Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
398,012 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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In conclusion, trace irrigation at 30 cm underground was suitable for cotton irrigation at China’s Inner Mongolia, while the D50 irrigation regime influenced the cotton yield via drought stress in cotton plants.The aim of this study was to investigate genetic structures and expression of blaOXA-58 gene in five Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates recovered from two hospitals in southern V
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Dermoid of the middle ear involving the eustachian tube usually appears in children of early age. Surgical resection with assistance of endoscope has satisfying outcome for these cases.This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https//www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/
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The source code and data of ProtFold-DFG can be downloaded from http//bliulab.net/ProtFold-DFG/download.Disabled people may be disproportionately impacted by the response to the COVID-19 outbreak because of the kinds of countermeasures needed to tackle it, and serious disruptions to the services on which they rely. There are reports from the disability community in England and elsewhere that measures taken to c
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Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) protein is the core signaling adaptor in the RNA signaling pathway. Thus, appropriate regulation of MAVS expression is essential for antiviral immunity against RNA virus infection. However, the regulation of MAVS expression at the mRNA level especially at the post transcriptional level is not well-defined. Here, it is reported that the MAVS mRNA undergoes N6 -methyladenosin
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The adoption of these measures was significantly influenced by animal inventory, climate knowledge, livestock working hours, livestock experience, distance of veterinary hospital, and livestock-related training/workshops. Government needs to increase technical and logistic capacity of veterinary doctors, and should create awareness among small livestock farmers through media.Atmospheric contamination by heav
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Further trials are required to understand the utility of fibrinogen concentrate as a first-line therapy in spine surgery and to understand the importance of target fibrinogen levels and subsequent dosing and administration to allow recommendations to be made in this field.
Multiple studies have looked at the role of fibrinogen for acute bleeding in the operative setting. The current evidence regard
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The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with time delay to emergency medical services for patients with suspected ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
This observational study involved 1994 suspected ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients presenting to the emergency medical services in Melbourne, Australia, between October 2011-January 2014. Factors associated with d
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The concept of green living is gaining popularity across the globe. With an growing awareness of environmental issues, many are searching for methods to reduce their effect on the environment. This write-up delves into the importance of green lifestyle and provides practical tips to embrace sustainable habits.
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A theoretical model of the pyloric channel, approximated as a two-dimensional tube with sinusoidal corrugation, is developed to estimate the degree of resistance offered by the pylorus to transpyloric flow (gastric emptying and duodenogastric reflux) in the viscous regime. Study indicates that the resistance of the channel depends on pressure gradient, flow behavior index and channel diameter. Flow is
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To assess how different driver power amplitudes affect the measurement of liver stiffness in pediatric liver magnetic resonance elastography (MRE).
From January 2018 to May 2018, pediatric patients (≤ 18years) who underwent liver MRE with 20% and 56% driver power amplitudes were included in this retrospective study. Region-of-interests (ROIs) were drawn on four stiffness maps to include t
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The misuse of legal and illegal substances has led to an increase in substance use disorder (SUD) in the United States. Although primary prevention strategies have been successfully used to target chronic physical diseases, these strategies have been less effective with SUD, given misconceptions of SUD, shortages in behavioral health professionals, and the population-based focus on specific substances. A develop
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Thermal modification was simply performed on molybdenite to enhance the adsorption of Pb(II) in aqueous solutions, and the root of this phenomenon was well studied in this work. Various thermal modification temperatures at 300 °C, 400 °C and 500 °C were applied to modify the surface property of molybdenite, producing different degrees of edge defect and surface wettability in molybdenite samples
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· Guerreiro H, Avanesov M, Dinnies S et al. Efficiency of Percuta
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Smartphones have evolved into essential tools, incorporating functions that cater in order to diverse user requirements. From hardware advancements to software optimizations, these devices today serve as the hub for interaction, entertainment, and production.
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Our results are potentially important for realizing tunable light-mediated interactions between charged particles.The Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research at the Institute for Basic Science is searching for axion dark matter using ultralow temperature microwave resonators. We report the exclusion of the axion mass range 10.7126-10.7186 μeV with near Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov (KSVZ) coupling sensitivity
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Joint injury can cause posttraumatic inflammation, which if severe enough can lead to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), a progressive and debilitating condition. Posttraumatic inflammation is characterized by an influx of T lymphocytes and upregulation of inflammatory cytokines and degradative enzymes by activated chondrocytes and synoviocytes. Intra-articular bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) injec
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etting.The diuretic effect of 3-demethyl-2-geranyl-4-prenylbellidypholine xanthone (DGP) and 1,5,8-trihydroxy-4′,5′-dimethyl-2H-pyrano(2,33,2)-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl) xanthone (TDP), two natural prenylated xanthones, was investigated in female normotensive (NTR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The rats received a single treatment with DGP, TDP, hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), or vehicle (VEH) after an oral l
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Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae contributes to polymicrobial pneumonia in domestic sheep. Elucidation of host genetic influences of M. ovipneumoniae nasal detection has the potential to reduce the incidence of polymicrobial pneumonia in sheep through implementation of selective breeding strategies. Nasal mucosal secretions were collected from 647 sheep from a large US sheep flock. Ewes of three breeds (Polypay n = 222, Ramboui
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Crop diversification, investments in rural infrastructure and well-functioning markets can move rural India towards more nutrition sensitive food environments.Understanding heterogeneity of consumers’ food choice is critical in formulating tailored nutrition interventions. To illustrate this, we survey urban and rural consumers from low- and middle-income households in eastern India to unravel five sources of h
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Moreover, an alanine scan is used to unearth the contribution of specific amino acid residues to biological activity. Subsequent interpretation in terms of a structural model describing the location and orientation of pseudodesmin A in a membrane environment, allows first insight in the peptide-membrane interactions involved. The biological screening also identified residue positions that appear less sensitive to conser
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Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide despite the recent advent of highly effective direct-acting antivirals. The envelope glycoproteins of HCV are heavily glycosylated with a high proportion of high-mannose glycans (HMGs), which serve as a shield against neutralizing antibodies and assist in the interaction with cell-entry receptors. However, there
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The value of intravenous oxycodone compared to morphine remains controversial. The purpose of this trial was to compare opioid-related adverse events (ORAES) of intravenous oxycodone and morphine after total hip arthroplasty.
Patients scheduled for total hip arthroplasty were enrolled in this study of post-operative pain treatment with intravenous oxycodone or intrav
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Brain metastasis (BM) is a common malignant event in lung cancer. Here, we recruited 33 lung cancer patients with brain oligo-metastasis to explore the genomic features and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of the lung and BM independently. For genomic profiling, targeted sequencing was performed. We found that high-frequent ZFHX3 occurred in the lung (40%) and brain tumor (28%), which might relate
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I analyze the long-term health impacts of Nepal’s 1996-2006 civil conflict. I use information on monthly conflict incidents at the village level, which allows me to identify the effects of exposure to conflict more accurately than prior studies. I exploit the heterogeneity in conflict intensity across villages and birth cohorts to document the impacts on adult stature and intergenerational health. I find that childhood exposure
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A T. spiralis serine protease 1.2 (TsSP1.2) was identified in the muscle larvae (ML) and intestinal larvae surface/excretory-secretory (ES) proteins by immunoproteomics. The aim of this study was to determine the TsSP1.2 function in the process of T. spiralis intrusion, growth and reproduction by using RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi was used to silence the expression of TsSP1.2 mRNA and protein in the nematode. On 2 days aft
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Treatment with HT is associated with decreased systemic and microglial expression of C1q, decreased systemic C5a levels, and decreased microglial and neuronal deposition of C3 and C9. The effect of HT on cytokines was variable with decreased expression of pro and anti-inflammatory effectors. HT treatment was associated with decreased C1q binding on cells undergoing apoptosis.
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Conclusion T-cell replete HCT from HIDs using an ATG-containing reduced intensity conditioning regimen may be a reasonable option in the absence of matched related donors in patients with acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. © 2020 Korean Society of Hematology.Background DNMT3A mutations occur in approximately 20% of AML cases and are associated with changes in DNA methylation. CDKN2B plays an important role in the
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The evaluation of donor lungs heavily depends on the subjective judgment of the retrieval surgeon. As a consequence, acceptance rates vary significantly among transplant centers. We aimed to determine donor ventilation parameters in a prospective study and test if they could be used as objective quality criteria during organ retrieval.
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Aquaponics, a sustainable farming method that blends aquaculture with hydroponics, is rapidly gaining traction around the world. This integrated approach to farming delivers a solution to various environmental challenges while boosting agricultural productivity. In this article, we will delve into the benefits and principles of aquaponics, offering valu
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An improved U-Net network combining SE, ASPP, and residual structures is developed for automatic liver segmentation from CT images. This new model shows a great improvement on the accuracy compared to other closely related models, and its robustness to challenging problems, including small liver regions, discontinuous liver regions, and fuzzy liver boundaries, is also well demonstrated and validat
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This article investigates whether goal-directed learning of pictures leads to multiple mental representations which are differently useful for different purposes. The paper further investigates the effects of prompts on picture processing. 136 undergraduate students were presented maps of a fictitious city. One half of the participants were instructed to learn their map as prepa
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Disruptions of white matter microstructure have been widely reported in schizophrenia. However, the emergence of these alterations during preclinical stages remains poorly understood. 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11.2DS) represents a unique model to study the interplay of different risk factors that may impact neurodevelopment in premorbid psychosis. To identify the impact of genetic predisposition for
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