Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
402,676 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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A facile one-pot method for synthesis of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) has been developed. The formation of BSA-AuNCs took only 30 s under mild conditions. BSA-AuNCs exhibited strong orange-yellow fluorescence, and the excitation and emission peaks were at 370 nm and 564 nm, respectively. In the process of forming BSA-AuNCs, the molecular chain of BSA has not been destroyed. Moreover, there w
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OBJECTIVE Familial dysalbuminaemic hyperthyroxinemia (FDH), most commonly due to an Arginine to Histidine mutation at residue 218 (R218H) in the albumin gene, causes artefactual elevation of free thyroid hormones in euthyroid individuals. We have evaluated the susceptibility of most current free thyroid hormone immunoassay methods used in the UK, Europe and Far East to interference by R21
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FI-6934 clinical trial
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You can deduce that the plant associated with plants of S. microglossa showed anti inflammatory activity, and the phenolic substances contained in this species may be responsible for this task.Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is connected with a rise of premature appearance of a few conditions such as for example cardiac complications. Hence, we try the theory that a mix
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Standard nitinol stents (SNS), with or without drug eluting technology, are an essential tool within the interventional armamentarium in the treatment of patients with peripheral arterial disease. However, they are plagued by a number of limitations a.) stent fractures, although observed predominately in first-generation stents, do still occur in state-of-the art stent platforms, b.) lack of radial strength, resulting i
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helpful in assessment of risk stratifications of gastric GISTs. • OEGM is an independent predictor for high-risk stratification of gastric GISTs. • Incomplete OEGM likely indicates high-risk stratification of gastric GISTs.
To compare lesion features extracted from
F-FDG PET/CT images acquired on analog and digital scanners, on consecutive imaging data from the
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It also highlights the management of irAEs according to their toxicity grading and specifically discusses the instances in which corticosteroids should be administered and/or the immune checkpoint inhibitors should be withheld. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press and Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.Following initial success in melanoma and lung tumours, immune checkpoint
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7%). Only 29.7% of patients met the Physical Activity Guidelines Recommendations, with no major differences across regions. Patients with liver stiffness <10kPa were more likely to report any vigorous activity, and sitting time was an independent factor associated with high CAP. Tea and coffee consumption were independently associated with high CAP and liver stiffness, respectively.
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Clinical Relevance- We map hemodynamic lag using breathhold fMRI, providing insight into vascular transit times and improving the regional accuracy of cerebrovascular reactivity measurements.The susceptibility-based positive contrast MR technique was applied to estimate arbitrary magnetic susceptibility distributions of the metallic devices using a kernel deconvolution algorithm with a regularized L-1 minimization. Pr
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and validate the Simplified Chinese version of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (SC-LEFS). Methods The original English version of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale was translated and cross-culturally adapted into Simplified Chinese according to international guidelines. The SC-LEFS and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey were administered to 213 patients
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Equations predicting age at peak height velocity (APHV) are often used to assess somatic maturity and to adjust training load accordingly. However, information on the intra-individual accuracy of APHV in youth athletes is not available.
The purpose of this study is to assess the accuracy of predication equations for the estimation of APHV in individual youth male football
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Due to the lack of specific early detection methods for pancreatic cancer, it usually goes undetected until it is advanced. By employing paper-based electrodes (PPE), herein we for the first time developed a disposable low-cost paper-based immunosensor for rapid early quantitative detection of pancreatic cancer with a new biomarker, pseudopodium-enriched atypical kinase one, SGK269 (PEAK1). The immunos
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The highest survival was observed in a native soil strain (S20) while the lowest in MM40. The low survival in MM40 and in the other treatments may be explained by the higher herbivory observed in those seedlings compared to control ones, suggesting a higher nutritional status in inoculated plants. Strains from refuse dumps were the best at enhancing seedling growth, while strains from soil we
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Boom trucks are an essential piece of equipment in various industries, including construction, utility maintenance, and tree service. These versatile vehicles combine the functionality of a crane with the mobility of a truck, making them indispensable for lifting and transporting heavy loads. As with any capital investment, it is crucial for businesses to consider the resale value of
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The excessive autophagy induced by high glucose was deleterious to proliferation and differentiation of primary osteoblasts. Additionally, biochemical studies identified that PI3K/Akt signaling could be activated by 1,25D, resulting in the inhibition of FoxO1. We confirmed that FoxO1 deficiency alleviated high glucose-induced autophagy and improved biological functions of primary osteoblasts. Together, our results sug
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Al-normalized Mn and Fe concentrations showed small peaks down-core, indicating diagenetic remobilization. Vertical REE profiles have shown that post-deposition processes might contribute to the patterns in the abundances of the ΣREE and their fractionation at the surface and subsurface mangrove soils. Below the top 15 cm, diagenetic alteration after burial is not leading to substantial variation in the LREE/HREE profiles. Th
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This study addressed ICU survivors’ barriers and facilitators to recovery. Participants encountered several barriers to recovery at home, such as physical, cognitive, psychosocial, financial, and transportation barriers, however, these survivors were also resilient and resourceful in the development of strategies to try to manage their recovery at home. These result
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Nine IMGs participated in the Online Bridging Program from 2018 to 2020. All nine participated in the survey and eight in the interviews. Responses to the online survey were almost unanimously positive, suggesting its effectiveness in assisting the IMGs’ transitions into fellowship. The interviews revealed four major themes the importance of combining online modules and live sessions, reducing the f
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Five out of 10 quality criteria were met by all the studies included, based on an assessment performed using the critical appraisal skills program. CONCLUSIONS This is the first synthesis of qualitative studies that address POP-related experiences of women, highlighting five superordinate themes, of which treatment was the most commonly reported one. This synthesis’ findings may guide quantitative research priorities and will
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Obesity is an epidemic in New York City, the global epicenter of the coronavirus pandemic. Previous studies suggest that obesity is a possible risk factor for adverse outcomes in COVID-19.
To elucidate the association between obesity and COVID-19 outcomes.
Retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 hospitalized patients tested betw
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From the results, it can be concluded that TH17 infiltration has a more significant effect on graft outcome and response to rejection therapy.
From the results, it can be concluded that TH17 infiltration has a more significant effect on graft outcome and respon
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Lipid panels are a commonly performed test in clinical laboratories. Due to the high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases around the world, it is common to see serum or plasma specimens with high results for one or more components of the lipid panel. Exceedingly low results, however, are rare and may be attributed to certain genetic, infectious, or autoimmune conditions in addition to analytical interfe
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Results Effect sizes from 12 studies, sampling 4673 adolescents, were synthesized. Sexual health interventions improved abstinence (d = 0.15, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.28), condom use (d = 0.44, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.70), number of sex partners (d = -0.19, 95% CI -0.37 to -0.001), and sexual health knowledge (d = 0.40, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.70), compared with control conditions. Effects were consistent across a number of demogr
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Ventricular assist devices continue to play a significant role in the surgical management of advanced heart failure. Left ventricular assist devices in particular have seen a rapid evolution in design, technology, implantation, and outcomes. This concise review focuses on the key data that have been published in the past 5 years that have demonstrated this rapid evolution in left-sided mechanical circ
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Furthermore, CS is an effective alternative model of intraperitoneal polymicrobial sepsis in adult mice and can now be considered the “gold standard” for experiments in neonatal mice.Implantation of bacteria embedded in a fibrin clot allows for successful establishment of sepsis in preclinical models. This model allows the investigator to modulate the strain of bacteria as well as the bacterial load delivered. As
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Most of owls are nocturnal raptor and usually use their soft and fluffy feathers to flight silently to catch prey while other diurnal raptors prefer fierce attack and swift flight. For energy cost of these different hunting strategies can be greatly different, we speculate that mitochondrial gene of owls may undergo a different evolution pattern following raptors evolution. To test our hypothesis, we
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Fatty acid uptake and accumulation in lipid droplets are essential processes of lipid metabolism. Oocyte in vitro culture in media enriched with fatty acid is used to modify the lipid content and composition, aiming to study the consequences of obesity and enhance cell cryotolerance. We applied Raman spectroscopy and deuterium labeling approach to quantify stearic acid uptake and investigate its incorporation within oocytes.
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Nigeria has the highest incidence of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) in the world. However, data on PPCM-related outcomes are limited.
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This study consecutively recruited 244 PPCM patients (median 7months postpartu
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Hand-powered centrifugal microfluidics combined with isothermal nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) have been one of the most promising rapid detection platforms in resource-limited settings. However, current hand-powered centrifuges still suffer from customized instrument-based operation and low rotation rate; and most isothermal NAAT were conducted with complicated reaction syste
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LY2228820
Image-text matching aims to measure the similarities between images and textual descriptions, which has made great progress recently. The key to this cross-modal matching task is to build the latent semantic alignment between visual objects and words. Due to the widespread variations of sentence structures, it is very difficult to learn the latent semantic alignment using only global cross-modal features. Many previous
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