Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
371,168 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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s from this study portray a relationship between gender disparity and thymus aging, and highlight the potential benefits of LHRH receptor antagonist treatment for thymic regeneration. Further research is required, however, to determine how gender may impact on the mechanisms underpinning these events. Copyright © 2020 Hun, Wong, Gunawan, Alsharif, Quinn and Chidgey.Opioid receptors comprise μ (MOP), δ (DOP), κ (KOP), an
McClureFerrell1260
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Due to population growth and the shifting age distribution over the next 30 y, the annual societal economic burden for the four vaccine-preventable diseases is projected to increase from approximately $35 billion to $49 billion, resulting in cumulative costs of approximately $1.3 trillion, as well as more than 1 million disease-related deaths. Given such notable burden, further efforts to increase vacci
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คาสิโนออนไลน์พนันได้ง่าย เป็นที่นิยมมากขึ้นในตอนไม่กี่ปีที่ล่วงเลยไป โดยเปิดโอกาสผู้เล่นได้เพลิดเพลินใจกับเกมคาสิโนที่พวกเขารู้สึกชื่ ้านของตัวเอง ด้วยความเจริญก้าวหน้าด้านเทคโนโลยีรวมทั้งการเดิมพันบนโทรศัพท์มือถือที่มากขึ้น ค่ายคาสิโนชั้น 1 คาสิโนออนไลน์ก็เลยเข้าถึงได้ง่ายดายกว่าที่เคย ในเนื้อหานี้ พวกเราจะตรวจเหตุผลสำคัญบางประการว่าเพราะเหตุไรนักเสี่ยงโชคคาสิโนออนไลน์จำเป็นจะต้องใคร่ครวญร่วมแพลตฟอร์มที่รองรับ True Wallet รวมทั้
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This paper proposes a new model describing the algae-bacteria ecosystem evolution in an outdoor raceway for wastewater treatment. The ALBA model is based on mass balances of COD, C, N and P, but also H and O. It describes growth and interactions among algae, heterotrophic and nitrifying bacteria, while local climate drives light and temperature. Relevant chemical/physical processes are also included. The minimum-law wa
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Kidney diseases have gradually become a global health burden. Along with the development of nanotechnology, many hybrids or nanomaterials have been utilized to promote treatment efficiency with negligible side effects. These therapeutic agents have been successfully applied in many fields. In particular, some efforts have also been made to ameliorate the treatment of kidney diseases through targeted delivery nanomateri
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ocial services, are vital given the high burden of NCDs in South Africa.BACKGROUND Constraint-based metabolic modeling has been applied to understand metabolism related disease mechanisms, to predict potential new drug targets and anti-metabolites, and to identify biomarkers of complex diseases. Although the state-of-art modeling toolbox, COBRA 3.0, is powerful, it requires substantial computing tim
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Particular attention is drawn to examples which are aimed at the expansion of sequence, structural or experimental diversity through different means and approaches. Here, we provide our perspectives on these methodologies and the considerations involved in the design of effective strategies for the directed evolution of antibodies.DNA N6-methyladenine (6mA), a kind of DNA epigenetic modification, is
PhilipsenRobinson2648
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Photo editing software is a powerful tool in today’s tech-savvy environment. From amateurs to professionals, its features include endless avenues to improve your pictures. This piece explores important points on mastering photo editing software.
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of 11.2 weeks. Two patients underwent Zhang’s super tension-relieving suture again 8 weeks after operation due to their short tension-relieving duration which lasted for only 4 weeks after the first suture. Six months after operation, liner scars were achieved in all the patients with an average width of 2.2 mm (0.8 to 7.0 mm) and an average VSS score of 2.1 points (1.0 to 4.3 points).
BatemanEllis7172
Temsirolimus mouse
3, respectively (
= 0.032), and those in type IVB group were 2.4 and 2.4, respectively (
= 0.242). The DCFIs of DDH and CNH in type IVA group were 1.3 and 1.9, respectively (
< 0.001), and those in type IVB group were 1.7 and 1.9, respectively (
= 0.002).
The false acetabulum stimulated
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در دنیای امروز، سایتهای شرط بندی به عنوان یکی از محبوبترین روشها برای تفریح و کسب درآمد شناخته میشوند. اما موفقیت در این عرصه نیازمند شناخت دقیق و استراتژیهای مناسب است. سوال اصلی اینجاست که چگونه میتوانیم در سایتهای شرط بندی موفق عمل کنیم و نرخ برد خود را افزایش دهیم؟
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8, 11.82, 2492.2, 14.62, 26 and 1475 N for the specimens with a 2.5 mm skin. Based on the findings from the present study, gyroid structured composites with a thickness of 2 mm or higher are recommended due to their better mechanical properties as compared to the composites with skins that are thinner.Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is initiated by the deposition and accumulation of low-density lipo
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85-10.96%, and reproducibility of 4.92-13.47% for six TCs. The method was successfully applied to detect TC residues in egg and poultry farm wastewater samples.
Primary aldosteronism (PA) is associated with an increased risk for dysglycemia. However, the effects of hyperaldosteronism on insulin sensitivity and β-cell function are unclear.
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Systematic analysis of both explants, including the 13 EAs, revealed the following lesions (1) alteration of textile structure directly linked to several penetrations of the fabric with the same EA and tears of the textile fibres in two cases; (2) tears of the binding threads as the EA had passed through them in five cases; and (3) interactions between EA and endograft stents in four cases.
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In today’s dynamic business environment, understanding modern office environments has become essential. Companies are increasingly focusing on building a culture that encourages employee engagement and improves efficiency. This article delves into the main features of modern workplace cultures, providing insights for building a stronger organizat
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enhancement of baseline asthma management may help to prevent recurrent asthma exacerbation and subsequent hospitalization.
Improving asthma care, especially in elderly patients with a prior history of urgent healthcare utilization and comorbidities, may help reduce healthcare burden. Suboptimal management before the index admission was common in patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbations. Early i
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Intraosseous infusion remains an underutilized technique for obtaining vascular access in adults, despite its potentially life-saving benefits in trauma patients and those presenting to the emergency department. There is a scarcity of cost-effective, anatomically correct trainers to improve physician confidence and competency in this skill. The purpose of this report is to describe
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31 to-3.01) and NNT 27. Third-degree perineal injuries were reduced from 14.0% to 10.9% (-3.08, 95% CI-3.71 to-2.42) with NNT 32. Fourth-degree perineal injuries were reduced from 1.6% to 1.0 % (-0.58%, 95% CI-0.79 to-0.37) with NNT 172.
Lateral or mediolateral episiotomy reduced the prevalence of OASIS in nullipar
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The aim of this study was to evaluate thermal effects of ceramic and metal implant drills during implant site preparation using a standardised bovine model.
A total of 320 automated intermittent osteotomies of 10- and 16-mm drilling depths were performed using zirconium dioxide-based and stainless steel drills. Various drill diameters (2.0/ 2.2, 2.8, 3.5, 4.2mm ∅) and differ
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MTT assay, colony formation assay and crystal violet assay found that AL inhibited the growth of esophageal cancer cells. Hoechst staining and flow cytometry analysis showed that AL induced apoptosis in esophageal cancer through mitochondrial pathway. Transwell assay and wound healing assays showed that AL inhibited the metastasis and invasion of esophageal cancer cells. Wnt/ β-catenin signaling may contribute to the mechanism of the
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The median delivery time for dornase alfa decreased from 8 days to 3 days, p < .00001. The number of patients utilizing one filling pharmacy increased from 8 (14%) to 21 (38%)(p = .005); and utilizing three filling pharmacies decreased from 14 (25%) to 1 (2%)(p = .003).
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Dermatomyositis (DM) is characterized as a chronic autoimmune disorder with multiple organ involvement. Our previous study has revealed that Cathepsin G (CTSG) highly expressed in dermatomyositic in vivo is regulated by DNMT3a through DNA methylation of 5′-C-phosphate-G-3′ loci at exons and introns. However, the mechanism of gene body methylation on regulating CTSG transcription remains unknown. In this study, w
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The quality of T cell responses depends on the lymphocytes’ ability to undergo clonal expansion, acquire effector functions, and traffic to the site of infection. Although TCR signal strength is thought to dominantly shape the T cell response, by using TCR transgenic CD4+ T cells with different peptideMHC binding affinity, we reveal that TCR affinity does not control Th1 effector function acqu
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tanding horses did not result in a change in ICP. However, with the increase in BPdop found in awake horses, it is likely that CPP would also increase in awake horses following xylazine administration.Antiproliferative activity was confirmed in the various extracts of rhizomes of Hedychium flavescens (Zingiberaceae). The phytochemical investigation of the rhizomes of Hedychium flavescens led to the isol
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The Mar Menor is a hypersaline coastal lagoon with salinity values ranging from 41.9 to 45.5. The system is subjected to a high anthropic pressure that causes an intense eutrophication process, followed by a recovery of the macrophyte meadows. This study focuses on the distribution of the main greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4 and N2O) and was carried out in the extreme seasonal conditions of winter and
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Research into the scope of litter pollution in freshwater systems has shown similar levels to the marine and coastal environment. Global model estimates of riverine emission rates of anthropogenic litter are largely based on microplastic studies as long-term and holistic observations of riverine macroplastics are still scarce. This study therefore aims to contribute a detailed assessment of mac
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OBJECTIVE The postpartum period is a vulnerable time for sexual health, yet the relationship between biopsychosocial factors and sexual function over time remains unclear. Our aim was to identify trajectories of postpartum sexual function in first-time mothers (N = 646) and examine associations with biopsychosocial factors. METHODS Biopsychosocial factors were assessed at delivery and 3 months postpartum. Sexual function was asses
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The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to devastating repercussions on health care systems worldwide. This viral infection has a broad clinical spectrum (ranging from influenza-like disease, viral pneumonia, and hypoxemia to acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring prolonged intensive care unit stays). The prognostic impact of measuring viral load on nasopharyngeal swab specimens (by reverse transcripta
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Participation rates in colorectal cancer screening in Germany are low. We therefore investigated the effectiveness of different invitation models for immunological stool blood tests (fecal immunological tests, FITs).
A randomized controlled trial in 50- to 54-year-old clients of the health insurance provider AOK Baden-Wuerttemberg. A total of 17 532 insured persons were random
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Considering the stability of the extracellular keratinolytic content in [BMIM][PF6], the observed keratinase activity was noteworthy suggesting that the secreted enzyme may contribute to the bioconversion of feather wastes.The anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of extracts from 13 Argentinean Asteraceae species was determined. Dichloromethane and methanol extracts of Acmella bellidioides, Aspilia silphioides, Viguiera tuberosa, Ca
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It is efficient to promote the oil-particle aggregation by increasing the particle concentration in the closed bay. In the open sea, the decrease of the dispersed oil can be effectively enhanced by increasing the particle concentration when it is below 0.50 kg/m3. The information presented in this paper can serve to predict the fate of the dispersed oil in coastal waters and provide technical support for oil s
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Recent reviews have proposed that scientifically validated standard EEG neurofeedback (NF) protocols are an efficacious and specific treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here, we review the current evidence for the treatment efficacy and clinical effectiveness of NF in ADHD to investigate whether NF treatment personalization (standard protocols matched to the electrophysiolog
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For nearly four decades, researchers have explored the integration of arts and humanities content into health professions education (HPE). However, enduring controversies regarding the purpose, efficacy, and implementation of humanities initiatives suggest that the timing and context of trainees’ exposure to such content is a key, but seldom considered, factor. To better understand the affordances of introducing humaniti
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Based on the biological, nutrients and hydrological data in August 2018, the vertical chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration profiles and the relationship among surface Chl-a (Chl-a(0)) concentration, maximum Chl-a (Chl-a(m)) concentration and depth-integrated Chl-a (Chl-a(int)) concentration were studied in the Northern South China Sea (NSCS). The results indicate that there are 4 different patterns in the vertical C
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Percutaneous reduction and fixation of pelvic ring fractures is now widely accepted as a safe and effective treatment method. The only exception remains reduction and fixation of pubic symphyseal injuries. Several units from China and one from Spain have published clinical and biomechanical studies supporting percutaneous reduction and fixation of the pubic symphysis with various screw configurations. The i
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To assess its performance, we compared between the proposed method and two approaches that are used to solve truck routing problems. The experiment results showed that the proposed method obtains considerably better results compared to the other algorithms.T cell-mediated immune recognition of peptides is initiated upon binding of the antigen receptor on T cells (TCR) to the peptide-MHC complex. TCRs are typicall
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There was no association between the amount of prescribed beta-blockers (BBs) and diuretics (Diu) and the first 3-week death rate. When analyzing the combination of drugs that is used by at least 50% of antihypertensive users, within the different countries, countries with the lowest first 3-week death rates had at least an angiotensin receptor blocker as one of the most often prescribed antihypertensive medications (ARBs/
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Several variations within genes associated with statin metabolism have been investigated. Genetic assessment for specific known SNPs within the most known genes may improve the efficacy of statins treatment and prevent their side effects.
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