Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
361,257 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Patients who underwent exchange after more than 150 days of active infection suffered worse postexchange survival than those who underwent exchanged earlier (P = 0.007). While exchange was required only in 10.6% of patients undergoing LVAD implantation, our results show device exchange may be executed safely and effectively, with long-term outcomes similar to primary LVAD implantation. The indication for device ex
CaseStone7159
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Safinamide is a novel anti-parkinsonian drug with possible anti-dyskinetic properties. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex disease. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of safinamide administration compared to placebo in PD patients on multiple outcomes.
PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, LILACS, and trial da
CotePoole2530
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Predictive validity 26.6-27.6% agreement. Internal consistency Cronbach’s alpha 0.7-0.8. Patient-physician agreement 53.9-92.9% agreement. Some interview participants misunderstood the word “leak.” Construct validity 19% and 23% had a total score ≥ 1. Test-retest reliability 77.0-95.7% agreement. Sensitivity to change Significantly lower score after treatment.
The ICI
MaloneyLindgaard6882
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PURPOSE To describe the development of a new algorithm for detecting changes in 10-2 visual field (VF) tests using event-based analysis and to test its validity in a second, independent glaucoma cohort. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS Patients with established open-angle glaucoma from the Macular Assessment and Progression Study (MAPS, development cohort, n=151), and the Af
MoserMitchell1182
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Overall, there was no difference in incidence of PEP in patients who underwent ERCP and were treated with epinephrine spray versus those who were not, RR = 0.63 (CI 0.32-1.24) with heterogeneity (I2 = 72 %). However, on a subgroup analysis, topical epinephrine significantly decreases the risk of PEP when compared to placebo alone (means no intervention was done including no rectal indomethacin)., RR = 0.32 (0.18-0.57). I
McGeeSeverinsen1809
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001). Multivariate analysis revealed that education, title, working hours per week, frequency of night shift were risk factors for psychological symptoms.
The situation of psychological health of ICU physicians in China is worrying, and it is urgent to take some effective measures to improve their mental health.
The situation of psychological health of IC
WallsLindberg1875
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8 and less then 5.6. Total VFA concentration was less (P = 0.01), acetate percentage was greater (P = 0.01), and duration of ruminal pH less then 5.8 and less then 5.6 was less (P = 0.05) for high compared with low uNDF diets. Digestibility of DM, OM, and CP was greater (P = 0.02) for low vs. high uNDF diets with PI of 65% and 75%, with no difference between low and high uNDF diets at PI of 85%. Bl
WelchBartlett0916
Retinoic acid
The resulting 50-CpG classifier produced an area under the curve (AUC) = 0.74 (95% CI [0.72, 0.76], p = 2.00 × 10-5 ) in the discovery sample and AUC = 0.54 ([0.51, 0.57], p = 2.87 × 10-2 ) in the replication sample. Our EWAS findings provide evidence that blood-based DNAm is associated with lifetime cannabis use.Here, five different samples of neodymium (Nd) incorporated 3D-mesoporous siliceous materials
RochePreston8448
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The fluorescence of TPEPMO-CFs can be reversed in the presence of volatile acidic/alkaline gas for more than five cycles, exhibiting excellent recyclability. In addition, TPEPMO-CF sensors show excellent washability and long-term photostability (fluorescence was maintained above 94% after washing 10 times). These stimuli-responsive AIEgen-organosilica frameworks featuring diversified forms and superstability for wearable
LindholmOsborn3186
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Homocysteine, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is commonly analyzed using enzymatic measurements and immunoassays. We compared the results of a new enzymatic assay with those of an immunoassay, using new reagents for homocysteine. The 87 serum samples were analyzed using the Abbott Architect i2000sr (immunoassay) and Toshiba TBA-c16000 (enzymatic assay), and the results obtained from the two assays were compared f
VendelboPoulsen8912
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A 22months post-transplant, the patient was without immunosuppressants or immunoglobulin, without evidence of graft-versus-host disease or new infections.
The ADA deficiency is an infrequent pathology that can be potentially fatal if adequate treatment is not started. Haploidentical HSCT, using post-transplantation cyclophosphamide, emerges as a viable option with
GraceRobinson7191
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to advanced cardiovascular disease or are in a bailout situation, endovascular management of VCs following PCIs seems to be a feasible and safe treatment option, and represents an alternative to surgical repair in life-threatening situations. Endovascular treatment was associated with significantly fewer red blood cell concentrates per patient and fewer days in hospital than surgical treatment.The population genetic s
FairclothMidtgaard7375
Selleckchem RU58841
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes long-lasting inflammation and ulcers in the innermost lining of the colon and rectum. Previous studies demonstrated that resveratrol suppresses colitis and colon cancer associated with colitis by improving glucose metabolism, but resveratrol use is limited by its low oral bioavailability. Combretastatin-A4 phosphate (CA4P) is a
VadHelbo9623
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The primary outcomes include IMs, and incidence of new pressure ulcers. The secondary outcomes are time to ulcer development, quality of life, length of hospital stay, and adverse events. Statistical analysis will be undertaken using RevMan 5.3 software. Results This study will summarize high quality clinical evidence of RCTs to evaluate the effects of IPUPN on IMs in patients with HRPU. Conclusion The expected finding
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Many patients with anorectal malformations (ARM) need a bowel management program (BMP) to manage lifelong problems of fecal incontinence or severe constipation. We aimed to evaluate the sustainability of the results in such a program.
A single-institution retrospective review was performed in children with ARM who attended our BMP (2015-2019). Standardized definitions and vali
BowersDuelund6575
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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can negatively impact quality of life (QOL). Few QOL instruments are specific to and have been validated in AML. This review aims to identify QOL instruments that have been validated in patients with AML and other cancers and summarize their psychometric properties reported in published literature. A literature review search was performed using PubMed and OVID (Biosis, Embase
McConnellSexton9698
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The present study aimed to define the physical function and lipid profile for physical and cognitive frailty in community-dwelling Korean older adults. A total of 229 participants (age = 76.76 ± 3.72 years; body mass index = 24.83 ± 3.15) were classified into four groups robust, pre-frailty, cognitive decline, and cognitive frailty. An analysis on the four groups was performed to measure their physical and cognitive function, a
AntonsenBarbee5528
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The surgical success rate was significantly higher in eyes with PEG than it was in those with POAG.The use of inappropriate methods for estimating the effects of covariates in survival data with frailty leads to erroneous conclusions in medical research. This study evaluated the performance of 13 survival regression models in assessing the factors associated with the timing of complications in implant-supported dental rest
SchmidtEaton2848
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The results show that the use of ProViM and QUIMBI not only provides a new fast and intuitive visual analysis, but also allows the detection of new co-location patterns in MSI data that are difficult to find with other methods.Lake Baikal is inhabited by more than 300 endemic amphipod species, which are narrowly adapted to certain thermal niches due to the high interspecific competition. In contrast, the surrounding
ThomasenReid9707
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05). Participants’ MUIC increased significantly with the increases in iodine-related knowledge score (P<0.001). The third trimester was a significant risk factor for high UIC, whereas high iodine-related knowledge score, actively learning dietary knowledge and having a habit of consuming iodine-rich food were significant protective factors for high UIC (P<0.05).
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StricklandSvane8540
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Moreover, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was obviously decreased in cells only exposed to Aβ1-42, but, which was suppressed by treated with DMDD.
DMDD attenuated the apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells induced by Aβ1-42 through reversing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio.
DMDD attenuated the apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells induced by Aβ1-42 through reversing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio.The aerobic thermoalk
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Unintentional injuries from burns comprise a significant proportion of public health morbidity in Nigeria. In order to understand the type and impact of burns on youth in Low-and-Middle-Income countries, the epidemiology of burns must be adequately assessed.
This review describes the epidemiological patterns of burn occurrences in the pe
RaskMcNeill2418
HexadimethrineBromide
Retrospective observational study.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnostic algorithm of sacral insufficiency fractures (SIF). The primary objective was to compare the sensitivity in fracture detection and correct fracture classification according to MRI and computed tomog
EstesMcLaughlin2838
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Background The effects of 7 weeks plyometric training on a stable surface and on sand were compared in junior male handball players. Methods A team of experienced players was divided randomly between three groups, undertaking a standard in-season regimen (C, n = 10), or supplementing this regimen by plyometric training on sand (PS, n = 11) or a stable surface (P, n = 10) for 7 weeks. Assessments included 20 m sprint time
EllegaardSerrano6178
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In the ever-evolving landscape of digital marketing, phrase optimization has become crucial for businesses aiming to enhance their online presence. Understanding the context and effective use of keywords is vital in driving visitors to websites and engaging target audiences. This article delves into the significance of keyword optimization and provides practical st
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In today’s fast-paced environment, stress has become a common companion for many people. Understanding how to manage stress is crucial for maintaining psychological health and general well-being. This piece explores practical strategies for coping with stress, suggesting tips that can improve daily life.
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were ≤2% except for GABA and Gln. Signal averaging significantly lowered CRLBs for some metabolites but only by a small amount. Measurement repeatability as indicated by median CVs was ≤10% for Gln, Glu, Ins, tCho, tCr, and tNAA in all scans, and that for Asp, GABA, GSH, and Tau was ≥10% under some scanning conditions. The CV for GABA according to sLASER was significantly higher than that accordin
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Emergency departments (ED) in hospitals usually suffer from crowdedness and long waiting times for treatment. The complexity of the patient’s path flows and their controls come from the patient’s diverse acute level, personalized treatment process, and interconnected medical staff and resources. One of the factors, which has been controlled, is the dynamic situation change such as the patient’s composition and res
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Moreover, it highlights some operative challenges including dealing with associated gastric perforation and mitigating the risk of abdominal compartment syndrome.
We hope our approach to management can help guide others faced with similar challenging cases. Moreover, it highlights some operative challenges including dealing with associated gastric perforation and mitigating the risk of abdominal compartme
LassenHarbo4290
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Erbium Yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser (Er YAG) treatment has been used in resurfacing the acne scars for a long time; however, we could not find any study reporting the recovery rates after each session of the treatment. In this study, we aimed to report the improvement rates after each session. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 35 patients with acne scars treated with fractional ablative Er YAG las
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r hyperandrogenic symptoms. A practical approach to them would involve controlling the menstrual or hyperandrogenic symptoms in hand and regularly evaluating them regarding newly developed or worsening PCOS-related symptoms or metabolic abnormalities. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by a grant from the Seoul National University Hospital Research Fund (No. 2520140090), Re
WilkinsonHooper3578
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Hypothetical purchasing patterns (i.e., grams of cannabis purchased as a function of escalating price) did not differ between indica and sativa, suggesting that demand was similar. Taken together, cannabis users retrospectively report feeling different effects from indica and sativa; however, demand generally did not differ between cannabis subtypes, suggesting situational factors could inf
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Important considerations during the process of setting up new services include the use of domestic examples and local language that are contextually appropriate for the local community. Selected challenges faced in common include shortage of workforce, affordability of training programs, and the need for language adaptation with or without translation.
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Also, the refractive index of HHSP particles was observed becoming 1.28, which can be somewhat less than heavy silica (n = 1.46). These results declare that the approach adopted herein will start opportunities for the growth of a brand new generation of film products with the lowest refractive list. BACKGROUND The role of diet in health is establ
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4-1.0% while Aortoiliac graft infection occurs in 2-6% of patients. Hybrid procedures are secure and need close follow-up for cases of redo and patient with comorbidities.
Graft infection is a rare complication after endovascular treatments. Hybrid procedures outcomes are good with less morbidity but in patient with high risk of infection is important a close follow-up.
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A 73 year old female presented with five non-painful nodules on the dorsal side of her right lower arm that occured after an infection on her third digit finger after cleaning her aquarium. PCR of the biopsy from on of the nodules shows a mycobacterium marinum infection.Macrolides are antibiotics with anti-inflammatory properties that may be beneficial in the treatment of asthma. In a systematic review, Hiles et al
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To take advantages of the intense absorption and fluorescence, high charge mobility, and high dielectric constant of CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots (PQDs), PQD hybrid nonfullerene organic solar cells (OSCs) are fabricated. Addition of PQDs leads to simultaneous enhancement of open-circuit voltage (VOC ), short-circuit current density (JSC ), and fill factor (FF); power conversion efficiencies are boosted from 11.6%
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ThurstonKoefoed2924
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Overall, 4·4 % of the study participants did not consume meat. Compared with medium-meat eaters, no-meat eaters were more likely to be single and users of dietary supplements. Women and high-educated individuals were less likely to be high-meat eaters, whereas overweight and obese individuals were more likely to be high-meat eaters. Total energy intake was similar between the four different meat consumption groups,
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Technical optimizations have significantly increased the performance of both systems, resulting in the possibility of sampling up to 12 mice simultaneously. Moreover, strict aseptic conditions have played an important role in improving data quality. The standardization of these complex methods makes the unraveling of ISF concentrations attainable for various diseases and modalities, starting in this study with mAbs, bu
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Microvascular decompression (MVD) is curative treatment for primary Hemifacial Spasm, in cases where a vascular loop impinges on the facial nerve. Surgical techniques for MVD may be extended to MVD of the glossopharyngeal nerve and trigeminal nerve in cases of primary glossopharyngeal neuralgia and trigeminal neuralgia. Stroke is a rare complication of these procedures that may occur during the separation of a vascular loop from n
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001), whilst GFAP+ stellate astrocytes significantly decreased (p less then 0.001). Cellular reactions could be grouped into two distinct patterns an immune response associated with MHC-II/IBA1 expression and CD astrocytes; and a more innate response characterised by CD68 expression associated with WML. White matter neuroinflammation showed weak relationships to the measures of SVD, but not to the measures of AD n
LandryThiesen2049
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In this study, a magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP (Fe3O4@SiO2-MIP)) was used for the dispersive magnetic solid-phase microextraction (d-MSP-μ-E) to design an easy and effective method for melatonin (MLT) extraction in the methanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea, human urine and plasma, and water samples. HPLC with UV detection was utilized, and pH, the type and volume of eluent, MMIP mass, and cont
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Moreover, our method is generalizable to other person image generation tasks defined on semantic maps, e.g.,clothing texture transfer, controlled image manipulation, and virtual try-on. Experimental results on DeepFashion and Market-1501 datasets demonstrate the superiority of our method, especially in keeping better body shapes and clothing attributes, as well as rendering structure-coherent backgrounds.Charts are useful c
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The author reflects on the Norwegian inpatient service descriptions contained in Wilkinson’s article, considering the challenges laid out in his piece from the perspective of a child and adolescent psychiatrist working in a hospital crisis setting, as well as within the context of child and adolescent mental healthcare staffing across the UK.Emergency medical services (EMS) is called for a 65-year-old man with a 1-week
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