Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
392,136 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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onservative therapy remaining the mainstay of treatment.Background Compared with anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA), reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) is associated with lower preoperative and postoperative outcome scores and range of motion. It is unknown whether patients’ preoperative expectations of surgery are lower in RTSA compared with aTSA. The purpose of this study was to assess preopera
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To explore the role of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence navigation in laparoscopic hepatectomy and investigate if the timing of its administration influences the intraoperative observation.
The subjects of this retrospective study were 120 patients who underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy; divided into an ICG-FN group (n = 57) and a non-I
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Gender bias exists in our language environment. We investigated personal name usage in two large corpora of language written for and by U.K. children aged 5-13. Study 1 found an overrepresentation of male names in children’s books, largely attributable to male authors. In stories written by over 100,000 children, Study 2 found an overall male bias that interacted with age. Younger children wrote more about their own g
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BACKGROUND Skin-limited forms of vasculitis, while lacking systemic manifestations, can persist or recur indefinitely, cause pain, itch, or ulceration, and be complicated by infection or scarring. High-quality evidence on how to treat these conditions is lacking. The aim of this comparative effectiveness study is to determine the optimal management of patients with chronic skin-limited vasculitis. METHODS ARAMIS is
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Both miners and OGE workers were significantly more likely than other manual labor workers to report smokeless tobacco use and not always wearing seatbelts. Compared with other manual labor workers, OGE workers were significantly more likely to report obesity, and miners were significantly more likely to report inadequate sleep. Conclusion/Application to Practice Prevalence of most health risk factors differed a
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Nowadays, therapeutic plasmapheresis (TP) is accepted as part of the treatment for specific groups of diseases. The availability of different methods, including double filtration and adsorption, increases selectivity for the removal of substances. However, the use of these techniques requires a thorough understanding of the characteristics and components of plasma. By considering pivotal papers from
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Microphysiological systems, including organoids, 3-D printed tissue constructs and organ-on-a-chips (organ chips), are physiologically relevant in vitro models and have experienced explosive growth in the past decades. Different from conventional, tissue culture plastic-based in vitro models or animal models, microphysiological systems recapitulate key microenvironmental characteristics of
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Grasping the meaning of a keyword is important in modern times. Whether you’re writing descriptions or learning new terms, interpreting the essence accurately can enhance your communication and engage your audience. This article will simplify the process to understand the true meaning of any given term, ensuring you deliver targ
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Although comprehensive reporting guidelines for implementation strategy use within implementation research exist, they are rarely used by clinical (i.e., efficacy and effectiveness) researchers. In this debate, we argue that the lack of comprehensive reporting of implementation strategy use and alignment of those strategies with implementation outcomes within clinical research is a missed opportunity to efficiently narro
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Since the eGFRs underestimate the true renal clearance in AKI, they are inaccurate for clinical drug dosing decisions, with the exception of the Cockcroft-Gault one, which is appropriate for the pop PK models intended for drug development purposes in AKI.Although ozone (O3) plays a crucial role in screening the Earth’s surface and lower atmosphere layers from the ultraviolet radiation, troposphere ozone is p
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Our data suggest the polypyrimidine tract in intron 7 may be a hotspot for mutations.DNA sequencing is a critical functionality in biomedical research, and technical advances that improve it have important implications for human health. Novel methods by which sequencing can be accomplished in more accurate, high-throughput, and faster ways are in development. Here, we review VLSI biosensors for nucleotide
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In contrast, forced expression of the mutated protein into normal CTLs strongly inhibited degranulation and reduced the cytolytic activity outcompeting the effect of endogenous wild-type STXBP2. Interestingly, arginine 190 is located in a structurally conserved region of STXBP2 where other f-HLH-5 mutations have been identified. Collectively, data strongly suggest that STXBP2-R190C is a deleterious variant that may act in a d
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g. Osterix/SP7 and IBSP). A combination of BMP2 (300 ng local) and GSK126 (5 μg local and 5 days of 50 mg/kg systemic) yielded more consistent bone healing than single treatments with either compound in a mouse calvarial critical-sized defect model according to results from μCT, histomorphometry, and surgical grading of qualitative X-rays. We conclude that EZH2 inhibition facilitates BMP2-mediated
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73, p = 0.0001) between mine tailings and Und over the different studied sites, which was strongly influenced by changes on physicochemical properties (pH, Corg and Nt contents, the predominance of small-sized particles of silt, and bulk density) and the presence of Se, Cr, Fe, and Ni, even at low concentrations. Our study suggests that the physicochemical properties and the presence of low bioavailable concentrations of
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Understanding of the structural changes during their aggregation and interaction is a prerequisite for establishing the precise clinical relevance of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) (involved in Type-II Diabetes Mellitus) in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease stemmed from beta-amyloid (Aβ). Herein, we show that the steady-state emission spectra obtained from photoluminescence (PL) simultaneously capture both
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A holographic near-eye display (NED) system based on complex amplitude modulation (CAM) with band-limited zone plates is proposed. The whole system mainly consists of a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM), an Abbe-Porter filter system, an eyepiece, and an image combiner. The point source method based on band limited zone plates is used to accurately control the bandwidth of the target compl
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Digital marketing is an ever-evolving field crucial for business success in today’s interconnected world. Whether you’re a entrepreneur or a marketing professional, understanding the intricacies of online promotion can significantly enhance your business growth. In this article, we will explore key aspects of digital marketing and provide practical tips to help you succeed.<
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In patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), pre-hospital markers of disease severity might be useful to potentially triage patients to undergo early interventions.
Here, we tested whether loss of consciousness (LOC) at the onset of ICH is associated with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) on brain computed tomography (CT).
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Understanding the differential diagnosis of reactive eosinophilia and the potential for overlapping clinical and pathologic findings is critical in reaching the correct diagnosis so that patients can be treated appropriately.
Reactive eosinophilia in lymph nodes and tissues may be related to both nonneoplastic and neoplastic lymphoid proliferations and histiocytic and nonhematolymphoi
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Single-pixel imaging allows for high-speed imaging, miniaturization of optical systems, and imaging over a broad wavelength range, which is difficult by conventional imaging sensors, such as pixel arrays. However, a challenge in single-pixel imaging is low image quality in the presence of undersampling. Deep learning is an effective method for solving this challenge; however, a large amount of memory is required
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However, the staining of porcine skin by dental disclosing solution was not easily removed, even with a wide range of pH solutions.
These results suggest that dental disclosing solution had strong cytotoxicity and safer alternatives are needed.
These results suggest that dental disclosing solution had strong cytotoxicity and safer alternatives are needed.
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1 ± 38.6 vs men 39.1 ± 73.5, P= .53), citations (women 14.3 ± 19.1 vs men 17.6 ± 20.8, P= .45), and to be mentioned by news outlets, blogs, patents, Facebook, Wikipedia, Mendeley, Google, LinkedIn, and Reddit. Female first and last authors achieved comparable numbers of publications and H-index scores compared with male authors.
Significant sex-based differen
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The increasing incidence of chronic liver disease (CLD) in the UK may be attributed to a rise in preventable risk factors, including hazardous alcohol use and type 2 diabetes. Transient elastography (TE) can rapidly stratify risk of CLD in primary care populations and provide an opportunity to raise patient awareness of risk factors.This study explores patients’ experiences of TE sc
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Access to water and sanitation remain a challenge in many developing countries, especially in pro-poor urban informal settlements where socioeconomic livelihoods are generally low. The aim of this study was to characterise the water and sanitation facilities in the informal settlements of Kisumu City and to evaluate their effect on community
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Finally, the Cauchy-Gaussian mutation strategy is adopted to enhance the capability of the algorithm to get rid of stagnation. The results of simulation demonstrate that the routes generated by CASSA are preferable to the sparrow search algorithm (SSA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), artificial bee colony (ABC), and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) under the identical environment, which means that CASSA is more effic
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Being conscious is no longer just a trend; it’s a lifestyle choice that promises great advantages for psychological and bodily well-being. This write-up will explore how practicing mindfulness can significantly better your daily life.
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Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection causes severe inflammation and is a highly contagious disease in poultry. Virulent NDV strains (GM) induce large quantities of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which is the central mediator of the inflammatory reaction. Excessive expression of IL-1β exacerbates inflammatory damage. Therefore, exploring the mechanisms underlying NDV-induced IL-1β expression
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Understanding the evolution of human intelligence is an important undertaking in the science of human genetics. A great deal of biological research has been conducted to search for genes which are related to the significant increase in human brain volume and cerebral cortex complexity during hominid evolution. However, genetic changes affecting intelligence in hominid evolution have remained elusive. We
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In today’s dynamic world, artificial intelligence has emerged as a game-changer across industries. From enhancing efficiency to enabling smarter decisions, AI is redefining the manner we interact. Whether ‘re a professional in the tech space or simply curious, understanding the impact of AI can unlock numerous possibilities.<
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ardless of the type of PCs transfused and of their process. The dysregulated proteins included mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein (SLC25A20), which is involved in a fatty acid oxidation disorder; calumenin (CALU); and multimerin-1 (MMRN1), which is chiefly involved in platelet activation and degranulation. Dysregulated platelet protein pathways for ATRs that occurred with S
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These represent a source of targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies and prognostic biomarkers of HCC.After its initial development, the nervous system matures to connect and shape the neuronal circuitry and to keep it functional in humans for decades. Here we conceptualize neuronal maturation as a research field that will have, we would argue, a strong impact on understanding the healthy and diseas
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The United Kingdom’s COVID-19 epidemic during early 2020 was one of world’s largest and was unusually well represented by virus genomic sampling. We determined the fine-scale genetic lineage structure of this epidemic through analysis of 50,887 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genomes, including 26,181 from the UK sampled throughout the country’s first wave of infec
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PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy with poor patient prognosis and a high mortality rate. Akt, a serine/threonine kinase is at the crossroad of cell survival, the progression of the cell cycle, cell signaling, cell growth, cell division, and inactivation of pro-apoptotic factors. The inhibition of Akt is an effective therapeutic strategy against HCC. In this study,
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Photoshop plays a crucial role in today’s online world. Whether you are a beginner, it offers countless possibilities to improve your photographs. This piece delves into key aspects of mastering photo editing software.
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CONTEXT The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation sought to review the initial management of non-vigorous newborns delivered through meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF). OBJECTIVE To complete a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing endotracheal intubation and suctioning to immediate resuscitation without intubation for non-vigorous infants born at ≥34 weeks gestation delivered through MSAF. D
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One of the most important methods that psychological scientists use to understand behavior and cognition is theorizing. Increasingly, theorizing is used to support not only additive hypotheses, but also multiplicative ones. And yet, authors often struggle to provide adequate theoretical justifications for multiplicative hypotheses. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, W. Mischel averred
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Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are crucial global health issues. Uganda continues to sustain a huge burden of HIV and AIDS.
A cross-sectional health facility-based assessment was performed in November and December 2016 in Karamoja Region, northern Uganda. All the 126 health facilities (HFs
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It is probable that pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 have no fever before delivery. Their primary initial manifestations were merely low-grade postpartum fever or mild respiratory symptoms. Therefore, the protective measures are necessary on admission; the instant CT scan and real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction assay should be helpful in early diagnosis and avoid cross-infection o
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Observing the mind mainly because it (United nations)Holds: Experiment with Synchronization Pertains to Distractor-Response Joining.
Background Resorption of the cartilage framework results from hematoma or infection, deteriorating outcomes in microtia reconstruction. Delayed resorption still occurs for unclear reasons in patients without adverse events. The risk factors for delayed framework resorption were explored in this
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Asymptomatic and symptomatic patients may transmit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but their clinical features and immune responses remain largely unclear. We aimed to characterise the clinical features and immune responses of asymptomatic and symptomatic patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
We collected clinical, laboratory and epidemiological records o
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