Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
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This Essay will examine the professional relationship of Perkin, Jr. and Robinson as revealed in their joint publications on the structure of strychnine.The effectiveness of on-farm continuous flow high-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization (i.e., 72°C for 15 s) for the inactivation of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in milk was investigated with a sheep bioassay. Four sheep that had been ino
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Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) occurs when the pelvic organs (bladder, bowel or uterus) herniate into the vagina, causing incontinence, voiding, and bowel and sexual dysfunction, negatively impacting upon a woman’s quality of life. Intermediate intermolecular cross-links and advanced glycation cross-links increase in prolapsed tissue. Stem cells are able to participate in tissue repair due to their ability to differentiate
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Probiotics supplementation has emerged as adjuvant therapy for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in recent years. However, the effects of probiotic preparations on serum inflammatory cytokine levels are still highly controversial and poorly documented. Therefore, we performed the protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to further clarify the effects of probiotic preparations in CKD patients.
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Early fault detection of induced draft (ID) fans is very important to improve the reliability by providing predictive maintenance and reducing unscheduled shutdowns. This study proposed an early fault detection method for ID fans based on MSET with informative memory matrix selection. Firstly, to obtain an informative memory matrix, the discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO) was utilized to search sample
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As our community becomes more health conscious, people are starting up to look for choice forms of medicine to treat their very own ailments. One such alternative is osteopathy, a holistic method to healthcare that targets the whole body rather than9124 the symptoms of a particular illness. Osteopathic treatment centers are becoming significantly popular as people realize the countless rewards of this distinctive type of treatment.
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A transfer learning approach is proposed to classify grouper species by their courtship-associated sounds produced during spawning aggregations. Vessel sounds are also included in order to potentially identify human interaction with spawning fish. Grouper sounds recorded during spawning aggregations were first converted to time-frequency representations. Two types of time frequency representations we
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However, endocytosis is not a final fate. Once internalized into endosomes, IChs are either sorted to lysosomes for degradation or recycled back to the plasma membrane. Rab proteins are crucial participants during these turnover steps. In this review, we describe the major ICh endocytic pathways, the signaling inputs triggering ICh internalization, and the key mediators of this essential cellular process.Despi
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Due to the strong exchange interaction between the layers, the combined system also shows a robust temperature-based memory effect. Spin-polarized density functional theory was also calculated to confirm the interface interaction and its quantitative evaluation by means of Bader charge analysis and charge-density mapping.
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In the fast-paced digital age, technological change has emerged as a vital factor for growth in today’s enterprises. Understanding its importance is key for navigating the challenging marketplace. This article seeks to dive into the nuances of this subject, providing clarity and guidance for business leaders and experts equally.
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Furthermore, we defined the average distance between the particular behavioral map and vertices with significant functional connectivity as connectivity distance. Our results demonstrated that intelligence and emotional intelligence mapped to different brain regions at different ages. Additionally, intelligence was related to a wider distance range compared to emotional intelligence.
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In today’s fast-paced era, the ability to understand complex topics has become a vital skill, whether you’re navigating your education, advancing in your career, or exploring new ideas. Difficult ideas may seem intimidating at first, but with the proper strategies, they can be broken down and mastered. will pro
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IntroductionIn today’s rapidly advancing tech world, connected living has become a key part of contemporary homes. Connected living spaces provide enhanced convenience and security, changing the way we interact with our homes. In , we’ll delve into the essential features of smart home technology.
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Nutrition remains a relevant issue until the end of life, both for patients and their relatives. This is particularly true for palliative patients with advanced head and neck cancer. In addition to local problems caused by the disease and its treatment, patients suffer from social aspects such as isolation, decreasing strength, and reduced mobility. Effective nutritional counselling and therapy are nec
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This study describes one potential molecular target for the suppression of breast cancer proliferation and metastasis. Identification of USP7 as a promising gene editing candidate might open up the possibility of new molecular drug research in targeting the ubiquitination pathway in cancer.Use of nanoparticles as drug carrier vectors has great potential to circumvent the limitations associated with chemotherapy, including d
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Completing the evaluation of ventricular function with the longitudinal speckle tracking method in fetuses and newborn patients with congenital atrioventricular block may play an important role in establish-ing therapeutic behavior.
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This illness disproportionately affects patients with obesity, a chronic inflammatory disease with a baseline excess of cytokines. The majority of the medications used in the treatment of COVID-19 are metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, primarily CYP2D6. This is further complicated by genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6, HO-1, ACE, and ACE-2. There is a potential role for HO-1 upregulation to treat/prevent cytokine st
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Aim To assess midwives’ evaluation of a real-life neonatal resuscitation and their opinion on importance of resuscitation interventions. Methods Multicenter, multi-country study. Setting Beira Central Hospital (Mozambique) and Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova (Italy). Subjects Sixteen Mozambican midwives and 18 Italian midwives. Interventions Midwives’ assessment was evaluated by using a predefined score, whic
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Background Water exposure during contact lens wear has been associated with contact lens disease including microbial keratitis and sterile corneal infiltrates. Despite the documented risks, water exposure is common amongst lens wearers. This study aimed to determine the effect of water education in the form of “no-water” lens case stickers on water-contact behaviours and storage case contamination. Methods In a pros
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