Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
366,644 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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A robust and rapid UPLC-MS/MS method has been developed, optimized and validated for determination of amlodipine (AML), indapamide (IND) and perindopril (PRN) in human plasma. A positive electrospray ionization mode was used in a Xevo TQD LC-MS/MS instrument. A single sample preparation step using extraction technique was applied to extract the three analytes from plasma samples. There was no need to extract indapamide fr
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12)-2.66]). Total WOMAC score showed a significant difference over the time favoring HA injection (4.5 [95%CI 1.1-8]). However, no single time point showed any significant difference between groups.
This meta-analysis showed no significant difference between HA and ozone in reducing pain and improving function in patients with knee OA, although the overall results favored HA over ozone.
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The glycoconjugates with BSA (bovine serum albumin) were synthesized using a next saccharide disaccharide derivative M.leprae PGL-1 (phenolic glycolipid-1); a complex of the disaccharide fragment and the branched hexasaccharide fragment LAM (lipoarabinomannan); diarabinofuranose fragment LAM. These glycoconjugates were used as antigenic components for leprosy rapid serotest construction in immunochromatographic fo
FitchTobiasen7242
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Galectin-1 contains a carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) as a member of the lectin family. Here, we investigated whether galectin-1 regulates adipogenesis and lipid accumulation. Galectin-1 mRNA is highly expressed in metabolic tissues such as the muscle and adipose tissues. Higher mRNA expression of galectin-1 was detected in white adipose tissues (WATs) of mice that were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) than in th
SharmaGustafsson6912
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CONTEXT Quality of palliative care and death in mainland China is at a low level of the rest of the world, the public is lacked of proper understanding of the relevant information is one of the important reasons. There has been a shift in policy of palliative care in municipalities recently in mainland China. OBJECTIVES To measure the advance care planning-related knowledge and attitudes of Chinese community-dwell
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AZD7762
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) blocking therapy has become a major pillar of cancer immunotherapy. Compared with antibodies targeting, small-molecule checkpoint inhibitors which have favorable pharmacokinetics are urgently needed. Here we identified berberine (BBR), a proven anti-inflammation drug, as a negative regulator of PD-L1 from a set of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) chemic
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CONCLUSION Our study shows that lineage-specific DNA methylation signatures are stably maintained during regeneration, and regeneration enhancers are preset as hypomethylated before injury. In contrast, chromatin accessibility is dynamically changed during regeneration. Many enhancers driving regeneration gene expression as well as upstream regulators of regeneration are identified
AagaardMichaelsen5927
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The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) generates and maintains thousands of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) to serve commerce worldwide. Many SRMs contain metrologically traceable mass fractions of known organic chemicals and are commercially available to aid the analytical chemistry community. One such material, NIST SRM 1957 Organic Contaminants in Non-Fortified H
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The weighted K-nearest neighbor (WKNN) algorithm is a commonly used fingerprint positioning, the difficulty of which lies in how to optimize the value of K to obtain the minimum positioning error. In this paper, we propose an adaptive residual weighted K-nearest neighbor (ARWKNN) fingerprint positioning algorithm based on visible light communication. Firstly, the target matches the fingerprints according to the receiv
CochraneMalmberg7039
Selleck Fisogatinib
Two similar types of dienes, one rigid and the other flexible, were explored for their gel formation abilities with Ag(i) salts. The rigid and angular dienes have shown an exceptional ability for gel formation with silver salts of nitrate, triflate, tetrafluoro borate and hexafluorophosphate. These metal-organic gels (MOGs) and their xerogels are found to have an excellent ability to undergo the photochemical [2
McKinleyPitts2900
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Introduction
In today’s dynamic corporate landscape, understanding modern office environments has become essential. Organizations are increasingly focusing on establishing a culture that promotes workplace harmony and boosts overall productivity. examines the essential aspects of contemporary office environments, providing insights for building a better organizational atm
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How Much Does a Private Psychiatric Assessment Cost in the UK?
With the NHS being so overwhelmed by need, it’s not unexpected that waiting times for psychiatric assessments can be rather long. Nevertheless, there are manner ins which you can prevent these hold-ups, such as by scheduling a personal assessment.
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WrennSchou0110
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Results We observed good convergence among the 4 methods ROC curves based on visual classification (optimal cut point, 1.55 SUVR), ROC curves based on clinical classification (optimal cut point, 1.56 SUVR) gaussian mixture modeling (optimal cut point, 1.55 SUVR), and comparison with cerebrospinal fluid measures of amyloid-β (optimal cut point, 1.51 SUVR). Means and 2 SDs from young controls resulted in a lower threshol
KampDevine7616
WAY-316606 clinical trial
In this paper, a model for two-component systems of six-sided dice in a simple cubic lattice is developed, based on a basic cluster approach previously proposed. The model represents a simplified picture of liquid mixtures of molecules with different interaction sites on their surfaces, where each interaction site can be assigned an individual energetic property to account for cooperative effects. Based
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The current demographic situation in the world is characterized by an increase in average life expectancy, low birth rate, as well as an increase in the number of older and senior people, which is why our epoch is referred to as «the age of ageing». […].
The mechanism underlying the stiffness of the aorta and iliofemoral artery that is required to maintain blood pressure (BP) is unclear.
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With an expected shortage of oncologists, primary care providers (PCPs) may need to manage more cancer surveillance and screening, areas where educational resources for PCPs have been limited. The goal of this e-curriculum was for PCPs to learn surveillance and screening for several common cancers.
The e-curriculum covered breast and colorectal cance
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daily discrimination to racial disparities in IL-6, CRP, and fibrinogen.
Consistent with the fundamental cause theory, multiple independent pathways link SES trajectories across the life course and daily discrimination to racial disparities in IL-6, CRP, and fibrinogen.Subclinical inflammation has been associated with psychosis; however, it remains unknown whether
RaschWarren4108
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Few cases of avulsion fractures of the tibial tuberosity with simultaneous rupture of the patellar tendon have been reported in the literature. Therefore, its mechanism and incidence have not been determined conclusively. This type of fracture is considered a serious injury that requires prompt diagnosis and early surgical repair. There is no therapeutic algorithm or standard method of treatment due to the infrequ
BarberThyssen0586
Protokylol clinical trial
Familial Alzheimer’s disease (fAD) is driven by genetic predispositions affecting the expression and metabolism of the amyloid-β protein precursor. Aluminum is a non-essential yet biologically-reactive metal implicated in the etiology of AD. Recent research has identified aluminum intricately and unequivocally associated with amyloid-β in senile plaques and, more tentatively, co-deposited
GriffithCarroll2261
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Disease management in individuals with asthma is affected by factors such as avoiding triggers that cause attacks and properly using inhaler devices.
To determine the effect of a theory of planned behavior (TPB) education program on asthma control and medication adherence.
A randomized controlled trial enrolled 30 participants in the in
HealyHorne0809
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].Using Gordon’s Functional Health Pattern Model, the current cross-sectional study aimed to survey physical and psychosocial responses to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among Chinese frontline nurses and to identify the most vulnerable groups for future reference and interventions. A self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and stress reactions of 115 Chinese frontline nurses. The 52-item
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These results suggest that the use of antimicrobials in livestock constitutes a selective pressure, not only in livestock feces but also in manure compost. The appropriate use of antimicrobials in livestock and treatment of manure compost are important for avoiding the spread of ARB and ARGs.Mouse models have been used to generate critical data for many infectious diseases. In the case of Burkholderia pseudomallei, mo
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With the strengths of zero carbon emission and high gravimetric energy density, hydrogen energy is recognized as a primary choice for future energy supply. Electrochemical water splitting provides a promising strategy for effective and sustainable hydrogen production through renewable electricity, and one of the immediate challenges toward its large-scale application is the availability of low-cost and ef
PeacockWalther4842
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Racism is a system of structuring opportunity and assigning value based on the social interpretation of how one looks (which is what we call “race”). Racism unfairly disadvantages some individuals and communities, unfairly advantages other individuals and communities, and saps the strength of the whole society through the waste of human resources. There are 7 barriers to achieving health equity that
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Further investigation using patch clamp whole cell configuration revealed that, at clinically relevant concentrations, methadone decreased the frequency and amplitude of excitatory postsynaptic currents in neurons, indicating a critical role of methadone in weakening synaptic transmission in neural networks in hCOs. In addition, methadone significantly attenuated the voltage-dependent Na+ current in hCOs. We conc
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Recent advancements in microscopy and biological technologies have allowed scientists to study dynamic plant developmental processes with high temporal and spatial resolution. Pavement cells, epidermal cells found on leaf tissue, form complex shapes with alternating regions of indentations and outgrowths that are postulated to be driven by the microtubule cytoskeleton. Given their complex shapes, pavement cells and
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We compare these results to full configuration-interaction and high-level coupled-cluster reference calculations.Triflumezopyrim exemplifies a new class of mesoionic insecticides and has attracted increasing attention as a result of its unique structure, high level of insecticidal activity, new mechanisms of action, low toxicity toward non-target organisms, and environmental friendliness. It inhibits the nicotinic acet
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Fluoride has been associated with IQ deficits during early brain development, but the period in which children are most sensitive is unknown.
We assessed effects of fluoride on IQ scores across prenatal and postnatal exposure windows.
We used repeated exposures from 596 mother-child pairs in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental
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No quality evidence was found to support the use of radial waves in humans for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. In animal models and at the cellular level, the results are contradictory. More research is needed. Sandoval-Salinas C, Saffon JP, Corredor HA, et al. Are Radial Pressure Waves Effective in Treating Erectile Dysfunction? A Systematic Review of Precl
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Additionally, miR‑95 antagomir suppressed the growth of U2OS xenograft tumors in a mouse model. In summary, our results suggest that miR‑95 induces OS growth in vitro and in vivo by targeting SCNN1A. Our results help clarify the mechanism underlying the miR‑95‑mediated effects on OS tumor growth, thus potentially establishing it as a diagnostic target.Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in colorectal
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Krüppel-like factor 16 (KLF16), a member of the KLF family, is involved in metabolism and regulation of the endocrine system and has emerging roles in tumor progression. However, the expression of KLF16 and its role in breast cancer are elusive.
We investigated the expression and prognostic value of KLFs in breast cancer using data acquired from the TCGA BRCA dataset and the K
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Similar to a medical doctor might buy an X-ray or blood test, a psychologist can use psychological tests and other tools to help understand the reasons for your symptoms. A knowledgeable psychological health specialist, such as the team at RobinsPsych, will thoroughly translate th
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Furthermore, mortality benefit from MCS devices in AMICS has yet to be established in randomized clinical trials. In this article, we outline the best practices for the contemporary interventional management of AMICS, including coronary revascularization, the use of MCS, and special considerations such as the treatment of patients with AMICS with cardiac arrest.
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This article describes and rejects three standard views of reason in secular clinical ethics. The first, instrumental reason view, affirms that reason may be used to draw conceptual distinctions, map moral geography, and identify invalid forms of argumentation, but prohibits recommendations because reason cannot justify any content-full moral or metaphysical commitments. The second, public reason view, affirms i
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Estimating the composition of construction waste is crucial to the efficient operation of various waste management facilities, such as landfills, public fills, and sorting plants. However, this estimating task is often challenged by the desire of quickness and accuracy in real-life scenarios. By harnessing a valuable data set in Hong Kong, this research develops a big data-probability (BD-P) model to estimate constructio
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Veliparib
Polysensitizations to tree, grass, and weed pollen are found in ~ 20% of pollen-allergic individuals. They are often based on broad IgE cross-reactivities to pollen panallergens belonging to highly conserved protein families 1. profilins, 2. polcalcins (calcium-binding proteins in pollen), 3. cyclophilins. They represent highly conserved cross-reactive minor allergens present in all pollen species, but also in plant foods
EganKristoffersen8514
GSK484 clinical trial
il of CB contains α-d-glucopyranose, which can be used in medical tests and medicines.A series of high-density polyethylene nanocomposites filled with different diameter sizes (5, 15, and 25 μm) of graphene nanoplatelets at various amounts (0.5-5 wt.%) are prepared by the melt-mixing method. The effect of diameter size and filler content on the mechanical properties is reported, and the results are discusse
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What is a Psychiatry Assessment?
Psychiatrists perform mental health assessments either in consensual outpatient meetings or, more urgently, throughout a Mental Health Act assessment (when a patient might not be happy about the meeting). In both cases the goal is to check a person’s individual history and create a formulation (which may consist of a diagnosis).
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During the December of 2019, a series of patients with pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus; the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) corona (COV-2), that is, COVID-19. Since the first cluster of cases was reported in China on 31 December 2019 until the 28 April 2020, there were internationally reported 3’000’000 cases, in over 185 countries, and 207’265 deaths. To date, it is still not unanimously clear which
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Conclusions This study has identified for first time 8 IgE binding proteins from red oak pollen. These findings will pave the way towards the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for red oak allergy. © 2020 The Author(s).Background The relationship between lung function decline and eosinophils and neutrophils has important therapeutic implications among asthmatics, but it has rarely been studied
HensonByers9432
Lenalidomide
These results suggest that preparation hyperbranched silicone containing macrophotoinitiators will be one of the good strategies to improve the curing efficiency of the UV-curing system, reduce the migration of UV initiator from cured material, improve the mechanical and UV resistance performance of UV-cured materials.Asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis are common childhood disease
RodriguezJustesen4194
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PURPOSE To demonstrate the technique and report the results of endoscopic-assisted lateral orbitotomy for 6 patients with huge intraorbital dermoid cyst causing orbital roof bone erosion and dural invasion. METHODS Patients had unilateral cystic tumor with proptosis and hypoglobus for more than 6 months. There was no compressive optic neuropathy. Lateral orbitotomy procedure was performed from 2004 to 2016 by 1
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