Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
365,147 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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The purpose of this article is to establish a higher evaluation and assessment framework, the Entrustable Professional Activity (EPA) tool. Entrusting the learner to be competent practitioners involves many aspects of practice skills, tasks, and other intangible areas such as behaviors and critical thinking that may not typically part of a competency-based education framework. We thus propose a sample EPA framework
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How to Buy a Driving License in Poland
Driving licenses are an excellent way to discover Poland’s rich culture. However the process of obtaining driving licenses in Poland can be confusing for new expats.
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The capability to evaluate complex mixtures is demonstrated for selected petrochemical materials. In these experiments, several hundred to over a thousand compounds could be attributed with a root-mean-square mass error generally below 1 ppm and a mass resolution of over 140 000 at 200 m/z. Isobaric interferences could be resolved, and narrow mass splits, such as 3.4 mDa (SH4/C3), are determined. Single
ArthurMeredith0446
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Organic microlasers have attracted much attention due to their unique features such as high mechanical flexibility, facile doping of gain materials, high optical quality, simplicity and low-cost fabrication. However, organic gain materials usually suffer from aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), preventing further advances of organic microlasers. Here, a new type of microlaser from aggregation-induced emission (A
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08. The pharmacist noted on average 12.6 medication discrepancies during medication reconciliation per veteran. Just less than half of the clinical recommendations made by the pharmacist were accepted by the providers.CONCLUSIONS All veterans admitted to non-VA hospice care had at least one medication discrepancy noted by the pharmacist during medication reconciliation. A majority of the veterans had at least one
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Recombinant IgG, thus prepared, exhibited mainly three kinds of pauci-mannose-type oligosaccharides and had a 13C-enrichment ratio of approximately 80%. This enabled selective observation of NMR signals originating from the methionyl methyl group of IgG, confirming its conformational integrity. These data demonstrate the utility of silkworm pupae as factories for producing recombinant glycoproteins with a
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By restoring glucose-regulated insulin secretion, glucagon-like peptide-1-based (GLP-1-based) therapies are becoming increasingly important in diabetes care. Normally, the incretins GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) jointly maintain normal blood glucose levels by stimulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells. However, the reason why only GLP-1-b
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Here always be five frequent (and embarrassing) grammar mistakes I see in sales letters . And they’re all for words that sound alike, as you will see.
As the client is required to spread their legs a number of embarrassing positions, acting in the matter of fact way,
PerezMcFadden5925
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Spatially structured light has opened a wide range of opportunities for enhanced imaging as well as optical manipulation and particle confinement. Here, we show that phase-coherent illumination with superpositions of radial Laguerre-Gauss (LG) beams provides improved localization for bright optical tweezer traps, with narrowed radial and axial intensity distributions. Further, the Gouy phase shifts for
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Epigenetic inhibitor
Liquid biopsy-based biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), are increasingly important for the characterization of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The aim of the study was to explore CTCs and ctDNA dynamics to better understand their potentially complementary role in describing MBC.
The study retrospectively analyzed 107 patients wit
LopezDay6130
BRD6929
HSD appropriately throughout their childbearing journey. Dismissal can lead to trauma and needless morbidity.Inflammation is an important part of the fracture repair process which requires osteogenic cells to interact with innate immune cells such as macrophages. All murine macrophages express the F4/80 cell surface marker but they may be further subdivided into two main phenotypes M1 (proinflammatory) or M2 (anti-inflamma
BasseHaahr3197
hoki311
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LeonardSmedegaard4542
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thodology aims to synthesise information from publicly available resources. The results will be disseminated through conference presentations and peer-reviewed publication.
Cervical cancer is a major cause of death among women in Eastern Africa, and the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) according to HIV status is inadequately characterised in this region. In order to guide future ce
LyhneSamuelsen2091
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Determination of NG-STAR networks of clonal complexes was shown as a new and valuable molecular epidemiological analysis. Several novel mosaic mtrD (and mtrR and mtrE) variants associated with azithromycin resistance were identified.
We describe the first genomic baseline data to support the Brazilian GASP. The high prevalence of resistance to ciprofloxacin, tetracycline a
KimGravgaard4364
Gossypol
The result indicated excellent nanofiller enhancement of fibre-matrix bonding that significantly improved the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the bionanocomposite. The SEM morphology study confirmed the uniform dispersion of the nanoparticle enhanced the fibre-matrix interaction. In this present work, the functional properties of bionanocarbon from oil palm shells (oil palm industrial waste) was incorporat
BilleMcleod1132
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For grade classification, the accuracy values of the training and test datasets were 99.93% and 81.52% for all patients; 99.98% and 98.51% for grade I meningiomas; 99.91% and 66.67% for grade II meningiomas; and 99.88% and 73.91% for grade III meningiomas, respectively. The automated detection, segmentation and grade classification of meningiomas based on deep learning were accurate and reliable and may improve the mon
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PrEP dispensation was more frequent among those concurrently using effective contraception, (adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08-1.32) and contraceptive use was more common among those on PrEP (aRR = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.18-2.25). Among East African women at high risk of HIV infection, PrEP dispensation was more frequent among women using effective contraception, indicating that fa
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In this work, a novel fringe double scheme with a Fabry-Pérot (F-P) cavity is proposed for self-mixing interferometry based on the narrow transmission spectrum mapping. While the laser beam with self-mixing interference (SMI) propagates through the F-P cavity with the narrow transmission spectrum, the SMI fringe doubles as the optical frequency modulation caused by SMI sweeps the peak of the transmiss
DueholmPeters7329
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Of the 274 women sent a card, 231 attended the primary outcome visit (84.3%) compared to 230/284 (81.0%) for those not receiving a card. Sending a pre-notification card may result in a slight increase in attendance at a face-to-face primary outcome measurement visit at 1-year risk difference = 3.3% (95% confidence interval = -3.0% to 9.6%). This is GRADE low certainty evidence. A recording error meant it was unclear whether 17 p
SmithHay6656
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ascular and gastrointestinal involvement emerged as novel predictors of mortality in our cohort.
Infections are the most common cause of in-hospital mortality in SLE and TB still accounts for 15% of deaths related to infection. Vasculitis, myositis, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal involvement emerged as novel predictors of mortality in our cohort.Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune diseas
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Small space gardening
Introduction
In today’s dynamic world, the ability to grasp new concepts, such as keyword, is more important than ever. Whether you’re a student, a professional aiming to improve your skills, or someone with a passion for self-development, understanding keyword can open new doors. In this post, we’ll explore the key steps surrounding keywo
HennebergChurchill8151
I-191
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common type of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and one of the multifactorial process that consists of most contributing factors such as tobacco smoking, chewing and alcohol consumption that altered the intracellular environment. Recent studies have shown relevance of Toll like receptor (TLR) associated with carcinogenesis. This review aim’s to explore that how TLR ass
MeierJohansson1820
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The technique provides a facile and robust way of separating cells based on elevated glycolytic activity; a biomarker associated with cancer cell malignancy.Decomposition of micropollutants using an electrocatalytic membrane reactor is a promising alternative to traditional advanced oxidation processes due to its high efficiency and environmental compatibility. Rational interface design of electrocatalysts
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JuulDavis8631
TEPP-46 concentration
BACKGROUND The dorsal root (DRG) and trigeminal (TG) ganglia contain cell bodies of sensory neurons of spinal and trigeminal systems, respectively. They are homologs of each other; however, differences in how the two systems respond to injury exist. Trigeminal nerve injuries rarely result in chronic neuropathic pain (NP). To date, no genes involved in the differential response to nerve injury between the two s
HewittLutz7327
Sustainable gift ideas
Introduction:In recent years, blockchain has evolved as a transformative force across various sectors. From cryptocurrencies to smart contracts, its influence is being recognized globally. This article aims to demystify the fundamentals of blockchain, providing readers with insight into its mechanisms and potential.
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8 weeks) and treatment occurred in a median of 9.5 days later. The distribution by the Quintero’s staging was of three cases in stage II, five in stage III, and two in stage IV. In 50% of the gestations, at least one of the fetuses survived through the neonatal period.
the treatment of TTTS in the HC-UFPR had a positive impact in the survi
NicholsonAbbott4723
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The mean marginal bone loss and bone gain were 4.4 ± 1.2mm and 2.9 ± 0.9mm, respectively, which showed a significant improvement.
Our preliminary evaluations showed favorable results in terms of radiographic defect fill and soft tissue condition. It appears that this technique may lead to promising outcomes in cautiously selected patients seeking to retain their failing implants. Howe
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Most recently, Coimbra et al. (2020) published an article in this journal (Zootaxa, 4729 (2) 177-194) questioning the taxonomic position of the genus Copytus Skogsberg, 1939 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) along with proposing it as the type genus of their new family (Copytidae Coimbra et al., 2020), and erecting two new species that were listed by previous authors as Copytus sp. 1 and Copytus sp. 2. The main diagn
KlineLange6596
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Microgaming은 보너스 바카라를 개발했습니다. 플레이어는 은행에 베팅하고 결과를 일치시킵니다. 이는 뱅커와 플레이어의 점수 차이에 따라 최소 2배에서 최대 30배의 높은 배당금을 제공합니다. 대조적으로, 동점일 경우 단순히 무승부가 아닌 모든 베팅을 잃게 되며, 결과가 동일하지 않을 경우 베팅의 두 배를 잃게 됩니다. 이 매칭 게임은 때때로 용과 호랑이 게임이라고 불립니다. 이 게임은 바카라는 아니지만, 바카라와 매우 유사합니다. 하지만 바카라는 2~3장의 카드로 결과를 결정짓는 카드게임, 하지만 드래곤 타이거에는 없습니다.게임은 한 장의 카드로 결정되기 때문에, 2배 빠르게 움직입니다. 이 온라인 카지노를 사용하면 현실감을 높이
EsbensenDeleon1042
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To evaluate the differences in contrast enhancement of abdominal organ on abdominal dynamic MRI using 0.1 mmol/kg 1.0M gadobutrol (GAD) versus 0.5M meglumine gadoterate (MG) in patients having liver hemangioma.
Phantom study was performed with different concentration (0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.0, 5.0 and 10 mmol/L) of GAD and MG. Sixty-two patients with liver hemangioma wer
BalslevMaddox5189
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No significant connection between
and Indigenous knowledges was established in the analyzed articles. Articles discussed
as it pertains to epidemiological surveillance and research. The implications of utilizing
towards Indigenous Peoples and culture were not explicitly addressed.
No significant connection between One
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Conclusions The findings highlight the importance of therapist characteristics within therapy sessions. Therapists without training and with low interpersonal skills have sessions that are nearly devoid of content that focuses on client experiential processes and emotion.This study explored how 30 trans graduate students made decisions regarding graduate school. Specifically, it examined how the students chose their g
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BrodersenMeier0714
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PURPOSE To assess the predictive value of a single abnormal shock index reading (SI ≥0.9; heart rate/systolic blood pressure [SBP]) for mortality, and association between cumulative abnormal SI exposure and mortality/morbidity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cohort comprised of adult patients with an intensive care unit (ICU) stay ≥24-h (years 2010-2018). SI ≥0.9 exposure was evaluated via cumulative minutes or time-weighted
CostelloSavage3417
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29 (1.03, 1.61) per 6.3µg/m
for PM
, 1.16 (1.07, 1.27) per 8.2µg/m
for NO
, and 1.12 (1.00, 1.25) per 10dB for L
. The HR for NO
remained unchanged after adjustment for either PM
or L
, while the HRs for PM
and L
<
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This essay aims to reflect on the repercussions of the pandemic in obstetric care in the light of sexual and reproductive rights, focusing on delivery and birth care.
The reflection shows that the pandemic has accentuated the violation of these rights, which is evidenced by racial inequalities in maternal mortality, as well as restrictions and interventions in childbirth care wit
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Comprehensive integrated psychiatric assessment involves a comprehensive assessment of a person’s psychological health. This type of assessment can help determine the reason for a patient’s signs and identify the best treatment alternatives.
GeislerJohannessen4147
GSK-3 cancer
Moreover, autosomal dominant HSP caused by ERLIN2 appears to cause pure HSP in contrast to autosomal recessive ERLIN2 related complicated HSP (SPG18).Previous studies in the long-term experiments at Pendleton, OR (USA), were focused on organic matter cycling, but the consequences of land management for nutrient status over time have received little attention. Soil and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) tissue samples were analyzed to d
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45 ± 0.86) v.s. (2.33 ± 1.49) and (2.28 ± 1.50),
= 8.23,
< 0.001). However, there were no marked difference in the levels of these three indices between the MDD remission group and the control group (
> 0.05). Serum GABA levels were negatively correlated with HAMA total score (r = -0.34,
= 0.02), HAMD total score (r = -0.
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87 (95% CI, 1.75-4.69).
This systematic review demonstrated a positive association between periodontitis and psoriasis; however, a causal relationship cannot be established. Due to the weak evidence, caution should be taken when interpreting the results regarding periodontal parameters. Well-designed prospective studies are necessary to evaluate interactions between
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Introduction
Marketing is a vital pillar of any successful organization. Whether you’re a newcomer looking to break into the realm of marketing or someone aiming to enhance your knowledge, understanding the basics is a necessary starting point. In , we’ll break down the building blocks of marketing and offer useful tips to help you begin.</
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Selleckchem IDO-IN-2
The incidence of methamphetamine use in reproductive-age women across the United States is increasing. The existing literature on methamphetamine use in pregnancy has indicated an elevated risk of adverse maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
This study aimed to investigate pregnancy outcomes in patients with recent methamphetamine use compared with patients who received
VangOgden0786
Ruboxistaurin
vents score (p = 0.0012). Conclusion The new prediction score model based on TBil could be used in clinical practice to support risk stratification as recommended in the clinical guidelines.Background Left atrial enlargement (LAE) can independently predict the development of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Objectives This study sought to develop an artificial intelligence approach for the detection of LAE based
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Synthetic crystal lattices provide ideal environments for simulating and exploring the band structure of solid-state materials in clean and controlled experimental settings. Physical realisations have, so far, dominantly focused on implementing irreversible patterning of the system, or interference techniques such as optical lattices of cold atoms. Here, we realise reprogrammable synthetic band-structur
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28; CI 0.2-0.38; p = 1.7 × 10-16) and overall survival (HR 0.18; CI 0.09-0.34; p = 6.8 × 10-9), showing a stronger prediction capacity than previous reported signatures. In conclusion, we describe two novel mutations and their transcriptomic signature, both associated with a favorable outcome and immune infiltrates in PD1 and PD-L1 high-expressing basal-like tumors.We report a simple and versatile approach to assemble sens
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