Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
371,445 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Defect engineering is the core strategy for improving thermoelectric properties. Herein, cation doping along with modulation of cation vacancy has been developed in GeTe-based materials as an effective method to induce vacancy-based defects to boost their thermoelectric performance. A series of ternary compounds of Ge9Sb2Te12-x (x = 0, 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12, 0.15) was prepared by vacuum-melt
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The data presented in this article are related to the research paper entitled “Cuticle ultrastructure of Baiera furcata from Northeast China and its implication in Taxonomy and Palaeoenvironment” (Guignard et al. 2019 [1]. The data correspond to a study of the ultrastructural fine cuticle details of fossil Baiera furcata (Ginkgoales) from the Lower Cretaceous Huolinhe Formation in Holingola of East Inner Mongolia, Northeast
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Biosystems such as enzymes, pathways, and whole cells have been increasingly explored for biotechnological applications. However, the intricate connectivity and resulting complexity of biosystems poses a major hurdle in designing biosystems with desirable features. As -omics and other high throughput technologies have been rapidly developed, the promise of applying machi
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To determine the genetic basis of bottom-of-sulcus dysplasia (BOSD), which is a highly focal and epileptogenic cortical malformation in which the imaging, electrophysiologic, and pathologic abnormalities are maximal at the bottom of sulcus, tapering to a normal gyral crown.
Targeted panel deep sequencing (>500×) was performed on paired blood and brain-derive
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BACKGROUND Preexisting factors such as age and cognitive performance can influence the electroencephalogram (EEG) during general anesthesia. Specifically, spectral EEG power is lower in elderly, compared to younger, subjects. Here, the authors investigate age-related changes in EEG architecture in patients undergoing general anesthesia through a detailed examination of spectral and entropic measures. METHODS T
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This study dissects the role of TGFß pathway in CABG failure, with particular emphasis on the therapeutic potentials of specific targeting of Smad-dependent and ALK-mediated signaling.The smoker’s paradox refers to an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes after smoking cessation in patients with coronary artery disease. The mechanisms involved are controversial. The present study evaluated the effect of delay
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IntroductionIn the world of science, String Theory emerges as a fascinating topic that has captivated scientists for years. Grasping String Theory isn’t just important for scientific pursuits, but it also holds major implications for how we view the cosmos around us. This article aims to provide a comprehensive explanation of this intricate subject, breaking down its fundamental components.
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Traditional fermented cereals are a rich source of naturally derived, diverse microorganisms. Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to investigate thoroughly fungal microflora in Western Inner Mongolian acidic gruel. A total of 589,495 sequences were obtained from 16 acidic gruel samples. Ascomycota was found to be the predominant phylum with a relatively abundance of 97.54%, followed by Basidiomycota (2.26
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Together, these findings show that the sensory coding of objects in the human brain reflects the latent statistics of object context in visual and linguistic experience.Management of breast cancer in limited-resource settings is hindered by a lack of low-cost, logistically sustainable approaches toward molecular and cellular diagnostic pathology services that are needed to guide therapy. To address these li
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In today’s fast-paced world, Muay Thai has gained prominence not only as a method of self-defense but also as an excellent form of fitness and personal development. Whether you’re aiming to boost your fitness levels or improve your mindset, engaging in kickboxing offers a multitude of benefits. combines aerobic workouts with intense moves, making it an
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In the digital realm where material is king, grasping the context and relevance of a search term is essential. A simple term, often, the keyword, encapsulates the ability to unite material with viewers globally. In this work, we examine the significance of comprehending keywords and its part in article writing.
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The dexamethasone-induced decreases in Pomc mRNA levels were partially canceled by Fkbp4 knockdown. Alternatively, Pomc mRNA levels were further decreased by Fkbp5 knockdown. Thus, Fkbp4 contributes to the negative feedback of glucocorticoids, and Fkbp5 reduces the efficiency of the glucocorticoid effect on Pomc gene expression in pituitary corticotroph c
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External cephalic version (ECV) is an effective and safe technique for avoiding breech presentation at birth. However, it continues rejected by many women. The aim of this study is to develop a predict
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Objective Early career mentorship in surgical research often begins in medical school, and scholarly activity in the forms of abstract presentations and publications is seen as a critical criterion in residency applications. The goal of this study was to examine how often medical student abstract presentations at the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Clinical Congress are eventually published as peer-reviewed publications.
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The certainty of configurational assignments of natural products based on anisotropic NMR parameters, such as residual dipolar couplings (RDCs), must be amended by estimates on structural noise emerging from thermal vibrations. We show that vibrational analysis significantly affects the error margins with which RDCs can be back-calculated from molecular models, and the implications of thermal motions on the
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