought to identify acute changes in human atrial electrophysiology during alcohol exposure.
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With the existing experimental results, the model performance was evaluated indirectly. The change of sensory gain affects motor output inversely, while the change of motor gain did not change or minimally affects the motor output.Clinical Relevance- The presented computational internal model will provide a simple and easy tool for clinicians to design therapeutic intervention using sensorimotor augmentation.There is a gro
SearsFink9991
MG-101 in vivo
OBJECTIVES Influenza remains a crucial transmissible disease from community. We aim to identify risk factors associated with mortality among hospitalized patients with severe influenza. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed medical records of adult patients with laboratory-confirmed severe influenza at a medical center between January 2016 and December 2018. The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality. RESU
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