Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
342,486 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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The reduction of grain yield was less with higher AMF colonization. Plants with higher AMF colonization showed higher leaf P concentrations than plants with lower colonization in Expt 1, but not in Expt 2. Plants with higher AMF colonization exhibited higher stomatal conductance and chlorophyll fluorescence than plants with lower colonization, especially under drought. Drought increased the levels of ABA a
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The present study reports on the microstructural evolution and room temperature plasticity of V(‑Si)‑B alloys with respect to the V solid solution (VSS)‑V3B2 phase region. To investigate the occurring effects systematically, different binary V‑B and ternary V‑Si‑B alloys were produced by conventional arc melting. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses and X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were used to charac
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BACKGROUND The recent discovery of neural stem cells in the sacrococcygeal end of the filum terminale, the presence of remnants of the most powerful toti-potent stem cell generators and inductors, the primitive streak and node, the existence of the unique non-mutator sacrococcygeal teratomas, and the recent disclosing of neuroimmunomodulatory and hematopoietic roles of Luschka’s body, indicate that the sacrococc
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The main reason for increase of incidence of mucormycosis caused by
spp. has been associated with the rise of worldwide prevalence of DM. Knowing the fungal pathogenic mechanisms as well as the relationships between
with the microenvironment found in the human body will undoubtedly help generate better antifungals to enhance treatment outcomes. Nowadays, some strategies to
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In recent decades, great advances have been made in the field of tumor treatment. Especially, cell-based therapy targeting tumor associated antigen (TAA) has developed tremendously. T cells were engineered to have the ability to attack tumor cells by generating CAR constructs consisting of genes encoding scFv, a co-stimulatory domain (CD28 or TNFRSF9), and CD247 signaling domains for T cell proliferation and activation. Pr
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Both groups A and AB plasma have been approved for emergency-release transfusion in acutely bleeding trauma patients before blood grouping being performed. The safety profile associated with this practice has not been well characterized, particularly in patients requiring massive transfusion.
This secondary analysis of the Pragmatic, Randomiz
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0 vs. 15.0 minutes, p < 0.0001) and ACT (43.0 vs. 53.0 minutes, p < 0.0001). Busier days (higher encounter volumeAPP ratios) demonstrated increased encounter times. After transitioning to a five-day APP work-week, ACT decreased.
High-volume clinics and trainee involvement prolong ambulatory encounters. Increasing APP assistance,
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On the other hand, a faster rate of achievement growth across childhood predicts greater non-ability-based confidence in reading. These results highlight how previous experiences inform people’s self-perceptions over and above their true abilities. Discussion focuses on the factors that shape non-ability-based confidence over the lifespan and the limitations of the current findings.This short article will explore the q
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Online psychiatric assessments, or telepsychiatry, use individuals the possibility to satisfy with specialists without needing to travel. These appointments occur over a safe and secure video call, supplying a comfy and hassle-free method to discuss your psychological health.
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Ovarian chronic inflammation has been known to incidence in the laying hen mainly via increasing laying frequency and microbial infection, especially during late stage of production period. This study was aimed to evaluate beta-2 adrenergic agonist (Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonist, BAA) Salmeterol and beta blocker (Beta Blocker, BB) Propranolol on the gene expression of the ovarian pro- and anti-
HumphreyBenson2085
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Value-added tax exemption for the top-runner, as determined by the rewarded quotas, contributes to increasing the enthusiasm from firms to participate in and improve pollution control measures.Nowadays budget and schedule constraints have forced organizations to select six sigma projects based on pre-defined success criteria. Also, progressive approaches based on green and lean paradigm
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Our results indicate that tellurene monolayers and functionalized counterparts are not only suitable for future optoelectronic devices, but can be used as metallic contacts in nanoscale junctions.The functionality of p-sulfonatocalix[4]arenes can be easily extended using the propargylation/CuAAC reaction sequence, which allows the introduction of up to four substituted triazole units to the narrow rims of the macrocyc
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Hyperemesis gravidarum is an illness that starts in early pregnancy and manifests itself with oral intake problems, electrolyte imbalance, ketonuria, and weight loss. Inflammation is closely associated with the hyperemesis gravidarum, and inflammatory indicators have been studied to understand its pathophysiology. This study investigates the relationship of ketonuria levels with inflammatory markers plat
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Furthermore, we discuss how TCA cycle remodelling is a common evolutionary strategy invoked by eukaryotic organisms to coordinate stress responses and gene expression programmes, with a particular focus on the TCA cycle-derived metabolite itaconate.
We aimed to explore the role of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L(hnRNP L) in enamel organ development through hnRNP L conditional knockout m
HurstPotter6606
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Yet, art remains underutilized in anti-racism education, training and organizing efforts within public health. This commentary includes several arts-based examples to illustrate how art can facilitate insights, observations and strategies to address racism and achieve health equity.
Art can be an important tool to facilitate moving past intellectual arguments that seek to e
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sicians should expect delayed presentation of symptomatic EUP and act accordingly.
This research received no funding.
This research received no funding.
Hospital healthcare workers (HCW), in particular those involved in the clinical care of COVID-19 cases, are presumably exposed to a higher risk of acquiring the disease than t
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The microfabrication with a magnetostrictive TbxDy(1-x)Fey thin film for magnetic microactuators is developed, and the magnetic and magnetostrictive actuation performances of the deposited thin film are evaluated. The magnetostrictive thin film of TbxDy(1-x)Fey is deposited on a metal seed layer by electrodeposition using a potentiostat in an aqueous solution. Bi-material cantilever structures with the Tb
McfaddenCoyle2343
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We show that their contribution cannot be ignored, as particles smaller than less then 1 μm can contain up to 35% of the water+H2O2 extractable arsenic as methylated species, but only dimethylarsinate showed a clear seasonal trend throughout the year.A zinc metal-organic framework, i.e., Zn-MOF (Zn-DBC), with ca. 27% solvent-accessible void volume was synthesized from a rationally designed tetra
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Pressurized liquid extraction was performed to obtain a phytocomplex from Lippia citriodora leaves rich in bioactive compounds. The extract was loaded in phospholipid vesicles to improve its protective effect against oxidative stress in the intestine. The phytochemicals were identified and quantified by HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS. The extract was incorporated in liposomes and penetration enhancer-containing vesicles (PEVs)
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Furthermore, our data help clarify some controversy concerning the presence and/or origin of structures related to the snake basicranium and braincase roof. For example, our detailed description of supraoccipital development suggests that this bone derived, at least in part, from the tectum posterius, although the involvement of the tectum synoticum cannot be totally excluded. Similarly, the epiotic centers of supraoccipital ossificat
KnappHoneycutt7802
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Objective Painful ophthalmoplegia includes nonspecific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestations and various clinical features including orbital pain and cranial nerve palsies. Treatment for painful ophthalmoplegia remains controversial. The aim of this report was to describe detailed clinical features, MRI findings, treatments, and prognosis of patients with painful op
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Lithographic scaling of periodic three-dimensional patterns is critical for advancing scalable nanomanufacturing. Current state-of-the-art quadruple patterning or extreme-ultraviolet lithography produce a line pitch down to around 30 nm, which might be further scaled to sub-20 nm through complex post-fabrication processes. Herein, we report the use of three-dimensional (3D) DNA nanostructures to scale the line pit
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Due to the specification of parboiled rice for exportation varying according to customer requirements, the results of this research provided some useful information for parboiled rice factories.Several common characteristics are shared by competition and comparative optimism; and comparative optimism has often been observed in competitive environments like entrepreneurial fields or areas that require skills. Competitive context co
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Introduction
Global warming has become a critical challenge of our time. Understanding its impact on the environment is crucial for formulating strategies to combat it. This guide explores the way global warming affects different ecosystems and what we can do to protect nature.
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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by limited survival, poor prognosis, and high recurrence. Understanding the metabolic adaptations of TNBC could help reveal improved treatment regiments. Here we performed a comprehensive 1H NMR metabolic characterization of the MDA-MB-468 cell line, a commonly used model of TNBC, followed by an analysis of serum samples obtained from TNBC patients and
CabreraBojsen1284
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Background The role of combined modality in the adjuvant treatment of Endometrial Cancer has not been established. This study aims to assess the benefits of Sequential Chemoradiotherapy (SCRT) compared to Radiotherapy (RT) alone in the treatment of patients with Endometrial Cancer. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients with Endometrial Cancer stage I to stage III C at King Abdullah Medical city, Makkah. Each group of pati
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6, p less then 0.001) and likely GAD (z = 4.6 p less then 0.001), but not likely MDD (z = 1.4, p = 0.16). Conclusion The prevalence of OCD symptoms increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, at a rate significantly higher than pre-pandemic rates reported for the sample population. Presenting with OCD symptoms increased the likelihood of presenting with elevated stress, likely GAD, and likely MDD.As one of the world
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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease where the additional presence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) reduces survival. In particular, the presence of coexistent pulmonary vascular disease in patients with advanced lung parenchymal disease results in worse outcomes than either diagnosis alone. This is true with respect to the natural histories of these diseases, outcomes with medical therapi
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Eucalyptus globules belonging to the Myrtaceae family was explored for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and for biological applications. The aqueous extract of the synthesized zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) was characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometer, FTIR, SEM and TEM. The aqueous broth was observed to be an efficient reducing agent, leading to the rapid formation of ZnNPs of varied shapes
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These results allow us to define distinct protonation and activation steps in pH-stimulated conformational cycling in GLIC, including interfacial rearrangements largely conserved in the pentameric channel family.
Almost all cervical cancers (CC) are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) and patients with advanced stage are at high risk for relapse. Circulating HPV DNA (
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A new, three-dimensional geometric morphometric approach was assessed to study the effect of developmental temperature on fish heart shape utilizing geometric morphometrics of three-dimensional landmarks captured on digitally reconstructed zebrafish hearts. This study reports the first three-dimensional analysis of the fish heart and demonstrates significant shape modifications occurring after three devel
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d a complete response (crude OR 2·26 [95% CI 1·12-4·41], p=0·031), with no significant difference after propensity score weighting (OR 1·08 [95% CI 0·94-1·24], p=0·269). Serological response at 6 months did not differ between the groups (21 [88%] of 24 in the ceftriaxone group vs 76 [82%] of 93 in the benzylpenicillin group; crude OR 1·56 [95% CI 0·42-5·86], p=0·50), whereas hospital stay was shorter for p
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Maternal type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) may affect fetal development by altering the gene expression profile of the umbilical cord. The present study aimed to explore the T1DM-induced gene expression changes in the fetal umbilical cord. The raw gene expression profiles (ID GSE51546) of umbilical cord tissue obtained from six normal mothers (non-diabetic) and six type 1 diabetic mothers were used to identify the differe
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Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) use in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing. Real-world data on efficacy and safety, however, are lacking.
We conducted a retrospective review of all patients with advanced HCC seen at our center who received at least one dose of an ICI between May 2015 and June 2018. Data cutoff was December 31, 2018. Responses were evaluated
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How to Buy a Driving License
A driver’s license is an important step towards freedom and independence. However, owning cars is not the right choice for everyone.
Students who are planning to move to New York during the summer months should think about a driving school that pro
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A second ROC analysis was performed in order to distinguish mild from severe cases of SCHCa in these 620 cows; this cut-off was identified at 1.93 mmol/L. The associated risk of disease with Ca clustership was assessed with generalized linear mixed models. Overall incidence of SCHCa was 66.1%. Clusters SCH-1 and SCH-2 included cows with short-term SCHCa of day 1 and day 2, respectively, while SCH-3 included c
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HammondJespersen5649
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasing problem in pediatrics with limited treatment options. We prospectively assessed outcomes in patients managed in a hepatology clinic (HC) alone vs. those managed in combination with a multidisciplinary weight management program (MWMP). We describe each group’s readiness to change at the time of NAFLD diagnosis. Patients diagnosed with NAFLD were g
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Hopefully, these new classes of cardiovascular drugs would be effective for the treatment of hypertension and CVD and decrease their socioeconomic consequences.
These new chemical entities have different mechanisms of action and in preliminary studies have been successful in the treatment of hypertension, CVD, heart failure, stroke, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. These drugs can be used e
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The presence of the variant allele in the polymorphisms investigated did not reveal any influence on the occurrence priapism. Future studies involving larger samples, as well as investigations including patients in priapism crisis, could contribute to an enhanced understanding of the development of priapism in SCD.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0237399.].
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The development of this semi-structured interview guide is relevant to hermeneutic phenomenological researchers who are interested in discovering how personal background meanings and interpersonal concerns shape parents’ day-to-day stress appraisals and coping with parenting pre-teen children.
The goal of this study was to demonstrate that the paresthesia-independ
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Although glial CNTN2 as well as hypomyelination are dispensable for both neuronal survival and axon regeneration following ONC, the neuronal counterpart comprises a negative regulator of regeneration. Specifically, we reveal a novel mechanism of action for neuronal CNTN2, implicating the inhibition of Akt signalling pathway. The in vitro analysis indicates a BDNF-independent mode of action and bi
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Provinces in clusters 2 and 3, instead, showed a median prevalence of approximately 11 cases per 10,000 residents. However, provinces in cluster 3 were those with the lowest trend of cases. K-means clustering yielded to an alternative cluster solution in terms of the prevalence and trend of SARS-CoV-2 cases. Our study described a simple and immediate approach to monitor the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic at the regional
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Nihon, an island nation nestled in the Center of Asia, is renowned for its distinct way of life that seamlessly blends ancient traditions with modern innovation. This fascinating blend has intrigued travelers from around the world, making Japan a top destination for those seeking to delve in its profound heritage. In this article, we will explore the different
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Evolution Explained
The most fundamental idea is that living things change over time. These changes can aid the organism in its survival or reproduce, or be more adaptable to its environment.
Scientists have utilized the new science of genetics to explain how evolution ope
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Copyright © 2020 Longwoods Publishing.BACKGROUND For decades, the main communication technology in hospitals has been the paging system. In the era of digital communication, smartphones have been adopted by hospitals seeking to modernize processes and offer real-time, two-way communication to increase efficiency. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore physicians’ and nurses’ perceptions of the impact of
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Potential relations of tribological characteristics of aluminum antifriction alloys with their compositions and mechanical properties were investigated. In this regard, the properties of eight aluminum alloys containing tin from 5.4% to 11% doped with lead, copper, silicon, zinc, magnesium, and titanium were studied. Mechanical properties such as hardness, strength, relative extension, and impact strength were analyzed.
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d for urine culturing in predicting postoperative infectious complication. This approach can reduce preoperative preparation-time and costs without affecting postoperative complication outcomes. Biological fouling has caused a lot of concern in marine industries due to the attachment of microorganisms on marine surfaces. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have agreat potential to inhibit and hold strong toxicityagainst
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