Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
385,096 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Dead box helicase 5 (DDX5) is an RNA helicase that is has cellular function on RNA splicing and transcriptional regulation. It has been reported to be involved in cell differentiation including adipogenesis. However, it is not clear how DDX5 is regulated during adipogenesis. Our previous report demonstrated that the Ten-eleven translocation methyl-cytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) is required for adipogenesis. T
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OBJECTIVE Obesity is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) mortality and morbidity. Bariatric surgery (BS) is currently an established therapeutic approach for severely obese patients. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) provide important prognostic information beyond traditional CV risk factors. This study aimed to examine the effect of bariatric surgery-
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These findings indicate that CY-09 may represent an important treatment agent for epilepsy and other NLRP3 inflammasome-associated diseases.
Nummular eczema may mimic diseases that present with annular configuration and the differential diagnosis is broad.
This article aimed to provide an update on the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of nummular eczem
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In addition, we observed a phenotypic, transcriptomic, and functional skewing towards a M1-like phenotype.Overall, we introduce CD137 as a positive immune checkpoint on human monocytes/macrophages, which can have therapeutic implications especially in view of synergistic effects when combining CD137 agonists with tumor-targeting antibodies.Hematopoiesis is hierarchical, and it has been postulated that acute myeloid
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Since the NHS launched 70 years ago, medical advancements and treatments have been provided at no cost to those in need. Mental health hasn’t seen the same improvements.
Many reported feeling satisfied with their own mental health, however many were worried about the health of others. They also
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In this context, the aim of this review was to provide an overview of preclinical and clinical evidence aimed to illustrate the antioxidant effects of curcuminoids in neurodegenerative diseases. Promising results from preclinical studies encourage the use of curcuminoids for neurodegeneration prevention and treatment.Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is characterized by the episodic whitening of the fingers upon e
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Although the FDA prohibits using inaccurate, reduced-risk descriptors on tobacco product advertising, descriptors that imply reduced-risk or an enhanced user experience may be present on cigar product advertising in retail outlets near schools. Therefore, to inform the development of federal labeling and advertising requirements that reduce youth appeal of cigars, we conducted a content analysis of cigar ads in retail
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Two new halogen-rich ortho-borates, Ba6BO3Cl9 and Pb6BO4Cl7, were synthesized and characterized. Interestingly, Pb6BO4Cl7 contains rare uncondensed BO4 tetrahedra. The structure analyses indicate that the large cation/boron ratio, the stereochemically active lone pairs on Pb2+ cations and the rich Cl- anions play key roles in the formation of the uncondensed BO4 tetrahedra.Two-dimensiona
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© 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Extension of a fused aromatic ring core is beneficial for enhancing the intramolecular charge transfer and effective π-conjugation in A-D-A type non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). In this work, a novel strategy involving extension of fused-ring core by symmetrically replicating core unit was developed, and a novel symmetric fused-12-ring NFA, LC81 was synthesized.
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Metal-alloys tubes are used in the falling-film evaporator of the multi-effect distillation (MED) that is the dominant and efficient thermal seawater desalination process. However, the harsh seawater environment (high salinity and high temperature) causes scale precipitation and corrosion of MED evaporators’ metal tubes, presenting a serious technical challenge to the process. Therefore, the metal/metal allo
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Spain is one of the countries with the lowest rates of revascularisation and highest ratio of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
To investigate the changes and trends in the two revascularisation procedures between 1998 and 2017 in Spain.
Retrospective cohort study. Analysis of
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, Loprinzi, Veronese, Yao, Zhang and Yu.Previous studies have indicated that holistic face processing is important for the development of face perception. The purpose of this study was to verify the development trajectory of holistic processing, from older childhood to young adulthood, using the complete composite paradigm. Participants from three different age groups (children, adolescents, young adults) were recruited for th
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Introduction:Quantum computing is transforming the way we compute information, offering unprecedented capabilities that traditional computers cannot match. Exploring its principles is crucial for anyone interested in technology, as it’s poised to alter many industries.
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We report the case of a 60-year-old female patient with a history of hypertension and dyslipidemia, who suddenly presented with a clinical picture of emotional lability, disorientation, complex visual hallucinations and persecutory delusions. There were no associated neurological findings in her initial physical examination. At a local hospital she was initially diagnosed with late-onset b
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Consideration for neuromuscular ultrasound to augment training and/or real time guidance in EMG practice may be appropriate.
To compare the responses in knee joint muscle activation patterns to different perturbations during gait in healthy subjects.
Nine healthy participants were subjected to perturbed walking on a split-belt treadmill. Four perturbation ty
AcevedoOlsson4485
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Single-cell bisulfite sequencing (scBS-seq) enables profiling of DNA methylation at single-nucleotide resolution and across all genomic features. It can explore methylation differences between cells in mixed cell populations and profile methylation in very rare cell types, such as mammalian oocytes and cells from early embryos. Here, we outline the scBS-seq protocol in a 96-well plate format applicable to studies of
StephensSmedegaard7312
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This study provides a valuable framework for further explorations of innate immunity and the immune response in mollusks.This review sought to use high-level published data sources for system knowledge translation, collaborative enhanced maternal education and understanding, and prospective maternal quality and safety care planning. The goal was to answer the following question What are the short- and lon
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Noteworthily, a full recovery of all the parameters was observed at the end of the experiment, while DB-PSCs showed only a partial recovery under the same conditions. Hence, the complete release of solvent from the carbon contact, before an interface is established with the perovskite layer, offers a definite advantage through the long period of operation in preventing irreversible degradation. Our findings indeed hi
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It is not concluded whether the association between olfactory dysfunction and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) were worsen cognitive function in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). We sought to evaluate the impact of these symptoms in PD.
We examined 62 patients with PD using an olfactory test (Odor Stick Identification Test for Japanese OSIT-J) and polysomnogra
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Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for treatment of blunt traumatic aortic injuries (BTAIs) is nowadays the gold standard technique in adult patients, replacing gradually the use of open repair (OR). Although randomized controlled trials will never be performed comparing TEVAR to OR for BTAIs management, trauma and vascular societies guidelines today primarily recommend the former for BTAI patients with a suitable an
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This study aimed to describe sac ligation and sequential closure for the management of giant omphalocele (GO) and analyze its outcomes.
The medical records of 13 neonates with GO treated at a tertiary general hospital between July 2012 and April 2020 were reviewed. Sac ligation and progressive external compression were performed on most cases immediately after birth. St
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Coal fly ash and kaolin are ceramic compounds utilized as raw materials in the production of refractories. Fly ash is an environmental pollutant that emanates abundantly from coal thermal power plants. The management of the large amounts of fly ash produced has been very challenging, with serious economic and environmental consequences. Kaolin, on the other hand, is a natural
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To explore the clinical effect of comprehensive rehabilitation nursing intervention on hemiplegia patients in the sequela stage of stroke.
Patients with knee reflex after stroke were divided into the treatment group and the control group. Patients in the control group received Activities of Daily Living (ADL) training. Patients in the treatment group received comprehensive rehabili
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Elevations in peripheral inflammatory markers have been reported in patients with psychosis. Whether this represents an inflammatory process defined by individual or subgroups of markers is unclear. Further, relationships between peripheral inflammatory marker elevations and brain structure, cognition, and clinical features of psychosis remain unclear. We hypothesized that a pattern of plasma inflammatory marke
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Proteases are often used as biomarkers of many pathologies as well as of microbial contamination and infection. Therefore, extensive efforts are devoted to the development of protease sensors. Some applications would benefit from wireless monitoring of proteolytic activity at minimal cost, e.g., sensors embedded in care products like wound dressings and diapers to track wound and urinary infections. Pass
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In this multi-center study, we provide a systematic evaluation of the clinical variability associated with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) to determine how these signs can impact outcomes. A total of 156 ABI patients with a disorder of consciousness (DoC) were admitted to neurorehabilitation subacute units (intensive rehabilitation unit; IRU) and evaluated
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Their own unmet expectations of clinicians made them feel unsafe, objectified, and helpless and resulted in distrust in professionals, low adherence, and in some cases, dropping out of care and lower quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Nurses who focused on building a relationship with young adults rather than on operational tasks established trust and l
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Objective Evidence for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism during exercise is mainly based on transgenic mouse models with chronic (lifelong) disruption of AMPK function. Findings based on such models are potentially biased by secondary effects related to a chronic lack of AMPK function. In an attempt to study the direct effect(s) of AMPK on muscle metabolism during exercise,
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© 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.Background Patients with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and thromboembolism (TE) are at risk for recurrent TE. Few studies, however, distinguish patients based on the initial event. Objectives We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate patients with aPL and venous TE (VTE), provoked or unprovoked, and patients with arte
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317 pg TEQ/g fat in Coltauco and 6.31 pg TEQ/g fat in Arica. Molina had a total TEQ of 5.50 pg TEQ/g fat. The contribution of PCDD/Fs was approximately five-fold higher than that of DL-PCBs. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of ∑ PCDDs/Fs + DL-PCBs based on the three pooled samples ranged between 6.71 and 26.28 pg TEQ/kg body weight (bw)/day, with a mean intake of 16.11 (±6.71) pg TEQ/kg bw/day in breastfed chil
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Patients had grey matter volume increases in the temporal and limbic lobes and decrease in the superior temporal gyrus. The corresponding structural and functional alterations emphasize the relevance of the visual association cortex for visual snow syndrome. The broad structural and functional footprint, however, confirms the clinical impression that the disorder extends beyond the visual system. © The Author(s) (2020).
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When you’re entrusted with producing a gas engineering proposition, it’s necessary to grasp your client’s demands and the governing landscape. You’ll want to lay out clear project purposes and present a comprehensive budget plan. Incorporating aesthetic aids can enhance clarity, yet it’s similarly important to ensure your proposal moves rationally. As you
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You can encourage someone you know who is suffering from mental health issues to seek out help. You can also talk to the nearest clinic that provides free and low-cost treatment. You can also reach a helpline, such as 2-1-1 in New York State.
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Introduction:In today’s dynamic world, effective communication has become more crucial than ever. Whether you’re interacting with colleagues, cultivating relationships, or sharing information, mastering the art of communication is essential. explores the fundamental aspects of effective communication, offering practical tips to enhance your skills.
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At 12 km grid spacing, grid-scale and subgrid-scale ACI processes are comparable in magnitude and spatial coverage, but random perturbations in grid-scale-ACI impacts make the overall grid-scale-ACI impact appear muted. This competing behavior of grid and subgrid-scale clouds complicate the understanding of ACI at 12 km within the current WRF modeling framework. The work implies including subgrid-scale-cloud microp
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In the ever-evolving digital landscape, understanding SEO is vital for digital marketers and businesses alike. With countless pages vying for attention, mastering the art of SEO content ensures your online platform stands out. This article will walk you through the important aspects of crafting SEO-optimized content.
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To assess whether the additional training with transabdominal ultrasound may improve the accuracy of the transvaginal digital examination in the assessment of the fetal head position during the active stage of labor.
Prospective observational study involving 2 residents in their 1 st year of training in Obstetrics with no prior experience in neither transvaginal digital examination nor ultrasound
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Mesenchymal stem cells are one of the most attractive sources for stem cell research and therapy. Their safety and efficacy have been demonstrated in many clinical trials. Because of their low immunogenicity and immunomodulatory properties, allogenic MSCs have been transplanted in different clinical studies. MSCs could be in different adult- and fetal-derived tissues including pregnancy products. Placenta-derived mesenchyma
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In today’s dynamic society, strong interpersonal skills has become more important than ever. Whether in the workplace, navigating personal relationships, or working to advance professionally, the ability to articulate messages clearly and confidently is a foundation of success. This resource will outline key principles of becoming
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4 Bq·L-1. On the other hand, considering the cost and potential environmental impact of present available cocktails, the system with 20-ml vials is recommended for determining the sample with the specific activity higher than 2 Bq·L-1.Three new ruthenium(II) complexes were synthesized from different substituted isothiazole ligands 5-(methylamino)-3-pyrrolidine-1-ylisothiazole-4-carbonitrile (1), 5-(methylamino)
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Forest plots were used to present the pooled prevalence and odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval of meta-analysis using the random effect model. In total, 23 studies comprising 7,579 pregnant women across ten countries in Africa were included in this meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of seropositive toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in Africa was 51.01% (95% CI; 37.66, 64.34). The heterogeneity test showed t
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DNA methylation is a key epigenetic regulator contributing to cancer development. To understand the role of DNA methylation in tumorigenesis, it is important to investigate and compare differential methylation (DM) patterns between normal and case samples across different cancer types. However, current pan-cancer analyses call DM separately for each cancer, which suffers from lower statistical power and fails to pr
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Easy crystallization distinguishes xylitol from other sugars, which usually condense into a syrup from aqueous solution. Although two polymorphs, i.e. metastable monoclinic and high-density orthorhombic, have been reported for xylitol, only the latter is in practical use. Under high pressure, the same orthorhombic phase has been obtained by both isothermal and isochoric recrystall
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Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a non-invasive technique suitable for assessing mechanical properties of tissues, i.e., stiffness. MRE of the pancreas is relatively new, but recently an increasing number of studies have successfully assessed pancreas diseases with MRE aiming to differentiate healthy from pathological pancreatic tissue with or without fibrosis. This review will systematically desc
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90; 95% CI = 1.18-3.08; P = 0.009), and higher parity (AOR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.04-1.79; P = 0.024) were independently associated with HBV infection in pregnancy.
The prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women was high, especially among those without prior vaccination for HBV, those with HIV co-infection and higher parity.
The prevalence of HBV infection amo
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ECVM significantly increased the efficiency of AAV reaching and transducing the rabbit retina following intravitreal injection, with gene expression in inner nuclear layer, ganglion cells, and Müller cells. Similar trend of improvement was observed in the ECVM-treated monkey eye. The electric micro-current upregulated bFGF expression in Müller cells and vimentin showed ILM structural changes in mouse retina.
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Most injuries (90%) occurred due to falls. On average, patients in 2020 presented 4.8 days after the injury onset as compared to 0.7 days in 2019 (p less then 0.05). There was an increase in displaced fractures in 2019 compared to 2020 and an increase in patients’ disposition into rehabilitation facilities compared to skilled nursing facilities. Despite the delay in presentation, length of stay, days in the ICU, or func
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The effects of l-tryptophan supplementation on secondary metabolite production in the marine-derived fungus Fusarium sp. L1 were investigated by culturing the fungus in GPY medium with and without the amino acid. HPLC analysis of the products showed distinct metabolite profiles between the two cultures. The 1H NMR spectrum of the EtOAc extract of the culture supplemented with l-tryptoph
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The combination of Al nanoparticles (ANPs) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can serve as environmentally friendly bipropellants and maximize the energetic benefits through harnessing heat release and chemical energy stored in H2. #link# This work presents an atomic insight into the combustion mechanism of ANPs/H2O2. Two main paths, including the ANPs oxidation by H2O2 to produce H2 and Al oxides, and the catalytic deco
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