Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
357,932 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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A decreased mtDNA copy quantity normally reported during ovarian aging. But, the mitochondrial mechanisms causing ovarian ageing and infertility are not totally recognized. Also, investigations into mitochondrial therapies to revitalize oocyte quality, choose viable embryos and enhance mitochondrial function might help enhance virility or expand reproductiv
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While atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) commonly coexist, the efficacy of pulmonary vein isolation in the setting of HFpEF is unclear.
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A schwannoma is a slow-growing, neurogenic tumor composed of Schwann cells arising from a peripheral nerve sheath. The authors present a rare finding of a schwannoma of the sural nerve that was overlooked in a 51-year-old female with radiating foot pain. This case highlights the clinical implications and important teaching points in recognizing a schwannoma of the foot.
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This novel outbred CD1 mouse model with i.m. immunization that enabled us to study vaccine-induced B. pertussis-specific memory T cells in lungs could be useful for evaluating candidate parenteral vaccines against B. pertussis or others pulmonary pathogens.Ewing sarcoma is a pediatric bone cancer that expresses the chimeric protein EWSR1/FLI1. We previously demonstrated that EWSR1/FLI1 impairs the localization of
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HIV/AIDS progression is linked to vitamin D, which is regulated by several key cytochromes P450 (CYP). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP genes influence vitamin D metabolism and serum levels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between CYP SNPs and the clinical AIDS progression in antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naïve HIV-infected patients.
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The ICC results also showed a decrease in the level of intracellular t-PA. Our data revealed the anti-inflammatory, anticoagulation, and antifibrinolytic effect of RSV in cell culture.OBJECTIVE People living with HIV have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Monocytes play a key role in the early stages of atherosclerosis-driven CVD by fo
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Aggregation of microtubule-associated protein Tau (MAPT) may underlie abnormalities of the intracellular matrix and neuronal death in tauopathies. Tau proteins can be secreted to the extracellular space and internalized into adjacent cells. The internalization of Tau is a complex but critical step in Tau propagation. This review summarizes the internalization pathways of Tau, including macropinocyt
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In the current age, Machine Learning has become a pillar of progress. Its practicalities span various fields, from medical industries to leisure. Understanding AI’s principle is crucial for everyone looking to stay abreast with tech developments.
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Experimental Zika virus infection in non-human primates results in acute viral load dynamics that can be well-described by mathematical models. The inoculum dose that would be received in a natural infection setting is likely lower than the experimental infections and how this difference affects the viral dynamics and immune response is unclear. Here we study a dataset of experimental infection of non-human primates wit
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