Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
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Upregulation of miR-153-3p can reduce MC proliferation and ECM accumulation. Further research indicated that miR-153-3p directly regulated PAQR3 expression via coupling with the 3′-UTR of PAQR3. Finally, the fact that miR-153-3p regulates the PI3K/AKT pathway by PAQR3 was confirmed.
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The finite-element analysis (FEA) is used in this work to study the impedance curves and modes of motion at resonance of nonstandard shear plates, thickness poled, and longitudinally excited. An ecological, lead-free, piezoelectric ceramic of ( 1-x )(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3- x BaTiO3 with x =0.06 (BNBT6) composition is studied. The FEA modeling is based on the full matrix of the material coefficients. These ar
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Heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation, whether secondary to drugs, genetics including congenital long QT syndrome, and/or systemic diseases including SARS-CoV-2-mediated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), can predispose to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Currently, QTc assessment and monitoring relies largely on 12-lead electrocardiography. As such, we sought to train and validate
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Infections with Staphylococcus aureus cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Resistant strains of S. aureus to commonly used antibiotics are being increasingly encountered in clinical practice, necessitating the need to determine the resistance pattern in Nigeria.
Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on 360 S. aureus isolates from clinical specimen f
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Preceding the laboratory session with a lecture or educational video yielded higher satisfaction scores.
This brief teaching intervention illustrates an approach to introducing dermatologic entities within the foundational science curriculum of the first year of medical school.
This brief teaching intervention illustrates an approach to introducing dermat
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PCR testing of SARS-CoV-2 does not differentiate between intact virus and remnants thereof, and patients may test positive for a long time. This along with a fluctuating clinical course makes it difficult for clinicians to decide when to end isolation of COVID-19 patients.
The use of quinolones is subject to strict conditions, in part because of their known tendency to drive antimicrobial res
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CONCLUSIONS Interfacility neonatal transportation for, both accepting and transferring infants for convalescent attention is now a fundamental element of NICU practice to bridge the spaces between high level attention center and home. Establishment of well-defined transfer requirements and appropriate allocation of health and staff sources am
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Copyright © 2020 Sunny Patel et al.Introduction. Abnormal pacemaker behavior can occur during radiofrequency ablation. The behaviors are varied and include loss of capture. The mechanisms in this context have not been well described in the literature. We describe a case of epicardial unipolar lead loss of ventricular capture during pulmonary vein isolation. Case History. A 48-year-old man with an epicardial du
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A two-dimensional cytometry platform (CytoLM) with high sensitivity and high temporal resolution is developed for single-particle and single-cell sampling and analysis. First, a Dean flow-assisted vortex capillary cell sampling (VCCS) unit confines the sample stream in curved flow and drives to focus and align the particles or cells in a small probe volume. By coupling VCCS to a laser-induced fluore
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This short article explores the clinical features of suprasellar pituitary adenomas with flaws of the sellar diaphragm (SPADSD) and evaluates the effectiveness associated with the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for remedy for such tumors. TECHNIQUES We performed reveal study of files from 19 patients accumulated ahead of surgery
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In recent years, AI has emerged as a transformative force, redefining various sectors, including learning environments. Understanding the significance of AI in today’s learning spaces is crucial for both educators and students aiming to leverage its potential.
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DNA methylation (DNAm) age may reflect age-related variations in biological changes and abnormalities related to ageing. DNAm age acceleration measures have been associated with a number of cancers, but to our knowledge, have not been examined in relation to pancreatic cancer risk or survival. DNAm levels in leukocytes of prediagnostic blood samples of 393 pancreatic cancer cases and 431 matched controls,
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These results can help interdisciplinary athlete care teams optimize training programs in this population by understanding what changes are expected over multiple years. Normalizing these changes may also help the promotion of realistic body composition goals and the development of positive training and dietary habits.Myasthenia gravis is a rare neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle
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These findings show that treatment with β-lactam antibiotics might affect the intestinal flora and its metabolites in late preterm infants in a short time period.A bacterial strain, designated CJ1-R5T, was isolated from the flower of the royal azalea plant (Rhododendron schlippenbachii) collected in Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. The strain was a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, growing at a
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The addition of probiotics and organic acids for either 7 or 14 consecutive days demonstrated a direct effect of probiotics and organic acids on chAng4 expression; moreover, broilers receiving probiotics and organic acids for only 7 D showed higher levels of chAng4 expression compared with those treated for 14 D. Broilers without treatment had a constant high level of expression in cecal tonsils and bursa. In
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In today’s quickly-changing digital world, understanding distributed ledger technology has become progressively important. This groundbreaking technology powers the digital currency movement, but its implications go far beyond just financial transactions. In this article, we’ll examine the intricacies of blockchain technology and its capacity to reshape various ind
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Our findings suggest that early visual and auditory processing deficits may occur before the onset of the initial psychotic episode, including hallucinations, and the full manifestation of schizophrenia. Furthermore, we discussed the directions for future studies. Our findings from this review offer unique insights into the distinct underlying neural mechanisms of schizophrenia, which may help develop tailored preventive and
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Perampanel is a highly selective and non-competitive α-amino-3-hydroxy-5 -methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptor (AMPAR) antagonist, which has been licensed as an orally administered antiepileptic drug in more than 55 countries. Recently, perampanel was found to exert neuroprotective effects in hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke models.
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eMags represent a very effective tool to optogenetically manipulate physiological processes over whole cells or in small subcellular volumes.Circular RNAs are important for many cellular processes but their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, we map circRNA inventories of mouse embryonic stem cells, neuronal progenitor cells and differentiated neurons and identify hundreds of highly expressed cir
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The forthcoming global energy transition requires a shift to new and renewable technologies, which increase the demand for related materials. This study investigates the long-term availability of lithium (Li) in the event of significant demand growth of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries for supplying the power and transport sectors with very-high shares of renewable energy. A comprehensive assessment
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