Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
415,788 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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GATA6 is a critical regulator of pancreatic development, with heterozygous mutations in this transcription factor being the most common cause of pancreatic agenesis. To study the variability in disease phenotype among individuals harboring these mutations, a patient-induced pluripotent stem cell model was used. Interestingly, GATA6 protein expression remained depressed in pancreatic progenitor cells even after c
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Interestingly, the TT genotype was completely absent in controls, but was detected in six patients with a 6.2% observed frequency. The difference between patients and controls was not statistically significant (p-value = 0.18). In male OA patients, the observed frequency of the TT genotype was higher (28.6%) in comparison to the 0% of the male controls (p-value = 0.1). The frequency of the G allele was 0.82 in contro
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Being seen in the ED within the last 72 hours and seen by provider types consulting physician and nurse practitioner were significant (P ≤ .05) in predicting the odds of admission related to a diagnosis of CHF.
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