Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
389,559 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Results Of 930 patients with meningitis, 626 were included in the analysis, and 27 (4.3%) were diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. A total of 384/626 (61.3%) patients had a BMS = 0, and none presented bacterial meningitis. BMS sensitivity was 100% [95% confidence interval (CI), 87.2-100%], and its negative predictive values were 100% (95% CI, 98.8-100%). Conclusion Among patients with a diagnosis of meningitis
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The issue of race within the context of psychological assessment is important, but often overlooked. Many self-report measures of psychopathology have been developed and validated using primarily White samples. Research regarding the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and race has produced mixed results, which in turn may present challenges when comparing scores across racial groups. The current article so
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ARRY-162
The 2018 coding method restricts application of the checkbox information to decedents 10-44 years – the information is, therefore, not applied to those >45 years when no pregnancy-related cause of death information is indicated on the death certificate; deaths with a pregnancy or obstetric condition reported in the cause of death section of the death certificate continue to be coded as maternal deaths regardless of age.
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Besides the common toolkit, the two genera showed significantly distinct catalogues of conotoxin precursors in terms of type of superfamilies present and the abundance of members per superfamily, but had similar relative expression levels indicating functional convergence. Differential expression comparisons between vermivorous and piscivorous cones highlighted the importance of the A and S superfamilies for fis
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Bee reservoirs can be effective in agricultural and habitat restoration projects, but the relative attractiveness of plants is not fully understood. To improve plant selection with better knowledge of spatial, temporal, and competition aspects, we tested up to 90 plant subjects from 2012 to 2015 at four sites in Maine. We recognized Apis mellifera L., Bombus ternarius Say, 1837, ‘Most Bombus
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005). The benefit of LMWH increased with early prophylactic therapy especially when started while the D-dimer levels were ≤0.5 mg/L.
Our results strongly suggest that proactive LMWH therapy improves clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients even with normal D-dimer levels (≤ 0.5 mg/L) (Tab. 3, Fig. 2, Ref. 34).
Our resu
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BACKGROUND AND AIM Male sex is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with a doubled risk of HCC in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We examined the relationship between serum total testosterone and HCC risk in male CHB patients with DM. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of male CHB patients with DM between 2000 and 2017 using a territory-wide
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Bcl-2 and Mcl-1, the two arms of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, have been identified as key regulators of apoptosis and effective therapeutic targets of cancer. However, no small-molecular probe is capable of profiling and visualizing both Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 simultaneously in situ. Herein, we report a multifunctional molecular probe (BnN3 -OPD-Alk) by a “three-in-one” molecular designing strategy,
McMillanHyllested2125
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This literature review aims to give an overview of the current status of the standard techniques and emerging cutting-edge technologies in the sentinel lymph node biopsy.
Sleep is a key factor for health-related quality of life since sleep disturbances are a significant and common problem for patients with various human diseases such as psychiatric disorders. While single nucleotide pol
JimenezTanner9128
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Holding endoscopes by hand when performing eye surgery reduces the dexterity of the surgeon.
A robotic endoscope holder called “Eye Explorer” is proposed to hold the endoscope and free the surgeon’s hand.
This device satisfies the engineering and clinical requirements of eye surgery. The force for manual operation is less than 0.5 N. The obs
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the perception exists among students that not all clinical assessments in undergraduate medical programmes are of high quality. ‘Student voice’ is a term used to describe how students feel about and experience their education in a safe and controlled environment. This study aimed to investigate the opinions and experiences of medical students at the University of the Free State on the quality of assessment in the clin
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This modeling approach allowed a detailed quantification of the fluid flow velocities around osteocytes in a relatively large volume of bone tissue. The analysis demonstrated that interstitial fluid velocity at the vascular pore surfaces was significantly lower in BTX compared to CTRL because of the decreased vascular canal separation. No significant differences in average fluid velocity were observed at the osteocyte lacunae
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Background Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a method that does not depend on the cooperation of the patient and can detect small airway diseases with higher sensitivity than spirometry. However, the clinical application value of IOS in the screening of patients exposed to risk factors COPD and early diagnosis remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate diagnostic sensitivity of IOS in the early detection
WoodardNorwood2381
Iclepertin in vivo
It was noted that 76 (56.7%) of the cases had cognitive impairment (MMSE score <24) with majority 44 (32.8%) patients having frontal lobe injuries, followed by 14 (10.1%) having brain injuries in the temporal lobe. On the other hand, using CDT score, it was observed that 102 (76.1%) of the cases had cognitive impairment (CDT score <5) with the majority 49 (36.6%) cases having frontal lobe injury followed
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ng video classes promoted positive changes in several outcomes generally regarded as cardiovascular risk factors in HPMWs, and these changes were even more pronounced by the association with respiratory technique.Cough exacerbation in cold environments is a characteristic feature of patients with chronic cough. There is consensus that inhalation of cold air stimulates cough receptors but this idea is not consistent with
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Terminal ileum diverticulitis is a rare clinical disease. It can frequently mimic other processes, such as acute appendicitis. Diagnosis and therapeutic decision making (surgical or conservative treatment) can be complex. We report four interesting cases of terminal ileum diverticulitis.
. Case 1 a 55-year-old male presented to us with a 3-day history of severe right lower quadrant p
HermanWalton5039
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4%) vs. 49/136 (36.0%), p=0.0002]. Patients surviving hospitalization had more clinic follow-up post-discharge during the latter period [42/85 (49.4%) vs. 76/105 (72.4%), p=0.0012] and ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement for delayed hydrocephalus [1/85 (1.2%) vs. 9/105 (8.6%), p=0.02]. A sub-cohort (n=46) of aSAH survivors had lower median TICS score during the earlier study period [31.5 (IQR 22, 36) v
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What to Anticipate from a Comprehensive Psychiatric Assessment
Adult psychological evaluations, likewise referred to as comprehensive mental health assessments, serve as a structure for comprehending psychological health problem and finding efficient treatment options. Through in-depth interviews, people c
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6 for KSKS. The MCID determined by anchor-based ROC was between 15 and 20 for KSFS (AUC satisfaction=71.8%, survivorship=61.4%) and between 33 and 34 for KSKS (AUC satisfaction=76.3%, survivorship=67.1%). The MCID determined by distribution-based method of 0.5 SD was 11.7 for KSFS and 11.9 for KSKS.
The MCID of 6.3 points for KSFS, and 6.6
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In this study we show that basis component equivalence images have high potential to improve the diagnostic accuracy of the detection of minor bone lesions during clinical trauma imaging. A reader study performed by three experienced radiologists compares the image quality of basis material images to a standard radiograph image of a non-fractured cadaveric hand.Under certain circumstances, cortical neurons are capab
KingMoran6206
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Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the immune response of broilers vaccinated with Salmonella chitosan-nanoparticle (CNP) vaccine and challenged with Salmonella. The Salmonella CNP vaccine was synthesized with Salmonella enterica outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and flagellin proteins. In Experiment I, birds were orally gavaged with PBS or 500, 1000, or 2000μg of CNP vaccine 1 and 7d-of-age. At 14d
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After a mean follow-up period of 5.8±0.4 (range, 5.0 to 6.0) months, UCVA was significantly improved from 0.23±0.14 to 0.36±0.20(P=0.026), and BCVA was also significantly improved from 0.32±0.22 pre-operatively to 0.56±0.25 post-operatively (P=0.006).
Surgical membranectomy with modified incision and capsulotomy microscissors may be a safe approach to clear the visual axis of p
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After 3 weeks of therapy, visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores were improved. Furthermore, because of the amelioration of the patient’s symptoms, her neurosurgeon successfully discontinued pregabalin 75 mg 2 times a day without negative consequences to care.
As far as the authors are aware, there is currently no published case of ASD care in chiropractic literature.
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Radiation-induced central nervous system toxicity is a significant risk factor for patients receiving cancer radiotherapy. Surprisingly, the mechanisms responsible for the DNA damage-triggered neuronal cell death following irradiation have yet to be deciphered. Using primary cortical neuronal cultures in vitro, we demonstrated that X-ray exposure induces the mitochondrial pathway of intrinsic apoptosis and that miR-23a-3
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into the heterogeneity and dynamics of lysis of individual B. subtilis cells derived from spores upon prophage induction.The effective utilization of visible light is required for exploiting photocatalytic reactions in indoor and outdoor environments. In this study, Pd-supported BiVO4 microspheres (Pd-BiVO4) were prepared for visible light-induced photocatalytic reactions. Under irradiation with a wh
CostelloWestermann0730
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In healthy individuals, centrality of the dorsal attention network (DAN; p = 0.007) changed over time in relation to stress. More specifically, DAN centrality increased during the recovery phase after acute stress exposure (p = 0.020), while no DAN centrality change was observed during the initial stress response (p = 0.626). Such increasing DAN centrality during stress recovery was also found in healthy s
BurksSvensson5540
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The high burden of cardiovascular disease and the simultaneous obesity pandemic is placing an extraordinary strain on the health care system. In the current siloed care model, patients with cardiometabolic disease receive only fractionated care from multiple specialists, leading to insufficient treatment, higher costs, and worse outcomes.
The imminent need for a new
GillespieEmborg6588
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In the fields of psychology and psychiatry, the use of the terms impulsivity, sensation-seeking and ordalie to refer to risk-taking behaviors can sometimes be confusing.
The objective of this study was to establish a clinical definition of the concepts of ordalie, sensation-seeking and impulsivity, in order to analyze the similarities and differences between these concepts.
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It is indicated by ratio of iron ions contributions in B sites (octahedral) and A sites (tetrahedral) in magnetite spinel structure, which is much lower than 2.0 (theoretical value for stoichiometric magnetite). The characteristic feature of TMPs collected from the vicinity of old metallurgical plants (>180 years) was the high contribution of surface components probably related to the surface oxidation/maghemitizati
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The terrestrial plants, Isodon japonicus (Burm. f.) H. Hara and Isodon trichocarpus (Maxim.) Kudô (Labiatae), are native to Japan. Different parts of these plants have been used as a traditional bitter stomachic, under the name Isodon herb (Enmei-so). Ent-kaurane diterpenoids are the major constituents of Isodon herb that contribute to the herb’s medicinal properties. However, large variability with respect to the composi
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As a refractory fibrosis disease, intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) is defined as fibrosis of the physiological endometrium. Although hysteroscopic adhesiolysis is widely recommended as an effective treatment, prognosis and recurrence remain poor in severe cases. Recently, stem cell therapy has been promoted as a promising treatment for IUAs. The ability of human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs), emerging as a new can
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To analyze the expression and clinical significance of retinoic acid-induced protein 14 (
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expression in various cancer types was analyzed using the Oncomine and TIMER databases. We used the Kaplan-Meier Plott
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Sixteen loci associated with the GZnC on 11 different chromosomes 1B, 2B, 2D, 3A, 3D, 4A, 4B, 5A, 5D, 6B, and 7D were detected, which could explain 2.7~6.6% of phenotypic variance. We also determined five associated loci on chromosomes 2B, 2D, 3A, 4B, and 5A were in pleiotropic regions affecting both GCuC and GZnC. This study would help in better understanding the molecular basis of Cu/Zn accumulation in wheat grain, and
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Psoriasis is an immune-mediated dermatosis usually associated with comorbidities. Treatment varies from topicals to systemic drugs and data on susceptibility to viral infections in psoriatic patients are scarce. The objectives of this study were to analyze psoriatic patients on different therapies who were at risk for COVID-19 for seroprevalence of SARS-COV-2, pro-inflammatory cytoki
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Sleep is an important aspect of child development and health. Disparities in childhood sleep have been observed as early as infancy, but little is known about the factors contributing to them.
The objective of this study was to examine whether intrinsic, contextual, and parenting factors contribute to differences in sleep duration between Hispanic/Latinx and non-Hispanic white inf
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สล็อตอัพเดทปัจจุบัน ได้แปลงเป็นแบบความรื่นเริงใจการเดิมพันยอดนิยมนับจากมีอินเทอร์เน็ต สล็อตแมชชีนเปรียบเสมือนจริงกลุ่มนี้เปิดโอกาสผู้เล่นสำหรับในการหมุนวงล้อและก็บางทีอาจชนะรางวัลใหญ่โดยไม่ต้องออกมาจากบ้าน สล็อตแตกหนัก ด้วยความเจริญรุ่งเรื ี สล็อตออนไลน์ก็เลยมีความสลับซับซ้อนมากยิ่งขึ้น มีกราฟิก แอนิเมชั่น และก็โบนัสที่ดียิ่งขึ้น ในเนื้อหานี้ พวกเราจะเจาะลึกประวัติศาสตร์ของสล็อตออนไลน์ ตรวจเกมสล็อตปัจจุบันพร้อมโบนัสสู
ReganClarke6228
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The aims of the study were to compare characteristics, resources, benefits and outcomes of academic-clinical collaborations of nursing researcher leaders from academic, clinical and joint-employer sites.
Few research-based publications addressed academic-clinical research collaborations. New knowledge could increase nursing and multidisciplinary research productivity, i
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We note that intussusception was likely associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection in 2 infants in Wuhan and London. The intussusception was reduced by enemas in Wuhan; the outcome was fatal. The intussusception was not reduced by enemas in London and required surgery; the outcome was favorable.Computer vision systems (CVS) have been shown to be a powerful tool f
VogelKirby9464
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Thus complex spikes cannot only act as a teaching signal for a P-cell, but through complex spike synchrony, a P-cell population may act as a surrogate teacher for the DCN neuron that produced the erroneous output. It appears that grouping of P-cells into small populations that share a preference for error satisfies a critical requirement of efficient learning providing error information to the output layer neuron (D
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Cervical ossification of ligamentum flavum (COLF) is a rare clinical entity which can occasionally contribute to severe myeloradiculopathy. Many orthopedists are unfamiliar with or underestimate this pathology. Therefore, a comprehensive research is obligatory to reappraise the epidemiological, radiological, clinical and histopathological characteristics of COLF-myeloradiculopathy based on synthesis of individual patien
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Only the number of ANC visits was associated with the optimal uptake of SP. Women who attended ANC three times only and those who visited ANC once or twice only were less likely to receive at least three doses of SP than those who managed to attend ANC at least four times during pregnancy (AOR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.49-1.02) and (AOR = 0.12, 95% CI 0.06-0.21) respectively. CONCLUSIONS To achieve effective malaria prevention
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05). The number of foci was the independent predictor of recurrence in patients with macro-PTC (P < .05).
An increase in the number of tumors was associated with an increased risk of aggressive clinicopathologic features in PTMC and macro-PTC. The number of tumor foci could influence risk of recurrence in macro-PTC.
An increase in the number of
UpchurchNeumann7178
BOS172722
X-linked creatine transporter deficiency (CTD) is one of the three types of cerebral creatine deficiency disorders. CTD arises from pathogenic variants in the X-linked gene SLC6A8. We report the first phosphorus (31 P) MRS study of patients with CTD, where both phosphocreatine and total creatine concentrations were found to be markedly reduced. Despite the diminished role of creatine and phosphocreatine in oxidative pho
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Surgery may guide a future series of clinical studies on breast reconstruction in China.
Implant-based breast reconstruction remains the dominant choice among patients, while autologous reconstruction was associated with higher aesthetic satisfaction. Our multi-center investigation based on the findings of the tertiary hospitals of Chinese Society of Breast Surgery may guide a future series of clinical studies
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We conclude that CHPs function as antiaging substances due to their restoration of the impaired formation of collagen and elastin fibers caused by extracellular soluble CPs.The major polyunsaturated fatty acids in krill oil extracted from Euphausia pacifica, known as Isada on the Sanriku coast, are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid. A kinetic model was proposed to explain the relationship betw
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Long intergenic noncoding RNA1184 (linc01184) has been recently discovered; however, its role in human diseases is limited to date. The present study is aimed at investigating the expression pattern and mechanism of linc01184 in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis.
The expression of linc01184 in CRC tissues and cell lines was compared with that in normal controls. The functions of lin
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The field of microbiome research has developed rapidly over the past decades and has become a topic of major interest to basic, preclinical, and clinical research, the pharmaceutical industry as well as the general public. The microbiome is a complex and diverse ecosystem and defined as the collection of all host-associated microorganisms and their genes. It is acquired through vertical transmission a
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