Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
380,334 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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New York City State is presenting a new driver’s license and non-driver ID card with upgraded security features. These new functions are developed to help validate a document’s authenticity and avoid tampering and counterfeiting.
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These studies provide insight into the role of MCPyV T antigen expression in tumor formation in vivo and contribute to our understanding of how MCPyV may function as a human DNA tumor virus.Background and objectives Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the most burdensome psychiatric illnesses, being associated with a negative long-term outcome and the highest suicide rate. Although affective temperaments can imp
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Isolated limb infusion (ILI) is a minimally-invasive procedure for delivering high-dose regional chemotherapy to treat melanoma in-transit metastases confined to a limb. The aim of this international multi-centre study was to identify predictive factors for toxicity and response.
Data of 687 patients who underwent a first ILI for melanoma in-transit metastases confined to
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Individual differences in biological responses to stress increase risk for the onset and exacerbation of health and psychiatric conditions. Biases in cognitive disengagement are hypothesized to underlie these individual differences in biological responses to stress. However, no studies have examined which cognitive disengagement bias has the strongest relation with biological responses to stress, and no
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Amid the hustle and bustle of modern life, adopting a minimalist lifestyle has gained significant relevance. Minimalist living is not just about decluttering, but also fostering an aura of fulfillment and clarity. This piece aims to direct you on how to adopt minimalist living, focus
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Background Suicidal behavior and HIV/AIDS are vital public health challenges especially in low and middle-income countries. As suicide in adults is perturbing for those closest to them, this sentiment is much more intense and generalized in the case of a child or adolescent. Knowledge of factors associated with suicidal ideation in HIV infected children and adolescents may inform suicide pr
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Epigenetic dysregulation is one of the postulated underlying mechanisms of neural tube defects (NTDs). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a group of environmental pollutants that are reported as a risk factor of NTDs, may cause decreased genome-wide DNA methylation. With DNA extracted from neural tissues, this study identified gene(s) whose hypomethylation was related to elevated risk for NTDs and examined wh
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Ceramic pottery is a revered art form that blends functionality with beauty. As Unique train journeys of cultural heritage, it demonstrates human creativity and innovative spirit. Whether for domestic use or artistic expression, ceramic pottery continues to captivate enthusiasts and artisans alike. In , we will explore the fascinating world of ceramic pottery, u
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Background Constrictive pericarditis is a chronic inflammation of the pericardium leading to the thickening of the pericardium that restricts cardiac filling. Globally tuberculosis is the commonest aetiology of constrictive pericarditis. Though normally considered to be an irreversible pathology; which requires surgical pericardiectomy, in early stage of the disease antitubercular therapy (ATT) along with steroids
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To compare the scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein angiography (FA) findings in retrievers with a single unilateral circular retinal plaque to those of an English springer spaniel with bilateral retinal dysplasia.
A retrospective record review identified three dogs with circular retinal plaques that underwent SLO and OCT; i
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Delayed diagnosis of congenital tuberculosis (TB) in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a serious problem in terms of infection control. Here, we report our preemptive infection control activities implemented after the diagnosis of miliary TB in a mother of preterm twins (index twins, NB1 and NB2) in NICU. Added to this, we reviewed previous case reports of congenital TB exp
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The aFO-DTS accuracy decreases as the variability in soil properties and intensity of recharge events increases. Further, we show that the burial of the fiber-optic cable within soil may adversely affect calculated results. The results demonstrate the need for careful selection of calibration data for this emerging method of measuring soil moisture content.Date palm waste is an abundant agricultural residue in Tunisia and can be used
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OBJECTIVES Goal concordant or congruent care involves having expressed wishes upheld. Yet, the preferred location for end-of-life care may be unaddressed. Caregiver-patient congruence between preferred and actual locations of care may influence the quality of life in bereavement. The study aimed to explore how the congruence between caregiver-patient preferred and actual locations of death influenced well-being
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Metarhizium brunneum is a generalist entomopathogenic fungus known to be virulent against Acari. We investigated Metarhizium brunneum-7 (Mb7) interactions in three systems of phytophagous mites and their respective plant hosts Volkamer lemon (Citrus volkameriana) and the citrus rust mite Phyllocoptruta oleivora; common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae; and s
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The generation of Drosophila stable cell lines have become invaluable for complementing in vivo experiments and as tools for genetic screens. Recent advances utilizing attP/PhiC31 integrase system has permitted the creation of Drosophila cells in which recombination mediated cassette exchange (RMCE) can be utilized to generate stably integrated transgenic cell lines that contain a single copy of the transgen
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Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy is not the standard of care for breast cancer primarily because the optimal treatment duration remains unclear. This phase 2 prospective multicenter study analyzed time to progression, time to maximal response, and time to treatment failure of neoadjuvant exemestane.
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Quantum mechanics, often perceived as a challenging field, plays a pivotal role in the progress of modern technology and scientific understanding. From unraveling the behavior of subatomic particles to powering discoveries in fields like computing and materials science, this branch of physics yields a window into the basic laws of nature.
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Immunologic deficits in otitis prone children cause them to be unusually vulnerable to viral upper respiratory infections and respond inadequately to routine pediatric vaccines. Since its identification in December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has infected 125,048 persons globally with cases identified in 118 countries across all continents1. We report on the Scottish index case of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the virus causing COVID-19. The publish
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In today’s digitally advanced world, learning Python has become crucial for budding programmers and seasoned developers alike. As a multi-purpose and user-friendly programming language, Python is widely used across industries, from web development to analytics. This article explores the main ideas of Python programming, helping
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