Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
309,105 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Furthermore, CPA elevated lung myeloperoxidase activity, DNA content and hydroxyproline level and bladder blood content. AE ameliorated CPA-induced derangements through suppression of CYP2B6 and myeloperoxidase and augmentation of glutathione-S-transferase activity in CPA-treated rats.
AE modulation of CPA metabolizing enzymes and potential anti-inflammatory effect may mitigate CPA-induc
SnyderButcher5864
Pamapimod
No differences were observed in IPSS (P=.60) or SHIM scores drop (P=.06) between groups. PSA drop seemed more pronounced in the TRUS only biopsy group compared to the 3DMB, but again without statistical significance (P=.06). Recurrence rate and BCF were lower in the 3DMB group (P <.01). There was a higher rate of short-term complications detected in the TRUS only group (P=.02).
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KudskCarrillo6036
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Overall, our data indicates that chronic exposure to dietary AGEs lead to a significant unbalance in incretins axis, markers of metabolic inflammation, and a reshape of both the intestinal microbiota and plasma protein glycosylation profile, suggesting intriguing pathological mechanisms underlying AGEs-induced metabolic derangements.A novel halogen-free flame retardant containing sul
WeinsteinCalhoun1093
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A steep learning curve was encountered in providing therapy treatment for patients managed with this relatively new synthetic dermal substitute. Trends indicated that as experience with this new dermal substitute grew, patients progressed toward active therapy earlier. A guideline for therapy treatment has been developed but will continue to be evaluated and adjusted when r
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9%) patients underwent surgery, and 6/10 (60.0%) received postoperative adjuvant therapy. Only 23.1% of patients received nonsurgical therapy. The MDT discussed and managed seven patients before and/or after surgery and one patient who did not undergo surgery. The estimated 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 50.0% and 30.0%, respectively. Patients who were managed by an MDT had a longer median OS time t
MelendezCallahan8755
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Women need to feel supported and valued to deal with their childbirth experiences. Incorporating the professional support of experienced midwives in an enabling environment and providing access to a sufficiently equipped health care facility may improve the mental and physical state of women who give birth in Uganda and help them return to optimal functioning.
To explore the decision-making process
PeterssonMarker4605
高齢化社会の影響
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BerntsenFreedman2852
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This research aimed to study the application of deep learning to the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Definite criteria or direct markers for diagnosing RA are lacking. Rheumatologists diagnose RA according to an integrated assessment based on scientific evidence and clinical experience. Our novel idea was to convert various clinical information from patients into simple two-dimensional images and then use th
EriksenNicolajsen5978
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that in addition to evaluating the range of motion of knee joint, multiple factors should be considered to assess disability.
Objective To study the influence of halogenated hydroxyl-alkanes inhalation anesthetic on the determination of ethanol content in blood. Methods Halogenated hydroxyl-alkanes were analyzed by headspace gas chromatography with double column confirmatory detection method. The
WinkelChristiansen0185
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To report the 10 – year rate of vitrectomies and the associated factors in people with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) from a multicentric cohort of people with diabetes mellitus.
Ten centres in India with established vitreoretinal services for over 10 years were invite
HjortTaylor4205
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To demonstrate some of the capabilities of INFRA-ICE, we present selected results on the ultraviolet photochemistry of undecane (C11H24) at 14 K. Aliphatics are part of the carbonaceous cosmic dust, and recently, aliphatics and short n-alkanes have been detected in situ in the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.We show theoretically and experimentally that accurate transport measurements are possible even within the s
ConleyCasey4152
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The Sami consider the effects of burning in terms of fodder availability, opportunities for reindeer to graze the fodder, and any impact on the reindeer’s movement patterns and thus herd management. The Sami’s historical perspective is essential in order to reconstruct a comprehensive picture of the past, and adapt forestry measures effectively in the future.
A significant shift in meal pattern with
WarnerLund5107
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In patient education, there is a need for valid and reliable instruments to assess and tailor empowering educational activities. In this study, we summarize the process of producing two parallel instruments for analyzing hospital patients’ expectations (Expected Knowledge of Hospital Patients, EKhp) and received knowledge (Received Knowledge of Hospital Patients, RKhp) and
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82 ± 0.49 vs. 6.59 ± 0.48 g/dL, P = 0.006; 3.93 ± 0.28 vs. 3.73 ± 0.29 g/dL, P less then 0.001). In patients switched to OL-HDF, levels of hemoglobin and serum albumin significantly increased (10.46 ± 1.03 vs. 11.08 ± 0.82 g/dL, P = 0.001; 3.73 ± 0.29 vs. 3.87 ± 0.30 g/dL, P = 0.001). The normalized protein catabolic rate decreased after 24 months, but the change was not significant (1.07 ± 0.25 vs. 1.03 ± 0.21 g/kg/
WatkinsRivers1829
modern wood stove
Wood Burner Fireplace Ideas For Your Home
A fireplace that burns wood is a great alternative to traditional chimneys made of masonry. Modern stoves are EPA-certified and produce far fewer harmful emissions than traditional fireplaces.
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the literature. Advances in OCT have revealed that MMHs and FRSs are distinct but sometimes overlapping entities. We suggest that MMH and FRS are similar entities defined as one or more sharply defined lesions in the fovea of the eye less then 150 μm in size. MMHs are a full-thickness defect of the entire neuroretina at the center of the foveola while FRSs are partial-thickness lesions. Current literature
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Many people are looking for ways to be healthier these days and if you’re one of them, consider learning more about the art of massage! Getting a massage is very beneficial to your entire well-being and learning to give one means you can make someone you care about feel better! Keep reading to discover more.
You should try different techniques when giving a massage. Use your
TermansenHuynh0685
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Are you interested in getting a massage? Do you know what you should look for when getting one? Many people don’t think they deserve to be pampered. Read this article to learn about the different types of massage and how to find the right
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経済への影響
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Adopting a meat-free diet plan can have numerous benefits for both your health and the environment. Whether you’re a long-time vegetarian or even just beginning on your journey, creating the ideal nutrition strategy is crucial to ensure you get all the necessary minerals.
Understanding Nutritional Requirement
McClellanEllegaard4262
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Work on curved tracks, e.g. on circles, is commonplace within all forms of horse training. Horse movements in circles are naturally asymmetric, including the load distribution between inner and outer limbs. Within equestrian dressage the horse is expected to bend the back laterally to follow the circle, but this has never been studied scientifically. In the current study 12 horses were measured (optical mo
RamosWagner3115
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Customizing Confined Space Containers
A utility tunnel or a septic tank, or an extensive underground excavation are examples of spaces that are confined. Often times they are enclosed, have restricted access and could be hazardous to get into.
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BuggeSavage7116
Cocaine manufacturing has climbed in recent years after plunging through the 1990s, when Pablo Escobar was slain and the medication cartels disbanded. Republic of colombia has been the world’s top producer, providing half of all crack in the usa. It finances left-wing guerrillas and even criminal gangs, fueling Colombia’s internal armed conflict for six decades that ha
RamirezVognsen7209
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Objective Recent development is reviewed in biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation in risk stratification of bladder cancer (BC). Methods PubMed, Wiley Online Library, and Science Direct databases were reviewed in November 2019 for relevant studies limited to those published in English from 2008 to 2019. Articles were included if they contained references to BC, urological cancers, inflammation, immune ac
VindingMouridsen6741
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1% versus 7.9%, p = 8.629e-09). Among 26 candidate genes, the prevalence rate of PDVs in five genes showed a statistically significant difference between patients and controls (33 out of 235 versus 1 out of 241, p = 4.533e-10), including ATXN2 (p = 0.0033), TXNRD2 (p = 0.0190), MYOC (p = 0.0140), FOXC1 (p = 0.0140), and CDKN2B (p = 0.0287). Furthermore, two sisters harboring a stop-loss muta
StuartGraves7963
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COVID-19 has focussed public attention on the management of communicable disease like never before. Surveillance, contact tracing, and case management are recognised as key components of outbreak prevention. Development of guidance for COVID-19 has drawn from existing management of other communicable diseases, including Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD). IMD is a rare but sever
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27; 95% CI 1.05-1.55; I
= 60.9%) and being married (OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.05-1.83; I
= 76.96%) were found to be significantly associated with EBF. We also observed an inverse dose-response relationship of EBF with educational status and income. However, EBF was not significantly associated with parity, media exposure, and paternal educational status.
DriscollTaylor1435
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Contents of fructose and glucose decreased in media with XCJ inoculated with L. acidophilus LA-05, L. casei L-26 or L. paracasei L-10 during the 48 h-cultivation, in parallel with an increase in contents of acetic and lactic acids. Measured effects of XCJ on probiotics were overall similar to those exerted by fructoligosaccharides (20 g/L), a proven prebiotic ingredient. These results showed that XCJ could exert selective
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Recent evidence suggests that increased dopaminergic signaling within the dorsal striatum played a central role in the evolution of the human brain. This increase has been linked to human prosociality and language in what has been described as a dopamine-dominated striatum personality style. Increased striatal dopamine is associated with an increase in ventral striatal activity and
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The characteristics of physician communication with patients at the end of life (EOL) in East Asia have not been well studied. We investigated physicians’ communications with imminently dying patients with cancer and their families in palliative care units (PCUs) in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan.
This observational study included patients with cancer newly admitted and deceased
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StorgaardChang4085
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Complementary analyses by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry confirmed the detection of AMHRII on a panel of ovarian and colorectal cancers displaying comparable expression levels with mean values of 39,000 and 50,000 AMHRII receptors per cell, respectively. Overall, our results suggest that this embryonic receptor could be a suitable target for treating AMHRII-expressing tumors with an anti-AMHRII selective a
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The Perme Score has an MDC of 1.36 points and shows evidence of being sensitive to change. Therefore, the findings validate the responsiveness of the instrument.
The Perme Score has an MDC of 1.36 points and shows evidence of being sensitive to change. Therefore, the findings validate the responsiveness of the instrument.
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Shed Wood Burner – Safety Considerations
Installing a stove in a shed, a log cabin or an off grid home is a great idea. But, there are many things to consider before you do this.
It’s important to make sure your cabin or shed is properly insulated to minimize heat loss and save on fuel co
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Experiments with animal models of epilepsy have consistently shown that focal cooling of epilepsy-induced brain region reversibly suppresses or terminates epileptic discharge activity. Recently, we formulated a physiologically plausible temperature dependence in a neural mass model that can reproduce the effect of focal cooling on epileptic discharge activity. This can be used to implement a t
MosleyHumphrey5718
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is often recommended for major depressive disorder (MDD) for those who do not respond to the first and second antidepressant trials. A combination of two therapies could improve antidepressant efficacy. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of ECT combined to antidepressants with a different mechanism of action.
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Liquid-crystalline phase separation by nucleation and growth (NG) is a crucial step in the formation of collagen-based biomaterials. However, the fundamental mechanisms are not completely understood for chiral lyotropic colloidal mesogens such as collagen.
To capture the dynamics of NG u
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Microplastics have been found in all compartments of the environment, and numerous life forms are known to take up the anthropogenic particles. Marine filter feeders are particularly susceptible to ingest suspended microplastics, but long-term studies on the potential effects of this uptake are scarce. We exposed juvenile Mytilus spp. to environmentally realistic doses of irregularly shaped polyvinylchloride (P
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Nab-Paclitaxel
considering the 0.5 mm margin on either side. In the present study, 28% of pedicles were found to be inappropriately sized ( less then 4.5 mm) to accommodate the standard 3.5 mm screw. The mean maximum diameter of a potential pedicle screw in our study was 5.09 mm; and in 72% of patients a 4 mm screw could be placed with confidence. Though our patients on an average can accommodate a 4 mm screw comfor
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Here we report the realization of optical chiral induction and the observation of a gyrotropically ordered phase in the transition-metal dichalcogenide semimetal 1T-TiSe2. We show that shining mid-infrared circularly polarized light on 1T-TiSe2 while cooling it below the critical temperature leads to the preferential formation of one chiral domain. The chirality of this state is confirmed by the measurement
FlanaganMoses3131
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Furthermore, statistically significant relationships were identified between workplace bullying and coping strategies (r = .53 p < .01) and intent to leave (r = .58 p < .01) among nurse educators.
Workplace bullying among nurse educators is a serious problem impacting the profession. Heightened awareness and diverse initiatives targeting workplace bullying can positively
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Untreated ADHD in Adults – Why It’s Time to Take the Test
The decision to leave ADHD untreated can have serious consequences for relationships, work performance and even personal security. It can also contribute to issues with finances, housing, and health care.
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21 ± 0.21 at GA 10-14 weeks (n = 260), 0.14 ± 0.23 at GA ≥15 (n = 102) and 0.12 ± 0.12 at GA less then 10 (n = 63); P less then 0.001. Conclusion The lower number of SCT were identified from samples of women with a high BMI. Cell recovery for SCT testing seems optimal at GA 10-14 weeks, but earlier and later testing are still possible. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Obje
JiangCrawford8511
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The AEON™ Endostapler demonstrated a lower mean (± standard error) “bleeding score” versus the Echelon Flex™ (2.1 ± 0.1 vs. 2.6 ± 0.1; p = 0.01). The AEON™ Endostapler had 15 cases (50%) with no bleeding at the fundus; the Echelon Flex™ had 7 cases (23%) with no bleeding at the fundus. The AEON™ Endostapler had 0 cases (0%) with profuse bleeding; the Echelon Flex™ had 2 cases (7%) with profuse bleeding
SilvermanEverett3952
TAK-715
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This study demonstrates that a combination of AI-derived image processing and machine learning algorithms can be developed to enable real-time ultrasonic detection, segmentation, classification, and display of critical anatomic structures, including neural tissue, during spine surgery. AI-enhanced ultrasound imaging can provide a visual map of important anatomy
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An increase of relative values of monocytes was also confirmed in the treated group. Sambar deer was the only species affected by D. hominis, even though several other wild herbivores were kept in the same area. More studies are needed to elucidate the susceptibility of R. unicolor to D. hominis cutaneous infestations.The number of reports of tick parasitism in amphibians and reptiles has increased over the past f
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