Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
352,627 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Data registries are organized systems that facilitate collection, storage, and analysis of data related to a specific disease in a defined population. Here we introduce a data registry system which was designed to cover the four most common urologic cancers (prostate, bladder, renal and testis).
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Moreover, when coexisting with t(11;14), patients with 1q21 gain showed a comparable survival to those without 1q21 gain. For patients treated with novel induction regimens followed by ASCT, 1q21 gain also conferred an inferior prognosis. Multivariate analysis further confirmed 1q21 gain could independently predict shorter PFS and OS.
In conclusion, 1q21 gain is an adverse progno
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Although advance care planning may be beneficial for older adults in the last year of life, its relevance following an emergency hospitalisation requires further investigation. This study quantifies the one-year mortality outcomes of all emergency admissions for patients aged 70+ years and explores patient views on the value of advance care p
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tabaci. However, the application of 2-DDG counteracted the negative effects of O3 exposure on B. tabaci in ABA-treated AC plants. Collectively, this study revealed that callose deposition, which relied on the ABA signaling pathway, was an effective O3-induced priming defense of tomato plants against B. tabaci infestation. Copyright © 2020 Guo, Sun, Yan, Li and Ge.Herbaceous perennial species are rece
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Effect estimates derived from administrative units were smaller than those derived from tailored empirically derived buffer measures. Substantively, a 10% increase in the percentage of fast food restaurants using a “classic” network buffer was associated with a 6.3 (SE=1.17) point higher DIS (P< .001). The relationship between the percentage of supermarkets and DIS, however, was null. We observed high correla
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Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anthracycline antibiotic drug which is commonly used in a broad range cancer therapy. However, due to dose depending side effects and toxicity to non-cancerous tissues, its clinical applications are restricted. To overcome these limitations, human serum albumin (HSA) has been investigated as a biocompatible drug delivery vehicle. In this study, human serum albumin submicron par
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faecalis were significantly downregulated by GH12 at sub-MIC levels (P less then 0.05). Additionally, both E. faecalis biofilm formation and the biomass of 1-day-old E. faecalis biofilms were significantly reduced by GH12 (P less then 0.05). Elimination of E. faecalis in biofilms from root canal walls was achieved through irrigation with 64.0 mg/L GH12 for 30 min. CLSM analysis revealed that GH12 at 64.0 mg/L was
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In the last decade, research has reported that items at the beginning of a memorized sequence are responded to faster with the left hand, whereas items at the end are responded to faster with the right hand. This Spatial-Positional Associations of Response Codes effect has been extensively studied using behavioral methods. However, the neural networks underlying it remain unclear. We found using functional magnetic reso
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The development of practical C-H/C-H coupling reactions remains a challenging yet appealing synthetic venture because it circumvents the need to prefunctionalize both coupling partners for the generation of C-C bonds. Herein we report a cyclative C(sp3)-H/C(sp2)-H coupling reaction of free aliphatic acids enabled by a cyclopentane-based mono-N-protected β-amino acid ligand. This reaction uses inexpensive sodium percar
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oing efforts to prevent dementia.BACKGROUND Aortic stenosis (AS) is a common cardiac condition whose prevalence increases with age. The symptom burden associated with severe aortic stenosis (AS) can introduce significant lifestyle disruptions and if left untreated can lead to a poor prognosis. Quality of life (QoL) is an important consideration in these patients. The TASQ is a QoL t
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lncRNAs actively regulate gene expression. They contribute to chromosomal interactions at close or distant genomic regions, which, in turn, regulate transcription [1]. Ariel et al [2] reveal in a recent study a new molecular mechanism of the Arabidopsis lncRNA APOLO. The authors extend previously reported functions of APOLO in cis-regulation of chromosomal looping and t
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18 mg/mg, respectively at pH 10 and 298 K. The experimental data were well fitted to pseudo-second order model. Furthermore, desorption studies revealed that the adsorbed TBO can be completely eluted by using 50% ethanol or 50% glycerol in 1 M NaCl solution. Additionally, the reuse of P-COOH-CEW membrane reported to have 97.32% of removal efficiency after five consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles.The removal of
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The purpose of this literature review is to understand how these substances work, to identify with which of the currently most widespread the best results have been obtained and then to provide useful information to guide the clinician in choosing the most suitable one for the patient.Facial aging involves all facial structures located at different levels bones soft tissues and skin with a reduction of the extr
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The frequently occurring chromosomal aberrations observed were vagrant, bridged, attached and sticky chromosomes while C-mitosis and binuclear chromosomes were not observed. Therefore cytotoxic effect was significant at 100mg/100ml. The phytochemical screening of methanol extracts/fractions of T. bangwensis and M. oleifera leaves revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins and tannin
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1% male) tested positive for COVID-19 from January 1 to November 22, 2020. Among them, 22.3% of the patients required hospitalization and 99,964 patients (9.8%) died. The most important risk factors to predict the probability of hospitalization and mortality were pneumonia, age, chronic kidney failure, chronic obstructive respiratory disease, and diabetes. The performance measures demonstrated good d
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The advent of the genomic age has created a rapid increase in complexity for the development and selection of drug treatments. A key component of precision medicine is the use of genetic information to improve therapeutic effectiveness of drugs and prevent potential adverse drug reactions. Pharmacoepidemiology, as a field, uses observational methods to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of drug treatments in populat
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Background Hematoma is the chief culprit in brain injury following intracranial cerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Noninvasive hematoma clearance could be an option to prevent and alleviate early brain injury after ICH. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) facilitate removal of hematoma in ICH. Monascin acts as the natural Nrf2 activator with PPAR-γ agonist,
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Activities of these enzymes were above reference range top in 7 dogs (ALT) and 4 dogs (AST). Haematological paramaters and activity of phagocytes as well as on percentage of lymphocyte subsets CD4+, CD8+, CD4+CD8+ and CD21+ were not changed during the experiment. The important point of these results is their onset mostly in the post-supplementation period. The observation of some unexpected effects emphasizes the ne
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This lab was adapted to offer a platform on which an Instructor can design steps for students to explore the DNA nucleotide binding module during a time in which social distance curricula is necessary.
In this study we aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of two personalized rescue therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection.
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Both time in therapeutic range (TTR) for anticoagulation and depression are associated with dementia risk. The purposes of this study were to examine the impact of depression on TTR and to describe the partitioned contribution of depression and TTR on long-term dementia risk. We studied 14,953 patients anticoagulated with warfarin (target INR 2-3) for atrial fibrillation (AF), venous thromboembol
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cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been reported to be associated with onset/exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In an attempt to verify this, we studied CMV infection in SLE patients.
forty-two SLE patients were studied at 3-time points; disease onset/flare, at peak of immunosuppression (at 6 weeks) and at low doses of immunosuppression (at 6
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20ft Shipping Containers Are Built For Durability
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The objectives of the present study were to determine the validity of transabdominal duplex ultrasound (TAUS) against the reference standard of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) examinations for the detection of iliac vein obstruction (IVO).
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With this foundation, extension to other organisms will be made where warranted.The current study was aimed to evaluate the protective and curative effect of aqueous extract of edible desert truffle specie (Terfezia boudieri) against rat’s liver and kidney injuries induced by paracetamol (PCM). Terfezia boudieri was genetically identified by PCR and then sequencing (Genbank NCBI LT718236.1). Terfezia boudieri aqueous ex
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No relapse of IBD has been observed during chemotherapy. The IBD relapse rate at the end of the last chemotherapy cycle was 23% at 3 years (95% CI 11%-39%) in the overall population. CONCLUSION In this large cohort, the prognosis for lymphomas occurring in IBD appears to be good and similar to what is expected, irrespective of the exposure to biologics and/or immunosuppressants. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford
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The yeast Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 is a unique, non-bacterial microorganism classified as a probiotic agent. In this review article, at first, we briefly summarized the mechanisms responsible for its probiotic properties, e.g. adhesion to and elimination of enteropathogenic microorganisms and their toxins; extracellular cleavage of pathogens’ virulent factors; trophic and anti-inflammat
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The guideline-based decision support system (GL-DSS) of the DESIREE project and OncoDoc are two clinical decision support systems applied to the management of breast cancer. In order to evaluate the DESIREE GL-DSS, we decided to reuse a sample of clinical cases previously resolved by the multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB) of the Tenon Hospital (Paris, France) when using OncoDoc. Since we had two different knowledge
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Extensive T cell apoptosis was particularly evident with severe disease and T cell lymphopenia, which in turn was accompanied by impaired T cell responses to several common viral antigens. Patients with severe disease showed elevated interleukin-7 and increased T cell proliferation. Furthermore, patients sampled at late time points after symptom onset had higher T cell counts and improved antiviral
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