Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
385,300 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a specific type of tumor embolism in the small and medium pulmonary arteries, leading to rapid progressive pulmonary hypertension. Antemortem diagnosis of PTTM is extremely difficult. We encountered three patients who were histopathologically or clinically diagnosed with PTTM. In all cases, lung perfused blood volume (PBV) images on dual-energy
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In a classical plasma the momentum distribution, n(k), decays exponentially, for large k, and the same is observed for an ideal Fermi gas. However, when quantum and correlation effects are relevant simultaneously, an algebraic decay, n_∞(k)∼k^-8 has been predicted. This is of relevance for cross sections and threshold processes in dense plasmas that depend on the number of energetic particles. Here we p
JeffersonMouritsen5625
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide as a pandemic throughout 2020. Since the virus uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor for cellular entry, increment of ACE2 would lead to an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. At the same time, an association of the ABO blood group system with COVID-19 has also been highli
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05). 38% of the variance of QoL was predicted by perceived body image and income of the family. 34% of the variance of psychosocial adjustment was predicted by perceived body image (p<0.05). Adolescents suffering phantom limb pain were seen to have lower QoL scores (p<0.05).
BID is an important predictor of psychosocial adjustment and QoL in adolescent amputees. Therefo
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05) changes in the liver, heart, and kidney tissues. The experimental results suggest that novel formulation SS was potentially safe for chronic administration in rats, and no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in tested parameters on day 3 and day 8 when compared to the day 0 (baseline) values in healthy volunteers. Healthy volunteers did not report any adverse effects or any other complications du
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In today’s fast-paced world, achieving a work-life balance is more important than ever in the past. As we juggle career-related and personal commitments, finding this balance can often seem elusive. Understanding the ways to efficiently handle your time can not only improve your productivity at work but also en
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Wang-Bi Capsule (WB), a traditional Chinese medicine- (TCM-) based herbal formula, is currently used in clinic for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with positive clinical effects. However, its pharmacological mechanism of action in RA is still obscure. Therefore, this study established a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice model to examine the efficacy of WB by using arthritis score, histological analysi
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Here, we demonstrate that interleukin-1β (IL-1β) contributes to the γ-ionizing radiation (IR)-induced increase of migration/invasion in A549 lung cancer cells, and that this occurs via RIP1 upregulation. We initially observed that the protein expression and secreted concentration of IL-1β were increased upon exposure of A549 cells to IR. We then demonstrated that IR-induced IL-1β is located downstream of
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Chemical biologists use chemical tools to answer biological questions. The translational application of these principles has led to an explosion in the discovery and druggability of new protein targets, including protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Proteins tend to interact with other macromolecules using relatively large and featureless binding surfaces, which has hampered traditional drug discovery efforts, particularl
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Climate change is a critical concern that affects every part of the globe. As weather patterns persist to alter, the significance of understanding its causes and impacts becomes increasingly important. This article aims to explore central aspects of climate change, providing insights and advice on how to tackle its effects.
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Effective communication is vital in today’s increasingly connected world. Whether in professional settings or daily life, the ability to convey thoughts and information accurately is a critical tool. Exploring how communication impacts relationships can assist individuals improve their social and career lives.
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Indigestible fiber-protein-phytate complexes reduce the feeding value of soy products. We investigated the effects of multienzyme supplement (MES, Victus) on standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy and minerals in roasted full-fat soybean (FFSB) seeds and expelled-extruded soybean meal (SBM) fed to growing pigs. The crude pr
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032 and P = 0.039, respectively) and drusen-associated nAMD (P = 0.01 for both comparisons) than in controls, and no difference was seen in C3a and MCP-1 levels between PNV and controls (P = 0.747 and P = 0.294, respectively). VEGF levels were significantly higher in PNV (P = 0.016), PCV (P = 0.009), and drusen-associated nAMD (P = 0.043) than in controls. In PNV, the VEGF levels elevated without elevated C3
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with dual incision steps of TC-NER were differentially regulated in photon vs. proton and carbon irradiation. Consequently, SUMO3, ALC1, POLE4, PCBP4, MUTYH expression correlated with the higher RBE of carbon ions. An interaction between the two studied parameters FA and RQ was identified (p less then 0.01, 2-way ANOVA n = 476). A comparison of genes regulated as a function of FA, RQ and RBE suggest a role for p53 interacting
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ishti, Constantinescu, Dell, Goodwin, Hashmat, Iragorri, Kaspar, Mason, Misurac, Muff-Luett, Sethna, Shah, Weng, Greenbaum and Mahan.Objective To evaluate the diagnostic utility of wall hypertrophy of the duodenal bulb with a hyperechoic lumen, designated as the “HH sign,” using ultrasound sonography (US) in pediatric duodenal ulcer (DU) patients. Study design We performed a US for five pediatric
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Intravital microscopy, such as 2-photon microscopy, is now a mainstay in immunological research to visually characterize immune cell dynamics during homeostasis and pathogen infections. This approach has been especially beneficial in describing the complex process of host immune responses to parasitic infections in vivo, such as Leishmania. Human-parasite co-evolution has endowed parasites with multiple strategies to subver
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as higher in the non-biliary pancreatitis group. In the case of biliary pancreatitis, it is suggested to perform index cholecystectomy. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(11) 413-418.
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ROS generation due to the interaction between bacteria and azorubine could be responsible for the biofilm inhibitory action of the food colorant. Findings of the in vitro studies were well supported by molecular docking and simulation analysis of azorubine and QS virulence proteins. Azorubine showed strong binding to PqsA as compared to other virulent proteins (LasR, Vfr, and QscR). Thus, it is concluded tha
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Although chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid (Cl-PFESA) has been reported to be widespread in different environmental matrices of China, its exposure data in the general Chinese population are very limited. In the present study, the serum-to-whole-blood ratio was first assessed for 62 Cl-PFESA (mean/median 2.07/1.82) based on its paired concentrations (n = 36), which allows a comparison in differ
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This paper reviews the strategies that have been reported in the literature to attempt to reinforce glass-ionomer dental cements, both conventional and resin-modified. These cements are widely used in current clinical practice, but their use is limited to regions where loading is not high. Reinforcement might extend these applications, particularly to the posterior dentition. A variety of strategies have
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Since the early 2000s, researchers have been trying to develop lower-limb exoskeletons that augment human mobility by reducing the metabolic cost of walking and running versus without a device. In 2013, researchers finally broke this ‘metabolic cost barrier’. We analyzed the literature through December 2019, and identified 23 studies that demonstrate exoskeleton designs that improved human walking a
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Approximately 10-20% of osteosarcoma patients present with metastasis on diagnosis. Completely resecting the lesion is associated with better prognosis. However, evidence regarding optimal surgical strategies for patients with unresectable metastasis is limited.
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A better characterization of study participants with SCI together with documentation of confounding factors such as antispasticity medication or neuropathic pain is indicated. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major clinical and economic challenge for health systems worldwide, and it is considered one of the leading causes of disability in young adults. The
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Two halophilic archaeal strains, Gai3-2T and NJ-3-1T, were isolated from salt lake and saline soil samples, respectively, collected in PR China. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the two strains were 97.5% similar to each other. Strains Gai3-2T and NJ-3-1T had the highest sequence similarities to ‘Halobonum tyrrellense’ G22 (96.7 and 97.8%, respectively), and displayed similarities of 91.5-93.5% and 92.3-94.7%, respectivel
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